Izimbangela Zezinhlobonhlobo Zokuthungatha

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Ukwethuka yikungabikho kokucindezelwa kwegazi

Esikhathini sezokwelashwa - ikakhulukazi izinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo - ukushaqeka kunezincazelo ezintathu: kungaba ukukhishwa kagesi, isimo somzwelo, noma isimo esisongela ukuphila. Ngenhloso yalesi sihloko, sizogxila ezintweni ezingakubulala.

Inkinga Ukugcwalisa ama-Capillaries

Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lokushaqeka, konke kunokujwayelekile: ukushaqeka kukuphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokuthola igazi kuzo zonke izicubu. Ukuze kutholakale ngokwanele (ukufaka ngegazi) izicubu zomzimba, kufanele kube negazi elanele liqhutshelwa nxazonke ohlelweni oluvaliwe (imikhumbi yegazi, kufaka phakathi i-capillaries) enekhono elanele (ukucindezela) ukunyakaza imifino encane yegazi elibomvu ifayela elilodwa elilodwa imibhede ye-capillary.

Enhliziyweni yayo, ukushaqeka ukungabi nokucindezeleka okwanele kwegazi.

Ukucindezeleka kwegazi okunganele

Ukwethuka kunezimbangela eziningi futhi ngezigaba kamuva kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kwegazi. Lapho umzimba ukwazi ukugcina ingcindezi yegazi njengoba nje ukushaqeka kukhula, kwaziwa ngokuthi ukushaqeka okukhokhelwa . Uma ingcindezi yegazi iqala ukuwa, kuba ukushaqeka okungaqinisekisiwe . Ukuphazamiseka okungaqinisekisiwe yisimo esibi esingase sibulale, ikakhulukazi uma singelashwa .

Ukugcina ingcindezi yegazi kuyisimiso se-cardiovascular system, enezinhlangothi ezintathu ezihlukene:

1. I-flu (igazi)
2. Izitsha zokuqukatha (amavridi kanye nemivimbo)
3. Ipump (inhliziyo)

Kunezinhlobo ezine zokuphazamiseka kwezokwelapha, okuvela ekuhlulekeni kwesinye sezingxenye ezintathu zesimiso senhliziyo:

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Hypovolemic

Ukwethuka kwe-hypovolemic kuvela ngenxa yokungabi nalutho kwamanzi egazini. Izitsha zingase zihlale zingasebenzi futhi iphompo isebenza, kodwa amanzi aphansi.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-hypovolemic kungaba ngokuphuma kwegazi ngokuqondile (ukushaqeka okukhulu) noma kokunye ukulahlekelwa kohlobo oluthile. Ukukhipha amandla emzimbeni kuyimbangela evamile ye-hypovolemia, njengoba kunjalo ne-sepsis (eyabangela ukushaqeka okuphazamisayo).

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Ukusakaza

Ukuphazamiseka okuvela emgodini (izindebe zegazi) ukwandisa kakhulu kunani lomkhuhlane ohlelweni. Inani legazi ohlelweni lingase liphansi noma elijwayelekile, kodwa imithwalo yegazi yandisa kakhulu kakhulu ukuze igcine ingcindezi eyanele.

Ukushaqeka okuvame ukuvame ukuvela ezitsheni ezihlanjululwa ngenxa yokuhluleka kokukhulumisana nobuchopho (ukushaywa kwe-neurogenic ukulimala komgogodla, isibonelo) noma ukukhululwa kwe-histamines ( ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic ).

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I-cardiogenic

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-cardiogenic kungokwesepompo. Lapho inhliziyo ihluleka, njengokuhlukunyezwa kwenhliziyo , ukushaqeka kwamagciwane kungumphumela.

Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukuhlushwa yisibonelo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukuhlushwa kungukuthi igazi libuyele emzimbeni noma emaphashini ngenxa yecala elilodwa lenhliziyo elimele kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo. Uhlangothi oluhle lwenhliziyo luqhuma ngejubane eligcwele ngenkathi uhlangothi olonakalisiwe lungakwazi ukuqhubeka futhi umfutho wegazi uhlupheka ngenxa yalokho.

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Ukuvimbela

Ukwethuka okuvimbelayo yisibonelo esikhethekile. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuvinjelwe amandla angaphandle.

Esinye sezibonelo ezivame kakhulu zokuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo kuvela ku- pneumothorax yokuphazamiseka (okubizwa nangokuthi iphaphu elahlekile ). Umoya uqoqa esifubeni ngaphandle kwamaphaphu bese ubeka ingcindezi enhliziyweni nakweminye imikhumbi. Njengoba ingcindezi ikhula, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa ngokwanele nokugeleza kwegazi kuvinjelwe ngokusebenzisa izitsha ezifakiwe.

Esinye isibonelo esivamile sokuphazamiseka okuvimbelayo kuvela ku-tamponade ye-pericardial. I-sac ejikeleze inhliziyo (i-pericardium) igibela igazi phakathi kwayo nenhliziyo ngaphakathi kwayo. Igazi eliboshiwe liqala ukucindezela enhliziyweni bese liwukhuniza kanzima ngokwanele ukuhamba kancane kwegazi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlobo ze-Shock

Ezinye izinhlobo zokwethuka zihlanganisa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zezigaba ngenhla. Ukwesatshiswa kwe-Septic yisifo esingenayo nje kuphela ekukhuculeni amanzi (hypovolemic) kodwa futhi ekukhunjweni kwesitsha (ukusakaza).

I-trauma esifubeni ngokuvamile ayibangeli nje ukucindezeleka kwe-pneumothorax (okuvimbelayo) kepha futhi nokugaya kakhulu (i-hypovolemic noma, uma ukhetha ukucacisa kakhulu, ukushaqeka okukhulu).

Hypoperfusion

I-Hypoperfusion yigama elingavamile lezokwelapha abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo abasebenzisa ukuhlukanisa isimo sezokwelapha sokwethuka esimweni somzwelo. I-Hypoperfusion ibhekisela ekunciphiseni kwegazi kwezokudabuka kwezokwelapha.