Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo: Izinqubo Ezivamile Zokuvulwa Inhliziyo

Ngaphambi, Ngesikhathi & Emva Kokuhlinzwa Kwezinhliziyo

Vula ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kwenziwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene futhi kubhekene nezinqubo ezincane ezingenasidingo ezinemibono encane kakhulu ekukhipheni ngempela inhliziyo nokuyishintsha ngenhliziyo yokunikela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kokuphila okulondoloziwe. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlinza izinhliziyo futhi ngamunye uhlukile njengowodwa

Izinhlinzeko eziningi zezinhliziyo zinezinto ezimbalwa ezifanayo: zenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile , ezidinga ukuba isiguli sigcwaliswe futhi ku- ventilator .

Ezinye izinqubo ezingenasidingo ezincane, njengokubeka ama-stents noma i-pacemaker, zingenziwa ngokunakekelwa kwe-anesthesia , eyaziwa ngokuthi i-twilight sleep but ukuhlinzwa kwe-heart evulekile njalo isebenzisa i-anesthesia ephelele.

Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukhethe udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngokuhlakanipha . Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kuyokwenziwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo we- cardiothoracic . Udokotela ofanele uzothatha isikhathi sokuxoxa ngezingozi ezijwayelekile zokuhlinzwa kanye nezingozi zokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo nawe futhi akusize ubone ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini.

I-Human Heart

Ukwazi ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani kubalulekile ekuqondeni inqubo onayo. Inhliziyo ikhiwe ngamagagasi amane namagumbi amane ahambisa igazi emzimbeni. Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yenhliziyo ibonakalisiwe noma iziphazamiso, inkambo yegazi ngenhliziyo ingashintshwa, yehlisa ukusebenza kwayo.

Izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwenhliziyo zingabangela ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, izilinganiso zenhliziyo ezingavamile kanye nama-clots wegazi.

Inhliziyo iyisici esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingaba yinselele ukuqonda, kodwa kuthatha isikhathi sokufunda ukuthi kungani udinga inqubo, ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi yini ongayilindela ukuyishintsha emva kokuhlinzwa kudingeke ukuba utshalomali lwesikhathi luzodinga.

Vula ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kuvulwa uhlobo lwenhliziyo eyenziwa ukuhlinzwa okudinga inhliziyo ukuba ivezwe ukuze kwenziwe inqubo. Kulezi zimo, i-sternum (ithambo lesifuba) linqunywe ngesigamu lizungeza ngakho isifuba singavulwa, okwenza inhliziyo ibonakale. I-pericardium isuke isuswe kude nenhliziyo, ihlinzeke udokotela ohlinzayo ukufinyelela okuqondile.

Izinqubo ezingekho ngaphansi kwezinyathelo zokuvula izinqubo zenhliziyo ziyathuthukiswa nsuku zonke, okuholela ekuhlinzekeni okungenziwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba. Esinye isibonelo sokuhlinzwa okwamanje esitholakalayo usebenzisa inqubo encane engavamile yinkambiso ye- MAZE , ukuhlinzeka okusiza ukulawula ukucubungula kwe-atrial .

Ukulungiswa Kokuhleleka Kwengqondo Ye-Congenital

Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa yi-congenital izimo ezikhona lapho zizalwa. Zivela ezinkingeni ezincane zibe yizindaba ezinkulu ezisongela impilo okufanele zilungiswe ukuze umntwana asinde.

Indlela Yokulungiselela Izingane Zokuhlinzwa

Ukulungisa I-Heart Valve nokufaka esikhundleni

Ama- valve enhliziyo asebenza ukugcina igazi ligeleza ngendlela efanele ngokusebenzisa inhliziyo nemaphaphu. Uma zilimazekile noma zingasebenzi kahle, ukugeleza kungaphazamiseka, kubangele izinkinga ezincane, njengokukhathazeka kwenhliziyo , noma izifo ezingathí sina zezintambo zenhliziyo ezifana ne- mitral valve prolapse noma i-endocarditis.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu benkinga, ukulungiswa kwe-valve noma ukushintshwa kwe-valve kungadingeka. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokufakelwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo okwamanje emakethe, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kufanele akwazi ukukuqondisa ngokuzikhethela kwakho. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angase ancoma ukuthi uthathe abambalwa begazi ukuvimbela ama-clots emva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo .

