I-aortic aneurysm iyinqwaba ye- aorta , umthambo omkhulu ohamba kusukela enhliziyweni ukuhlinzeka umzimba wonke. Indawo evamile kakhulu ye-aortic aneurysm yisisu. I-aortic aneurysms ingakwazi ukuphuka, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi okubi nokufa. Uma uthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ukulungiswa kwezimo eziphuthumayo kungasindisa impilo yakho. I-aortic aneurysm etholakala ngaphambi kokuphuka ingahle ilungiswe ngokuhlinzwa, nge-pregnosis enhle.
Izimpawu
I-aortic aneurysm ingaveza izimpawu ukuthi i-wax iphinde iphele ngaphambi kokuba ihlukane. Ngokuvamile, uma i-aortic aneurysm iba sikhulu, izimpawu ziqala okokuqala noma zimbi nakakhulu. Izimpawu zingase zibe yisibonakaliso sokuthi ukuphuka kungenzeka kwenzeke. Izimpawu ze-aurtic aneurysm ephukile ziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ziyaqhubeka ngokushesha, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Esikhathini esiningi, i-aortic aneurysm izoqhekeka ngaphandle kwempawu zangaphambili.
I-aorta iyisitsha esikhulu segazi esivela enhliziyweni ukuhamba negazi okwenziwe nge-oxygen emzimbeni. Imithambo eminingi encane igxuma e-aorta. Izifunda ezimbili lapho i-aortic aneurysm engase ikhule khona ingaphakathi kwesigaba esiswini se-aorta, esitholakala ngemuva kwesisu, nesigaba se-thoracic se-aorta, esitholakala ngemuva kwezimbambo.
Izimpawu ze-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Isigaba esiswini se-aorta yisifunda esivame kakhulu se-aortic aneurysm, futhi lolu hlobo lwe-aneurysm, ne-aortic aneurysm esiswini, luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-AAA.
Izimpawu zingaba zicashile, noma kungenzeka ukuthi azikho izimpawu ngaphambi kokuphuka.
- Ubuhlungu bebukhoma phakathi nendawo engezansi engemuva
- Ubuhlungu besisu nangokwemvelo
- Ukuphulukisa inzwa esiswini
Izimpawu ze-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
I-aortic aneurysm ene-thorac iyisigaba se-aorta esanda kuphuma enhliziyweni, futhi sitholakala esifubeni.
Njenge-AAA, izimpawu zingase zibe ezicashile noma kungenzeka kube khona izimpawu ngaphambi kokuphuka.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukuhlungu obusemhlane
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
Izimpawu ze-Ruptured Aortic Aneurysm
Uma i-aortic aneurysm ihlukana, izimpawu zingathuthuka ngokushesha. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokuhlukana kwe-aortic aneurysm akufani neze ezifana ne-aortic aneurysm engaphazamiseki, nakuba ubuhlungu endaweni ye-aneurysm kungenzeka.
- Ukuzimelela, isiyezi futhi umbono ongenalutho
- Ubuthakathaka obukhulu
- Isifuba esifubeni, ubuhlungu besisu noma emuva
- Ukulahlekelwa kokwazi
Izimpawu ze-Aortic Aneurysm ezithinta ezinye izitho
Ama-clots egazi angakha ngaphakathi kwe-aortic aneurysm. Uma lawa maqabunga egazi aphumula futhi ahambela kwezinye izindawo zomzimba, angabangela ukulimala komzimba, njenge- stroke , ukwehluleka kwezinso noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka futhi zingafaka ubuhlungu besifuba, ukulahleka kombono kanye negazi emcinini.
Izimbangela
I-aortic aneurysm ingathuthuka lapho izindonga ze-aorta ziba buthakathaka. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezifo nezimo ezithinta zonke izitsha zegazi zomzimba, hhayi nje i-aorta. Ubuthakathaka be-aorta bubangela ukuqhuma, okwenza kube khona ukuhlukana noma ama-blood clots. Ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba kwe-aneurysm ezithombeni eziseduze kungaveza izimpawu ezithile ezitholakalayo, kanti ukulahleka kwegazi ngokuhlukana kwe-aneurysm kubangela imiphumela eyingozi kakhulu yokuphila.
