Ungacabanga ukukhala izinyembezi zegazi? Kungase kuzwakale njengengqikithi ye-horror, kodwa izinyembezi ezichitha igazi empeleni ziyinto yangempela. Igazi ezinyembezini yisimo esingavamile esibizwa ngokuthi i-hemolacria. Izinyembezi zegazi ziye zabhalwa ezinsukwini eziningi, ngokuvamile ziphethe ukuxhuma okungalungile. Kwamanye amasiko, ukuba nezinyembezi zamanzi ezazicatshangwa ukuthi zihlobene nokudemoni.
Ngokujabulisayo, amacala amaningi we-hemolacria ayinhlonipho futhi ngokuvamile ayenzeka ngencazelo ecacile. Kodwa-ke, izimo eziningana kufanele zicatshangelwe uma zixilongwa. Ngaphambi kokuhlola izimbangela ezikhona, ake sibukeze isisindo se-nasolamalmal system, uhlelo olubhekele ukukhiqiza nokuqeda izinyembezi.
Ukukhiqiza Ukulila
Uhlelo lokukhiqiza izinyembezi oludala izinyembezi lwakhiwe izingxenye eziningana. Isigqoko esilahlekile yisigaxa esikhulu esenza izinyembezi zifihle . Itholakala ngaphansi kwejwabu leso le-orbit. Umsebenzi wayo ukukhipha izinyembezi ebusweni. Izinyembezi ezivamile zansuku zonke zibizwa ngokuthi izinyembezi eziphansi. Izinyembezi ezikhiqizwa imizwelo noma uma into ekhona isowa kuthiwa izinyembezi ezicabangelayo. Kukhona nezinhlayiyana ezincane ezifakwe kwijwabu leso eliveza izinyembezi. Izinhlayiya ze-meibomian zibeka ijwabu leso ukuze lifake amafutha omzimba osiza ukuzinzisa ifilimu yezinyembezi futhi avimbele ukugeleza. Uhlelo lwe-lacrimal lulawulwa ngokuyinhloko ohlelweni lwe-parasympathetic futhi ngandlela-thile ngohlelo lokuzwelana.
Ijwabu leso ngalinye liba ne-punctum elilodwa eduze nomkhawulo walo esifundeni sendawo yaso. Lawa ma-puncta yizimbobo ezincane ezibonakala kalula emkhakheni wejwabu leso. I-punctum ngayinye ineshubhu encane noma i-canaliculus eholela esikhwameni esingenalutho. Isikhwama esingenaso leso sikhathi siba ngumzila ongenawo wonke umuntu futhi sivule ngaphakathi kwenyama engaphansi (ukuvulwa okuncane) kwempumu.
Ngokuvamile kuvamise i-valve encane evumela izinyembezi ukuba ziqhubekele emakhaleni kodwa azivumeli izinyembezi zigeleke phezulu emadayeni. Izinyembezi ngokwawo zinikeza umsebenzi wokugcoba ngeso, kanye nokusiza iso ukudala isithombe esicacile. Izinyembezi nazo zithwala izakhi, i-electrolytes, ama-antibiotic yemvelo, ne-oxygen ebusweni beso ne-cornea, isakhiwo esicacile se-dome-like on the front of the eye.
Izimbangela
Iningi lezinyembezi eziqukethe igazi libangelwa yizimo ezilandelayo:
- Ukulimala okuhlangene: I-conjunctiva yi-membrane ecacile yesikhumba elele phezulu kwesikhala, ingxenye emhlophe yeso. Ngaphakathi kwe-conjunctiva yi-meshwork yemithini yegazi. Ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala noma ukuchotshozwa kungabangela ukuphuma kwe-conjunctiva ngoba kungenxa yokuthi isitsha segazi-sicebile. Igazi liphuma nje futhi lixubane nezinyembezi, okwenza kube sengathi sengathi umuntu ubeka izinyembezi ngegazi kuzo.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi : Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kuhlanganise ne- hemophilia kungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile ngenxa yezinkinga zokuqeda. Abantu abahlukunyezwa nge-hemophilia bangase bakhuqe noma baphuze kalula. Lokhu kungabonakalisa emehlweni njengoba izinyembezi zamanzi. Ezinye izimo ezidinga ukuthatha igazi abanciphisa igazi zingabangela abantu ukuba babe nezinyembezi zamanzi. Imithi efana ne-aspirin noma i-heparin ingaba ngamacala kulezi zimo. Iziguli ezivuthiwe njalo noma eziphuma ngegazi kumele zihlolwe ngumhlengikazi wabo wezinsizakalo.
