Kuyini i-tPA?
Umculi we-plasminogen we-tissue, noma i-tPA, yiyona kuphela yokwelashwa kwe-FDA okuvunyelwe ukushaywa kwe-ischemic noma i- thrombotic , okuyi-stroke eyabangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi kwe-clot egazini esifundeni sobuchopho. Sekusetshenziselwe ukwelashwa kwe- pulmonary embolism ne- infarction ye-myocardial . I-TPA i-blood thinner, ngakho-ke ayisetshenziselwa ukushaya noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda.
I-TPA isebenza kanjani?
I-TPA yiprotheni eyenziwa ngokwemvelo etholakala kuma-endothelial cells, amangqamuzana afaka imikhumbi yegazi. Ivuselela ukuguqulwa kwe-plasminogen ku-plasmin, i-enzyme ephethe ukuhlukana kwezindwangu. I-TPA isebenza ngokuvimbela ukwandiswa kwezindwangu zegazi ezivimbela ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni. Kuyinto imithi enamandla okumelwe ilawulwe yiqembu lezokwelapha elinolwazi.
Ngaphambi Kokuthola I-tPA Treatment
Ngaphambi kokuthola ukwelashwa nge-TPA, kufanele ulindele ukuba ne-CT scan engqondweni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunezimo eziningi zezokwelapha ezenza kube yingozi kakhulu kuwe ukuthola i-TPA. Uma unayo yalezi zimo, ngeke nje kuphela ukuthi i-TPA ingakusizi, ingabangela ukulimala okukhulu empilweni yakho.
Imibandela engakwenza ungakufaneleki ukuthola ukwelashwa nge-TPA ihlanganisa:
- Isifo esishayisayo (ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni)
- Aneurysm ye-Brain noma i-AVM
- Inqubo yokuhlinzwa yakamuva
- Ukulimala kwekhanda
- Ukuphuza noma ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
- Izilonda ze-bleeding
- Ukukhulelwa
- Imithi yokwehlisa igazi
- I-Trauma
- Ukucindezelwa kwegazi okungalawuleki
Ukuphathwa kwe-tPA
Ukwelapha nge-tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) kuye kwaphumelela kubantu abane-stroke ischemic uma nje yamukelwa ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwamahora amathathu okuqala kwezimpawu.
Ukwelapha okungokwemvelo ukuletha i-tPA endaweni yesigqoko noma ukubuyiselwa kwendwangu kubhekwa kuze kufike amahora ayisishiyagalolunye ngemuva kwesifo.
Ama-protocols asetshenziselwe ukukhomba ngokushesha ukuthi ngabe ungaba nesifo sohlangothi, ukuze ukuhlolwa kwakho kanye nokwelapha kungasheshisa futhi kuphumelele, kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthola ukwelashwa kokuphila ngesikhathi esifanele. Eqinisweni, ezinye izikhungo zenza izinyathelo ekutholeni ukushaywa masinya kunanini ngaphambili, ngezinyathelo zokushaywa kweselula .
Imiphumela emibi ye-tPA
Ngenkathi i-tPA iboniswe ukuthi iyasiza ekwelapheni isifo sohlangothi, kunengozi ehlobene nokuphathwa kwe-tPA, ngisho nakubantu abaye bahlonywa nge-tPA. Kuyinto enegazi elinamandla, futhi imiphumela emibi ingase ivele, kufaka phakathi okulandelayo:
- Ukulimala (ukuphuma kwegazi) okuthinta ubuchopho- kubangelwa ukuphathwa ikhanda, ubuthakathaka, ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuhlukunyezwa
- Ukushisa kwegazi uhlelo lokugaya- kudala igazi esitokisini noma ebuhlungu besisu
- Ukulahleka kwegazi okujulile- kubangela ukukhanya okuncane, ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphansi, ukulahlekelwa yimiqondo
- Ukuphuza okuncane emasimini noma ekhaleni
- Igazi emcimbini
Uma uthola noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, kufanele usazise ithimba lakho lezokwelapha.
Yazi Izimpawu Ze-Stroke
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwandisa amathuba akho okuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu ngesifo sokushaya isifo ukufika ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umuntu onesifo sokushaya isifo angase angaboni lapho bebona izimpawu. Ungafunda ukuthi ubona kanjani ukushaywa ukuze uthole usizo ngokushesha uma ubona izimpawu noma izimpawu zesifo .
Ungalindeli ukuthi izimpawu ziphele. Ngokushesha isifo sizophathwa, okuncane kunomphumela wesikhathi eside.
Izimpawu zesifo sihlanganisa:
- Ukuqonda ukukhathazeka noma ukukhuluma
- Ubuningi bengalo, ubuso noma umlenze
- Umbono ophuphuthekile noma omnyama ngenye eyodwa noma kokubili amehlo
- Umbono kabili
- Ngokungazelelwe, ikhanda elibi kakhulu
- Ukuvota
- Isizungu
- Kunzima ukuhamba
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukubambisana
- Ukuntuleka kobuso, ingalo noma umlenze
- Ubuso be-droopy noma ijwabu leso
- Ukudideka
- Ukulahlekelwa kokwazi
Izwi elivela
Ukuvimbela isisu kuyisici esibalulekile sokuphila okunempilo. Ngenkathi ukwelashwa kusebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekunciphiseni imiphumela embi yokwelapha, ukuvimbela kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokugwema imiphumela yesifo.
Izindlela zokulawula izici ezingozini ze-stroke zihlanganisa:
- Ukuyeka ukubhema
- Ukulahlekelwa isisindo
- Ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba
- Ukunciphisa ukungenisa utshwala
- Ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni
- Ukunciphisa ama-cholesterol namazinga amafutha
- Ukuphatha isifo sikashukela uma unayo
- Gcina ingcindezi yegazi enempilo
Uma wena noma othandekayo uye waba nesifo sohlangothi noma uthola i-tPA ukuze ukwelashwa ngesifo sohlangothi, lindele ukutakula okungathatha isikhathi. Uhlu lokuhlolwa kwesifo esingasetshenziswa lungasetshenziswa ekusizeni wena nomndeni wakho ngokusebenzisa ukutakula.
> Imithombo:
> Izindlela zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo zokwelashwa kwe-cerebral ischemia, uChristophe BR, i-Mehta SH, i-Garton AL, i-Sisti J, i-Connolly ES Jr, i-Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017 Ngomhla; 18 (6): 573-580