- Ukubhema, okude kakhulu, kuyingozi ebangela ingozi ye-aortic aneurysms. Ababhemayo banokukhula okuphindwe kabili emiphakathini ye-aortic aneurysms uma kuqhathaniswa nabangewona abokubhema.
- Ukuguga: I-aortic aneurysms ayitholakali kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
- Ubulili besilisa: Ama-aurtic aneurysms ayenzeka kakhulu emadodeni kunabesifazane.
- I-hypertension : I-long-term high blood pressure, ikakhulu uma ingalashwa, ingandisa ingozi yokubunjwa kwe-aneurysm.
- Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba : Ukucindezeleka kwemithambo yegazi, eyenzeka ngenxa ye-cholesterol ephakeme ne-hypertension, ibeka i-aortic aneurysm ngokwenza izindonga zombhoshongo zingavamile futhi zinciphise amandla.
- Umlando womndeni we-aortic aneurysm yinto ebalulekile yobungozi
- Izimo zofuzo: Izifo eziningana zofuzo zingandisa ingozi ye-aortic aneurysm, ngenxa yobuthakathaka bemithwalo yegazi obangelwa yizimo. I-Marfan syndrome, i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, i-arteritis ye-Takayashu, i-valve i-bicuspid aortic, i-Loeys-Dietz syndrome, ama-aurtic ane-thoric ane-aortic, kanye nesifo sezinso ze-polycystic zonke zandisa ingozi ye-aortic aneurysms.
- I-trauma: I-Trauma kuya esiswini noma esifubeni kungabangela i-aortic aneurysm ukuthuthukisa noma ukuphuka.
Izingozi Zengozi Yokukhuphuka
Akulula ukubikezela ukuthi ngabe i-aortic aneurysm izoqhekeka yini. Izimpawu eziphuthumayo, ubukhulu obukhulu noma ubukhulu be-aneurysm, kanye nobufakazi bokuphuza kancane ekuhlolweni kokucabanga, konke kuphakamisa amathuba okuphuka. Izinguquko ezishisayo e-blood pressure, noma izifo ezinzima, zingandisa amathuba okuhlukana kwe-aortic.
Ukuxilongwa
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-aortic aneurysm ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukuphuka, futhi ukuphuka kungabulala. Uma une-aneorysm ene-aneurysm ye-aortic, umphumela wakho uyoba ngcono uma i- aneurysm itholakale ngaphambi kokukhiqiza noma yiziphi izimpawu.
- Ukuhlolwa: Iziningi ezine-anortic ezine-pre-rupture ezine-aurtic zitholakala lapho abantu abahlulelwa ukuthi bangengozini eyengeziwe bahlolwe ngqo, ngisho noma kungekho izimpawu noma izimpawu ekuhloleni ngokomzimba. I-US Preventative Task Force Force iye yasungula izincomo ze-aortic aneurysm ukuhlolwa ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala, ubulili nomlando wokubhema.
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Inqwaba ye-pulsatile, okuyindawo enkulu yokudonsa ngaphakathi esiswini, ingatholakala ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngabantu abangaba ngu-33% abane-AAA. Ngenxa yokuthi isitsha segazi sinzima nakakhulu ukuzwa ukuthi une-aneurysm ye-thoracic, ukuhlonza ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangokwenyama kuncane kakhulu kunezinzwa ze-thoracic.
- I-X-ray yekhanda: I-X-ray ayikho isifo ngokuvamile ukuthi udokotela wakho angayala uma usengozini ye-aortic aneurysm. Kodwa-ke, ama-aneurysms amaningi atholakala okokuqala nge-X-ray yesifuba esivamile esingahle ilandelwe esinye isizathu ngaphandle kokuhlola i-aortic aneurysm.