- I-granuloma ye-Pyogenic : I-griuloma ye-pyogenic iyisisu esinamandla kakhulu, esingaba ne-vascularized kakhulu esingase sikhule ku-conjunctiva noma esikhwameni esilalayo. Isikhwama esilahlekile yiyona nhlangano ejwayelekile lapho imigodi emibili yokudonsa izinyembezi ihlangana khona ukuze ikhule izinyembezi. I-granuloma ye-pyogenic ingenzeka ngokulimala, i-bug bite noma ukuvuvukala okukhulu. I-granulomas ye-Pyogenic nayo ivela njalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormone emzimbeni.
- Ukuhlunga : Ukukhipha isisu emgodleni ( nosebleed ) kuthiwa yi-epistaxis ngokuqondile. Njengoba kuchazwe ngaphambili, uhlelo oluhlelekile oluveza futhi lukhipha izinyembezi zomuntu luxhunywe emgodini wezintambo. Njengoba sikhanyisa, izinkophe zethu zisebenza kancane kancane zibheke ekhoneni leso lapho kutholakala i-puncta. I-puncta yizimbobo ezincane lapho izinyembezi zigeleza khona. I-puncta idonsela esikhwameni esilahlekile bese ingena emgodini we-lacrimal nasempeni. Le ndlela ichaza isizathu sokuthi ikhala lakho liyancipha kanjani lapho ukhala. Uma une-nosebleed futhi uphawula noma uphazamise impumulo yakho, ukugeleza kwegazi okungaqondakali kungaphakanyiswa emuva ngesistimu engekho emthethweni. Lokhu kuzobangela ukuba igazi libuyele emuva nge-puncta nasezinyembezini, okwenze kube sengathi izinyembezi zakhiwe ngegazi.
- I-Lacrimal bag yokulimala: I-melanoma ebulalayo ingenzeka noma kuphi emzimbeni kufaka isikhwama esibizayo. Abantu ababhekene ne-melanoma ye-sac lacrimal bangaba nezinyembezi zamanzi. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.
- I-hypertension engalawulwayo: Nakuba izinyembezi ezingavamile, ezinamanzi ziye zabhalwa emacaleni okucindezelwa kwegazi okungapheli . Ezimweni eziningi, kwenzekani isitsha segazi esiphukile ku-conjunctiva noma emathanjeni aso. Ngenxa yokuthi ukucindezeleka kwegazi kuphakeme, ukuphuma kwegazi kungadlulela. Ezimweni eziningi, lapho umfutho wegazi ophakeme uphelelwa phansi ngemithi, izinyembezi zamanzi ziyayeka ngokushesha.
- Izimbangela ze-Hormonal : Ucwaningo lubhale abesifazane abathile abakhononda i-hemolacria ngesikhathi beya esikhathini. Ukuphuma kwegazi kubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwamahomoni. Ngokujwayelekile, igazi ezinyembezini ezivela kulaba besifazane litholakala ezincane futhi akubanga ukuphazamiseka okuphawulekayo kowesifazane otholayo.
- Isizathu se-Idiopathic: Kuye kwaba namacala amaningana omuntu okhala izinyembezi zegazi engenakho incazelo futhi akukho nhlobo yezokwelapha. Kulezi zimo, akukho sifo esibucayi noma ukuphazamiseka okutholiwe futhi kubonakala kuxazulula ngesikhathi. Ayikho incazelo yesayensi etholakale kulokhu okungajwayelekile.
Izwi elivela
Izinyembezi ezinamanzi, ezitholakala ngokwemithi ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemolacria, yisimo esingavamile. Nanobe ngokuvamile evamile, kufanele ubone udokotela wezilanga ukuze ahlole uma ubona igazi lixutshwe nezinyembezi zakho. Iziningi zamanzi ezinyembezi ezinyembezi zivame ukuxazulula ngokushesha njengoba ziqala, kodwa kwezinye izimo, izimbangela ezinkulu ezinjenge-hypertension ezingalawuleki, i-melanoma enonya noma ukulimala kuyisola.
> Umthombo:
> I-American Academy ye-Optometry. I-Hemolacria enesineke enezifo ezibucayi ezinamandla, i-Optometry neScience Vision, ngoJuni 2013.