Uma umuntu enesifo se-pulmonary, yizimpawu abazizwayo ngokuvamile ezibangela ukuba bafune usizo lwezokwelapha. Futhi izimpawu abazichazayo ngokuvamile ziphazamisa udokotela ukuthi i-pulmonary embolus ingaba yinkinga.
Uma i-pulmonary embolus ikhiqiza isethi yezimpawu "ezivamile," odokotela abaningi bazocabangela ukuxilongwa okusheshayo ngokushesha futhi bayohamba ngokushesha ngokuqinisekisa ukusola kwabo.
Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, abantu abanezimpukane ze-pulmonary ngeke babe nezimpawu zakudala. Esikhundleni salokho, abaningi bangase babe nezimpawu ezincane noma azikho izimpawu nhlobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye bazothola ukuwa kwesifo senhliziyo ngokushesha, mhlawumbe ngokufa okungazelelwe, futhi ngeke babe nethuba lokuchaza noma yiziphi izimpawu kunoma ubani.
Ngakho-ke, nakuba izimpawu ze-pulmonary embolus zibalulekile, kubalulekile nokuba odokotela babe nenhlawulo ephezulu yokusola lapho umuntu obhekene nengozi yokwakheka kwamapulmali ekhononda ngisho nezimpawu ezincane ezingase zibangelwe omunye. I-pulmonary embolary engenzi izibonakaliso ezimangalisayo ingase ilandelwe maduzane nenye i-pulmonary embolus (okungenzeka ivinjelwe) okubangela inkinga enkulu.
Izimpawu Ezivamile
Izimpawu zakudala ze-pulmonary embolus, ezichazwe ezincwadini zezokwelapha, ziyizi:
- i- dyspnea engazelelwe, engaqondakali (ukuphefumula), elandelwa
- ubuhlungu obuhlungu obuhlungu besifuba esivame ukuphikisana nemvelo (okungukuthi, kuya kuba mkhulu ngokuphefumula okujulile), futhi
- ukukhwehlela.
Ezinye izimpawu abantu abavame ukuzenza nge-pulmonary embolus zihlanganisa:
- ubuhlungu ekhaleni noma emthangeni (okusikisela ukucindezeleka okujulile kwe-vein, DVT )
- isondo
- i-hemoptysis (ukukhwehlela igazi)
- i-syncope (ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo)
Noma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu kufanele ibeke i-pulmonary phezulu ohlwini lwadokotela lwezinkinga zezokwelapha okufanele zibhekwe ngokushesha.
Kubantu abaningi, abathola i-dyspnea ngokuzumayo, enzima kakhulu, ngokusobala kungenasizathu nhlobo, kuyasabeka kakhulu. Ngakho abantu abanalesi sibonakaliso bavame ukuzama ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Odokotela nabo bavame ukuhlatshwa umxhwele ngalesi sibonakaliso, futhi kufanele babe. Ngakho-ke ngisho noma isiguli sabo singahambisani nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba noma ukukhwehlela, incazelo ye-dyspnea engaqondakali engahlanzeki kufanele ibe ngokwanele ukuxwayisa odokotela abaningi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-pulmonary embolus.
Kodwa i-pulmonary embolus ayibangeli njalo lolu hlobo lwezimpawu eziphawulekayo; ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zincane kakhulu. Odokotela badinga ukusola ngalokhu kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi umuntu onobungozi bokubumbana kwe-pulmonary, futhi ukhononda nganoma yiluphi uphawu (nakuba lubuhlungu) oluhlobene nokuphefumula kwabo.
Izimpawu
Odokotela bazovame ukubona ukutholakala komgomo (okubizwa ngokuthi "izibonakaliso"), kubantu abaye baba ne-pulmonary embolus. Lezi zimpawu zihlanganisa:
- i-tachycardia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngokushesha)
- i-tachypnea (ukuphefumula okusheshayo)
- hypotension (umfutho wegazi ophansi)
- kunciphisa imisindo yokuphefumula phezu kwengxenye yamaphaphu, okubonisa ukuthi umoya awugeleza kuleyo ndawo
- imigqa (ama-crackles phezu kwamaphaphu), ekhombisa uketshezi emasakeni emoyeni
- ukucindezela okuphakeme emithanjeni yezintamo, okubonisa ukuvinjelwa emthini we-pulmonary
- ukuvuvukala noma ububele phezu kwethanga noma ithole, okubonisa i-DVT
Uma kukhona okunye okutholakele okukhona okukhona, kanye nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezivame ukukhiqizwa yi-pulmonary embolus, ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ukuze kuqinisekiswe noma kungavumelani nokuxilongwa. Ngisho nangaphandle kokuthola okusemthethweni, futhi ngisho noma izimpawu zibonakala zibukeka kahle, uma nje udokotela ecabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kune-pulmonary embolus kungenzeka, ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kufanele kwenziwe.
Kwamanye abantu, izimpawu ze-pulmonary embolus azikhohlisi. Kwamanye, i-pulmonary embolus izobangela ukungazinzi okukhulu, okusheshayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ngisho nokushaqeka okungaqondile. Ukungqubuzana okungaqondakali komzimba kufanele kube ngokwakho kube yinkomba eqondile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-pulmonary embolus yenzeke.
Eqinisweni, uma izimo zomtholampilo zisola kakhulu ukuxilongwa kwe-pulmonary futhi isiguli singase sife ngaphandle kokulashwa ngokushesha, odokotela bangase baqale ukwelashwa kwe-pulmonary embolus ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kutholakale ukuthi ukuxilongwa kutholakala yini.
Izinkinga
I-pulmonary embolus ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ukuxilongwa kubambezeleka noma kungaphuthelwa. Ukuze ugweme le miphumela, odokotela kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi babe nokusola nge-pulmonary embolus uma kukhona isizathu sokucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwenzeke.
Izinkinga ezinkulu ze-pulmonary embolus yizi:
- I-pulmary pulmonary embolus ejwayelekile. Ngaphandle kokuba kutholakale ukuthi kutholakala kanjani futhi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kunikezwa, abantu abanezinhlungu zamapulmoni banengozi enkulu yokuba nomunye.
- I-infarction yepulmonary. I -infarction ye-pulmonary ukufa kwesinye sezinhlavu zamaphaphu, okungabangelwa yi-pulmonary embolus uma umthambo ohlinzeka ngamathishu emaphaphu uvinjelwe ngokuphelele yizibopho. Uma sikhulu ngokwanele, i-infarction ye-pulmonary ingase isongele ukuphila.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary. I-hypertension ye-pulmonary isifo esingathí sina sezempilo esingase siphume esibhedlela esikhulu se-pulmonary-noma ku-pulmary pulboary emboli-uma i-clot noma i-clots ikhiqiza isithiyo esingapheli, okuyingxenye yomuthi we-pulmonary.
- Ukufa. Inani lokufa lokungahambisani ne-pulmonary embolus liphakeme kakhulu futhi libikwe liphakeme ngamaphesenti angu-30. I-pulmonary enkulu kakhulu ye-pulmonary embolus ingabangela ukufa okungazelelwe, kodwa ngokuvamile ukufa kufaka phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuxilongwa uma ukwelashwa kungeneli ukuyeka ukuphindaphindiwe kwamapulmoni.
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