- Ucwaningo lwe-Ultrasound : I-ultrasound uhlobo lokutadisha olungathola ukungajwayelekile ekuhambeni oketshezi nesakhiwo somzimba womzimba. Ucwaningo lwe-ultrasound lubhekwa ikakhulukazi olubucayi ekuxilongweni kwe-aneorysms ye-aortic. Kuyinto yokuvivinya okuphephile futhi okusheshayo yokuhlola, okwenza kube usizo ezimweni eziphuthumayo kanye.
- I-CT scan: Olunye ucwaningo lwe-imaging, i-CT scan, lungabona ukushintsha kwesakhiwo se-aorta, futhi lungasiza ekuhleleni ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukuskena kwe-MRI: I-MRI, njenge-CT, isifundo se-imaging esingakwazi ukubona ukungafani okuvamile. Kuye ngokuthi yi-aneurysm yakho, i-MRI noma i-CT ingakhethwa ukuhlola i-aorta yakho.
Ukwelapha
Uma utshelwe ukuthi une-aneurysm ye-aortic, wena nodokotela wakho kuzodingeka unqume endleleni engcono kakhulu yokwelapha . Izinyathelo ezimbili zokuphathwa kwe-aneurysm zihlanganisa ukukhanda okuhlinzekwa ukuvimbela ukuphuka, noma ukuqapha ngokucophelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, lesi sinqumo sincike ekutheni kungenzeka ukuthi i-aneurysm yakho izoqhekeka, futhi engozini yakho yokucwaninga esuka ekuhlinzeni.
Amathuba okuthi i-aortic aneurysm iyophuka ixhomeke kakhulu ezintweni ezimbili: ubukhulu be-aneurysm, nesilinganiso sokukhula. Ubukhulu be-aneurysm e-aortic bubhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokubeka ingozi yokuphuka futhi ingalinganiswa nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI. Ama-Aneurysms amakhulu kunama-5,5 cm ububanzi emadodeni, noma angaphezu kuka-5.0 cm kwabesifazane, kungenzeka ukuthi aphule kunama-aneurysms amancane. Uma lezi zindinganiso zamaphesenti ububanzi sezifinyelelwe, ingozi yokuphuka ingaphezulu kuka-40% ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu, futhi ukuhlinzeka kuvame ukuphakanyiswa. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimiso zokungena, ingozi yokuphuka ingase isondele kakhulu engozini yezinkinga ezivela ekuhlinzekeni, ngakho-ke ukuhlinzwa kungenakunyuswa.
- Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa: Ukulungisa i-aneurysm kudinga inqubo yokuhlinza. Kunezindlela eziningi zokulungisa, okufaka phakathi okukhulunywe ngayo ukulungiswa okuvulekile, futhi enye indlela, okuyiyona yokulungiswa kokugcina. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzohlela inqubo yakho ukukunikeza ithuba elihle lokukhanda ngempumelelo nokuphumula okuphephile ngezinkinga ezimbalwa ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ingozi yokuhlinzeka: Abantu abaningi abane-aortic aneurysms banezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo ngenxa yobudala kanye nezinto ezibeka ingozi, ngakho-ke ingozi yokulungisa ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile ayiyona into encane. Ngokuvamile, ingozi yokufa ngenqubo yokuhlinzeka ivame ukuba ngu-5% noma ngaphansi, kodwa ingozi yokuhlinzwa kumele ihlolwe ngokucophelela kumuntu ngamunye.
- Landela: Uma ukuhlinzeka kungavunyelwe, ukubuyekezwa okujwayelekile kwesayizi we-aneurysm kufanele kwenziwe. Uma i-aneurysm ikhula ngobukhulu ngaphezu kuka-0.5 cm ngonyaka, ingozi yokuphuka iphezulu kakhulu - futhi ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuphakanyiswa noma ngabe usayizi jikelele we-aneurysm usengaphansi kuka-5.0 noma 5.5 cm.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Aortic Aneurysm Ukukhishwa
Ukuphuka kwe-aortic aneurysm kuyinto esiphuthumayo yokuhlinzeka. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe noma othandekayo, ukuqiniswa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kokulungiswa kwe-aneurysm, ukulahlekelwa ngokwegazi ngokweqile kanye nomthelela kwamanye amalungu kumele kulawulwe futhi.
