Kuyini Amaponi?
Amaponi yisifunda sobuchopho esitholakala ku-brainstem. Amapayipi amancane kakhulu, futhi atholakala engxenyeni engezansi yobuchopho, axhuma i-cortex ye-cerebral ne-medulla oblongata. Amapayipi aqukethe izinzwa kanye namapheshana amathrekhi (izindlela) ezihlanganisa imisebenzi yobuchopho njengokuhamba kanye nemilayezo yezinzwa phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba.
Ama-pons ahlanganisa ukulinganisela ekhanda, entanyeni nasemzimbeni futhi edlala indima ebalulekile ekunyakeni kwelanga, elele, ephupha, egazini, egwinya, ephefumula, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
Ngokwesayensi, i-pons ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-hindbrain, igama elisekelwe endaweni yamaponi ngokuphathelene nalo lonke ubuchopho phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho embryo (ukukhula kwengane.)
Izimbangela
I-stroke ehilela ama-pons ingabangelwa i-clot yegazi (isifo so-ischemic) noma i-bleed (isifo esiyingozi).
I-ischemic stroke kwenzeka lapho i-clot yegazi ifometha, ivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ngokusebenzisa umthambo esifundeni esithile ebuchosheni. I-stroke enesifo esibi kwenzeka uma isitsha segazi siphula, sinciphisa noma sinqanda ukugeleza kwegazi esifundeni ebuchosheni.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushaywa yisisu kuyinto ischemic noma isifo esibi, uma igazi unikezwe esifundeni sobuchopho iphazamiseka, amangqamuzana ebuchopho baqala ukufa, okuholela ekulimazeni ubuchopho .
Ukusuka kwegazi kungabangela umonakalo ngenxa yokucindezela nokucasula kwezakhiwo zobuchopho eziseduze.
Amakhono okukhumbula nokucabanga (ukukhumbula, ukucabanga) okulawulwa yilapho ubuchopho lapho kwenzeka khona isifo sithintekile. Ubukhulu bomonakalo buxhomeke endaweni kanye nobukhulu besifo.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukushayisana okubandakanya ama-pons, ngokuvamile okuthiwa i-pontine stroke, kungase kube umphumela wokulimala komshini obangelwa ikhanda noma ukuhlukumezeka kwentamo. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba imithwalo yegazi ehlinzeka igazi kuma-pons kanti yonke ingqondo ye-brainstem ikhona ngemuva kwentamo, futhi ingalimala ngenxa yengozi yentamo noma ukucindezelwa okungazelelwe noma ukunyakaza kwekhanda noma intamo.
Izimpawu
Izibhamu ezenzeka emaponini zingabangela izimpawu ezihlukahlukene ezinzima, naphezu kwendawo encane yomonakalo ohilelekile.
Ezinye zezimpawu zesifo sofuba zihlanganisa inhlanganisela yalokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukulinganisela ubunzima
- I-Vertigo (ukusizwa kwenzwa)
- Isizungu
- Umbono kabili
- Ukulahlekelwa kokusebenzisana
- Ukucindezela ubunzima
- Kunzima ukukhuluma amagama
- Ubumbulu
- Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa
- Ubuthakathaka engxenyeni eyodwa yomzimba
- I-nausea
- I-pontine isifo singabangela isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i -syndrome ekhiyiwe . Abantu abahlukunyezwa yi-syndrome bangakwazi ukuphaphama, beqaphile futhi bakwazi ukucabanga nokuqonda, kodwa bayakwazi ukuhambisa amehlo abo kuphela.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwesifo sofuba kudinga ukuhlolwa kwe-neurologic ngokuphelele. Ezinye izivivinyo ze-imaging ze-diagnostic s ezifana ne-Brain MRI ne-Brain MRA noma i-CT angiogram zingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo se-pontine.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Izimo eziyingozi zokuphazamiseka kwe-pontine zifana nalezo zokushaywa kwamanye amazwe ezindaweni zobuchopho, kubandakanya:
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
- Isifo sikashukela
- Isifo senhliziyo
- I-fibrillation ye-Atrial
- Ukubhema
- Ubudala obudala
- Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni we-stroke
- Ukukhuluphala
- I-cholesterol engenampilo namazinga amafutha
- Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwesifo socansi kuxhomeke ekutholeni ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukwelashwa nge-clot yokudambisa izidakamizwa, isishukela se-plasminogen (tPA) singasebenza ngempumelelo yokwelashwa kwesifo sochungechunge kuphela uma senziwa ngaphakathi kwamahora amathathu ukuqala kwezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi.
Ngesikhathi sokuphumula ngemuva kokushaywa isifo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zokwelapha ezingabasiza ukukhulisa ngcono , kufaka phakathi abancinci begazi, ukuphathwa kwamanzi, ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zenhliziyo nokugcina ukudla okunomsoco okwanele.
Izwi elivela
Ukubuyiselwa okuvela ku-stroke ye-pontine kungenzeka.
Uma uke wabhekana nesifo sokushaya i-pontine, uma izimpawu zakho zizinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukugxila kwakho kuzogxila ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezinjengokukhahla nokuvimbela ukushaywa okuqhubekayo.
Ukushaywa komqondo ebuchosheni obunzima akuthinti ikhono lomlimi, futhi lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganyela ekwelapheni kokuvuselela. I-Vertigo nombono ophindwe kabili ngokuvamile baxazulula uma ukushaywa komzimba kunomoya omnene noma okulinganayo. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nokuvuselelwa yizinto ezibalulekile zokutakula kwesifo.
> Imithombo:
> I-Lacunar Infarction kanye Nezifo Ezincane Zezikebhe: I-Pathology and Pathophysiology .Caplan LR, J Stroke. 2015 Jan; 17 (1): 2-6