Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-primary noma i-metastatic, umdlavuza emathanjeni ungabonisa ngezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obandayo, ukuvuvukala kanye / noma ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokuzumayo obuvela ekuqhekekeni kwe-pathologic -ukuphuka okwenzeka ethangeni eliye labuthakathaka ngenxa yobunzima.
Izimpawu zomdlavuza wezithambo zingase zibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuphoqa ekuqaleni ngoba lezi zinhlobo zezimpawu zivame ukubangelwa izimo ezingenakuqhathanisa ezifana nokulimala kwezemidlalo noma izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ngamalungu, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ze-arthritis.
Ukwengeza, izimpawu zesifo somdlavuza wethambo ziyahlukahluka komunye nomuntu futhi zingancika endaweni kanye nohlobo lwesisu.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Ubuhlungu
Ngokuvamile, ubuhlungu yilona uphawu oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wesifuba ovame kakhulu, i-osteosarcoma. Kuvame ukwenzeka emathanjeni amade omzimba, njengalezo izingalo nemilenze.
Ekuqaleni, ubuhlungu bungase kungabi njalo. Ngokuvamile kubangelwe ukulimala ngokomzimba noma ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kokubili okuvamile kubantu abancane okuvame ukuba ne-osteosarcoma. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zikhona ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ukuxilongwa-cishe izinyanga ezintathu, ngokwesilinganiso.
Ubuhlungu besifo somdlavuza we-bone lungase bubi kakhulu ebusuku noma uma ithambo lisetshenziswa. Izingoma ze-osteosarcoma ngokuvamile zibangelwa ubuhlungu, njengoba ziqala ukungena ezingeni elijwayelekile lomsebenzi kanye nesimo sokuphila:
- Ukulinganisa
- Ukukhathazeka ukuhamba, ukuphakamisa, noma ukuhamba
- Ubuhlungu, isisa, nokuvuvukala noma ukukhulisa eduze kwe-joint
- Ukufudumala nokubomvu endaweni ethintekile
- I-bone ephukile esakhiweni se-tumor; ithambo lingase liphule ngokujwayelekile, ukunyakaza okuvamile
- Omunye angase abe nomuzwa ophuthumayo, obuhlungu emthanjeni owawubuhlungu kakhulu amasonto noma izinyanga
Cishe isigamu sawo wonke ama-osteosarcomas aqala esifundeni esiseduze namadolo . Isiqalo sokuqala esivame kakhulu siseduze ekupheleni kwethanga, noma femur, elilandelwa ngethambo elingenhla, noma i-tibia.
Amathambo esandla eduze nehlombe yindawo yesithathu ejwayelekile kakhulu. Ukubandakanyeka kwezinye izingxenye zamathambo, okuvame ukwenziwa izinkalo, kwenzeka ezingaphansi kwezingu-10 zamacala e-osteosarcoma yezingane.
Ukuvuvukala
Indawo ebuhlungu yethambo ingathuthuka nokuvuvukala nxazonke, nakuba lokhu kungeke kwenzeke kuze kube amasonto emva kokuqala kobuhlungu besithambo. Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza wamathambo bayakwazi ukuzwa uhla noma ubukhulu uma i-tumor ye-bone isendaweni engatholakala ngokuthinta.
Ngokubili ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala, lezi yizimpawu ezingaba nephethini ehlukile kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lomdlavuza wethambo. Ngokwesibonelo, esimweni se-osteosarcoma, i-shin, ithanga, nengalo ephezulu yizindawo ezijwayelekile zesifo sofuba ezinganeni nasebancane. Kulezi zindawo ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwenzeka ngesifo. Abanye abantu bangase bahlakulele uma i-tumor isemlenze noma i-hipbone.
I-Fractures ye-Pathological
Lezi fracture ngeke zivele emathanjeni enempilo. Lapho umdlavuza ukhula ngaphakathi kwethambo ithambo lingabuthakathaka. Uma umuntu eqala ukuhlukana eduze noma ngesifo sefu, ngokuvamile uchaza ubuhlungu obunzima ngokungazelelwe emthanjeni owawubuhlungu kakhulu amasonto noma izinyanga.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-osteosarcoma itholakale lapho ithambo elibuthakathaka ngenxa yomdlavuza ngenxa yokuwa okuncane noma ingozi.