Ukuvimbela
I-aortic aneurysm kungenzeka uma unezici ezithile ezingozi. Ezinye zezici eziyingozi, ezifana nobudala kanye nezakhi zofuzo, azilawulwa. Ezinye izinto eziyingozi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingashintshwa noma zilawulwe, okunciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-aortic aneurysm .
Ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:
- Ungabhemi: Ukubhema kuyinhloko enkulu engozini yazo zonke izifo ze-vascular, kuhlanganise ne-aortic aneurysms. Indlela kuphela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa umonakalo ophumela ekubhemeni ukuyeka ukubhema.
- Ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi: Ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwegazi kuyinhlangano ebalulekile ekuhlinzekeni kwezifo zamasondo, nokugcina ukucindezeleka kwegazi ngokusetshenziswa kokudla, ukucindezeleka, noma imithi kunciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-aortic aneurysm.
- Lawula izinga lakho le-cholesterol: I-cholesterol ephakeme iholela ekutheni i-atherosclerosis, okuyinto enzima ye-arteries. I-aestrosclerosis ingenye yezimbangela eziphezulu ze-aortic aneurysm. Kunezindlela eziningi zokunciphisa amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Imithi eminingi inganciphisa i-cholesterol, futhi ukudla okunomsoco ophezulu e-fiber futhi okuphansi kwamafutha angenampilo nakho kunganciphisa i-cholesterol kwabanye abantu.
- Thola ukunakekelwa okwelashwa okuvamile: Ukunakekela ukuvakashelwa kwakho okuvamile kwezokwelapha kubalulekile. Udokotela wakho angathola ukuthi ungase ube usengozini yokuba ne-aortic aneurysm, futhi ungadinga ukuhlolwa kokuhlola. Ukwengeza, uma ugcina ukuvakashelwa kwakho okuvamile kwezokwelapha, izinkinga ezingakwandisa ingozi ye-aortic aneurysm, njenge-hypertension ne-cholesterol ephakeme, ingatholakala futhi iphathwe kusenesikhathi.
Izwi elivela
Ukuhlukana kwe-Aortic kuyinto enkulu yokuphila engabangela ukufa. Ama-aurtic aneurysms ngokuvamile awabangeli izimpawu, okwenza ucwaningo lube nesici esibalulekile sokugcinwa kwezempilo, ikakhulukazi uma unezinto ezinobungozi ezifana nokubhema, ukuguga, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-atherosclerosis.
Uma une-aneurysm ye-aortic, isinqumo mayelana nokuthi udinga ukulungiswa, futhi imininingwane yenkambiso ngokwayo idinga ukubonisana nezinga eliphakeme nodokotela ohlinzayo. Ukuhlinzwa kubhekwa njengendlela eyinhloko, futhi emva kokulungisa, iningi labantu linomphumela omuhle futhi alitholi ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-aortic aneurysm.
Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho ephulukana nokuhlukunyezwa kwe-aortic, lokhu kuthola kuyothatha isikhathi, futhi kungase kube nomthelela wesikhathi eside we-aortic aneurysm yakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-Curt nguW, Yano M. Isifo esingahambi kahle esiyingozi se-aorta yesisu. I-Abdom Radiol (NY). 2018 May; 43 (5): 1067-1083. i-doi: 10.1007 / s00261-018-1525-0.
> Cury M, Zeidan F, Lobato AC. Isifo se-Aortic ezincane: izifo zesifo se-genetic aneurysm, izifo ezixhumene nezicubu, kanye nezimpikiswano ze-aortic zomndeni kanye nokuphazamiseka. I-Int J Vasc Med. 2013; 2013: 267215. i-doi: 10.1155 / 2013/267215. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
> Ukubheka i-BW, i-Hallett RL Fleischmann D. I-Epidemiology nokuphathwa kwesikhashana kwezimpikiswano ze-aortic esiswini. I-Abdom Radiol (NY). 2018 May; 43 (5): 1032-1043. i-doi: 10.1007 / s00261-017-1450-7.