Ukuhlinzwa Kokufakelwa Inhliziyo

Ukuhlinza ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kungenye yezinhlinzeko zezinhliziyo ezisengozini kakhulu ezenziwa namuhla. Ukufakelwa kokutshala kwenziwa uma inhliziyo isonakaliswe kabi, noma isebenza kabi, ukuthi isiguli ngeke sisinde ngaphandle kwenhliziyo entsha. Uma inhliziyo ingakwazi ukunikeza umzimba ngegazi elanele, idivayisi efana ne-LVAD yokulawula izimpawu zokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, noma i-ECMO ingase isetshenziselwe ukusekela umsebenzi wenhliziyo kuze kutholakale inhliziyo yeninikelo.

Ukuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo Yomzimba

Ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa kwe-Heart , okuyaziwa nangokuthi i- coronary artery bypass grafting noma i-CABG, idlula imishanguzo evinjiwe eyondla imisipha yenhliziyo. Lapho izitsha zilimazwa yi- atherosclerosis kanye / noma i-arteriosclerosis , igazi elincane lifinyelela enhliziyweni. Uma ukuvinjelwa kunzima, noma kungaphenduli ukwelashwa okuncane okungenasidingo njengama- stents , ubuhlungu besifuba noma ngisho nokuhlasela kwenhliziyo kungaholela.

Ukunciphisa i- coronary arteries kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuze kube semisipha yenhliziyo futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala okuvela noma okuqhubekayo. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili, enye isebenzisa umshini we -lung-pulp machine (ngepompo) kanti enye yenziwa ngaphandle komshini (vala ipom).

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Pacemaker

Ukuze kucace, ukuhlinzeka nge-pacemaker akuyona inqubo yenhliziyo evulekile, kodwa ngokuvamile kuphutha ngomunye. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukuhlinzeka nge-pacemaker kungenye yezinhlinzeko ezincane ezingenasifo senhliziyo, futhi akudingi ukuba isifuba sivuleke ngokuphelele njengoba senziwa ngezinqubo zenhliziyo evulekile. Esikhundleni salokho, i-pacemaker igxila ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba futhi ama-electrode afakwa ngamasu amancane angenawo amandla.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zama-pacemaker , ngayinye eyenzelwe ukuhambisana nenjongo ehlukile. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokufakelwa kwe-pacemaker ifana nhlobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlobo lwe-pacemaker.

Ukuphila Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa Kwe-Pacemaker

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo

Uma ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yakho kuqediwe, kunezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ekubuyiseleni okukhulu . Ukunakekelwa okuhle kokunciphisa kubalulekile. Ukugcina umshini ohlanzekile futhi owomile kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokuphumula, nokuphulukiswa ngesivinini.

Izinto ezilula kakhulu ziba zibaluleke kakhulu emva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, isibonelo esisodwa salokhu sigcina amabilini akho ahamba. Ukuqokwa emva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kungaba yingozi. Ukuhlanzeka ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kungenza kube nzima kakhulu enhliziyweni, futhi kufanele kugwenywe. Ngisho nokunyuka kusuka endaweni ehlezi kungadinga inqubo ekhethekile, ukushaya umshini wakho ngomcamelo ukuze unikeze ukwesekwa.

Ngemuva kwenqubo yakho, udokotela wakho odokotela angase ancoma ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo ukusiza ukuba ubuyele emisebenzini yakho evamile.

Imithombo:

Vula ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Isibhedlela Sezingane ZaseCincinnati. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Ephreli, 2009. http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/heart-encyclopedia/treat/surg/open.htm

Yiziphi Izingozi Zokuhlinzwa Kwenhliziyo? I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Ephreli, 2009. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hs/hs_risk.html