Izimpawu zesimiso
Lezi zimpawu azixhunywanga ngqo namathambo. Yize umdlavuza ungagcinwa esitokisini, kungaba khona izimpawu ezijwayelekile emzimbeni wonke, owaziwa ngokuthi izimpawu zesistimu.
Abantu abanomdlavuza wethambo bangaba nesisindo nokukhathala , isibonelo. Uma umdlavuza usakazeka ezithombeni zangaphakathi njengamaphaphu, kungabangela izimpawu kulezo zindawo, futhi-ngokwesibonelo, ukukhathazeka ukuphefumula.
Izimpawu Ezijwayelekile Ezivamile
Njengentuthuko yomdlavuza wethambo, kungase kuvele ezinye izimpawu zesistimu-okungukuthi, ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele ngenxa yomdlavuza nemiphumela emihlelweni yomzimba wonke, ngaphezu kwemiphumela yendawo eduze kwethambo.
Lokhu kufaka:
- Ukukhathala nokulala
- Fever
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungenalutho
- Ukubala kwesibalo se-red ebomvu (i-anemia)
Lezi zimpawu zesistimu zivele zivame ukungabi khona kwezifo eziphambili kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile
Ku-Head and Neck Osteosarcomas
Ama-osteosarcomas we-skull kanye namathambo ebuso asuke engajwayelekile futhi amelela amaphesenti angaba ngu-10 kuwo wonke ama-osteosarcomas. Isilinganiso samadoda nabesilisa siseduze nanye. Amathanga aphethwe kakhulu ekhanda nasentanyeni umhlathi, olandelwa umlomo ophezulu we-skull (maxilla). I-osteosarcomas yamanye amathambo e-crane ayilangale kakhulu.
Amakhansela akhula emathanjeni entanyeni angabangela izimpawu eziyingqayizivele kanye nokuvuvukala. Kungaba nesisindo esandisa ngemuva komphimbo, okungabangela ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula. I-Cancer emathanjeni omgogodla angakwandisa ukucindezela emithanjeni, ebangela ukuphazamiseka nokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besisu.
E-Parosteal Osteosarcomas
I-subset ethile ye-osteosarcoma, i-parosteal osteosarcoma, inezibonakaliso ezihluke kumacala ajwayelekile: ubuhlungu obuncane nobubele phezu kwesiza somdlavuza futhi, uma kusendaweni yaso, kufana nokunciphisa ukulinganiselwa ekukwazi ukushintsha futhi ekugcineni kwandiswe ngamadolo.
Lesi sifo singase sibe khona isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba sitholwe, siba sikhulu ngaphambi kokuba ubuhlungu bufike ekugcineni.
I-Multifocal Sclerosing Osteosarcomas
Okunye okusobala okuthiwa yi-multifocal sclerosing osteosarcoma, lapho izicubu eziningi ezakhiweni zikhula ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi zikhona lapho zixilongwa. I-tumor ngayinye ibukeka sengathi iyisayithi sokuqala yesifo ekuhlolweni, okuphakamisa ukuthi izicubu zethambo zakha ngokuzimela, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumasayithi amaningi.
Izimpawu zifana ne-osteosarcomas ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokuthi zingenzeka ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu futhi zanda kakhulu. Ayaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lowo mdlavuza wethenga uvela kumasayithi amaningi noma uma esinye sezidumbu siqala isiqalo sesifo futhi senze ngokushesha ngokushesha kwezinye izindawo zamathambo ngaphandle kokumisa emaphashini. Futhi, lokhu kuyisibonelo esingavamile.
I-Osteosarcoma ye-post-irradiation
I-post-irradiation i-osteosarcoma ivela kubantu abaphulukiswe umdlavuza ngemithi yokwelashwa. Iqala ngamaphesenti angaphansi kwamahlanu amacala.
Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi i-osteosarcomas ivela kaningi kakhulu ezigulini ezithola ukwelashwa okuphezulu kwe-radiation. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu endaweni yomzimba owathola ukwelashwa kwama-radiation.
Izinkinga
Izinkinga ezihlukahlukene kungenzeka nge-osteosarcoma kanye / noma ukwelashwa kwayo, okufaka okulandelayo. Uhlu lungase luzizwe lukhulu. Khumbula ukuthi zonke lezi zixazululo zingamathuba nje, kanti okukwenzekayo akusho ukuthi bonke bazokwenza. Eqinisweni, akukho okungahle kwenzeke, futhi uma benza ukuqapha kanye nezincomo ezivela kuchwepheshe wakho wezempilo kufanele kukusize ukuphatha nokuwunqoba.
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukuhlwithwa kusuka ekuhlinzekeni
- Izinkinga emva kokuhlinzwa kwesilonda-salvage
- Izinkinga ngenxa ye-chemotherapy:
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele, izilonda emlonyeni, izinambuzane, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukutheleleka okukhulayo, ukululaza nokuphuza okulula, nokuzwa ukhathele kusuka kumakhemikhali
- Izinkinga ngenxa yokwelashwa kwemisebe:
- Ukushisa, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukucwenga, isifo sohudo, ukukhula kabi kwethambo, ukulimala komzimba, kanye namagciwane amasha kusuka emisebeni
- Izinselele ezingokomzwelo nezingokwenyama ezivela kumanothi
- Izinkinga zenhliziyo nephuphu
- Izinkinga ngokukhula nentuthuko
- Izinkinga zokufunda
- Izinguquko ekuthuthukiseni ucansi
- Izinkinga ngokuzala
- Ukubuyela komdlavuza
- Ukukhula kwamanye amagciwane
Isayithi esivame kakhulu ukusakazwa esitheni lungumaphaphu. Ngokuvamile kakhulu, ukusakazeka komdlavuza kutholakala kwamanye amathambo nezicubu ezithambile.
Lapho i-osteosarcoma isanda kakhulu, lokhu kuvame ukuphumela kokuphindaphindiwe kunesimo sezindaba ekuqaleni kokuxilongwa. I-osteosarcoma evamile ingaba nokubandakanya isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko noma ipheshana lamathumbu.
Ukufa kusuka e-osteosarcoma cishe njalo kubangele ukuqhubekela phambili kokusabalalisa emaphashini, ngokuhluleka ukuphefumula ngenxa yezifo ezandakazekayo. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuphuma kwamaphaphu emaphashini, ukuchithwa kwesinye noma zombili amaphaphu, nokucindezelwa kwezitsha ezinkulu eziseduze namaphaphu. Vala ukuqapha nge-professional care professional yakho kuyadingeka.
Nini Ukubona Udokotela Wakho
Izimpawu eziningi zomdlavuza wethambo, ezifana nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala, kubangelwa kakhulu izimo ezingathí sina ezifana nokulimala okubuhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlungu bomlenze nengalo buvame ukukhula kwabafana namantombazane, futhi kaningi akusikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka, buqinisa, noma uma kukhona ezinye izimpawu, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha.
Uma wena noma othandekayo enesimo somdlavuza-esibhekene nomdlavuza njenge-retinoblastoma noma i-Li-Fraumeni syndrome, ungase ufune ukuba uqaphele ngokukhethekile izibonakaliso nezimpawu zokulimala.
Uma usuvele uthola ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza wamathambo, kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi nakakhulu, unayo izimpawu ezintsha, noma unemiphumela emibi ekwelapheni.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Izivivinyo ze-Osteosarcoma. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/osteosarcoma/detection-diagnosis-staging/how-diagnosed.html.
> National Caner Institute. I-Osteosarcoma kanye ne-Histiocytoma e-Malignant Fibrous ye-Bone Treatment (PDQ®) -Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/bone/hp/osteosarcoma-treatment-pdq.