Indlela I-Neurologists Ebeka Ngayo Izijeziso Ezivamile
Ukuze unqume imbangela yesifo, ngakho-ke, ukhetho olungcono kakhulu lwezokwelapha, kubalulekile ukwazi uhlobo lokuthuthumela okwenayo. Ake sibheke ukuthi ukuthuthumela kuhlukaniswa kanjani ngezigaba ezahlukene, kanye namanye amagama asetshenziselwa ukuchaza izici zezinhlamba ezahlukene.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinkathazo
Uma uhlola umuntu othuthumela njengokwenyuka komunwe noma ukuthuthumela kwamandla, isazi sezinzwa sizobuza imibuzo ngokuthi yini eyenza ukuthuthumela kungcono noma kubi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani emndenini uye waba nokuzamazama noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezingase zihlinzekele izizathu mayelana nombangela.
Ukusebenzisa lo mlando, futhi ngemva kokwenza ukuhlolwa kwangokwenyama, izazi zezinzwa zizosebenzisa lonke ulwazi abaqoqile ukuze ziveze esinye sezigaba eziningana. Isigaba ngasinye sihlotshaniswa nezinhlobonhlobo zezifo, ngakho-ke sihlobene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa.
Ukwenza lezi zigaba zilula ukuqonda, ake siqale sicacise ezinye zegama elingasetshenziswa lapha.
Ukuchaza ukuHlonipha
Kunamagama ambalwa asetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukuthuthumela. Eziningi zalezi zincike ekutheni izenzo (ukunyakaza) zenza ukuzamazama kudlulele.
- Ukuqeda ukuthuthumela - Ukuthuthumela okwamanje
- Ukuzamazama kwesenzo- Ukuzamazama okuvela lapho ingxenye yenyama ishukunyiswa
- Ukuzamazama kwenhloso - Ukuzamazama kwenhloso kuyenzeka nangokunyakaza kodwa kubi kakhulu uma usondela eduze kwelitshe
- Ukuzamazama kwe-Kinetic - Ukuthuthumela okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokunyakaza ngokuzithandela
- Izicubu eziqondene nomsebenzi - Izihlamba ezenzeka kuphela ngezenzo ezithile
- Ukuzamazama kwe-Isometric - Ukuthuthumela okukwenzeka lapho ingxenye yomzimba ingahambi kodwa imizimba iyashukela. Lesi sibonelo esivame ukusetshenziselwa ukugubha izingalo zakho ngesikhathi sokucindezela lapho isikhundla sakho siphethwe.
- Ukuzamazama kwe-Postural - Ukuthuthumela okwenzeka lapho ingxenye yomzimba iqhutshwa ngokumelene nodlame (ibambe izingalo zakho ngqo phambi kwakho)
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinkathazo Kuzigaba
Ukuba uhlobo lwakho lokuthuthumela oluhlelwe kahle lungakusiza ukuthola uhlobo olulungile lokwelashwa kwesimo sakho. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesibindi kunjengokulandelayo:
Ukugubha kwePhysiologic
Wonke umuntu unentuthuko ye-physiologic, nakuba ngokuvamile engabonakali kakhulu. Lokhu kungukudabuka okungenzeka ukuthi uye waphawula lapho ubambe isandla sakho ngeminwe enwetshiwe. Kungase kubonakale ngokwengeziwe (ngaleyo ndlela ibe "ukuzamazama komzimba okuthuthukisiwe") ngenxa yokukhathazeka, ukukhathala, ukuvuselela okufana ne-caffeine, umkhuhlane, ukuhoxiswa utshwala, ushukela ophansi wegazi, imithi ethile, nokuningi. Ukuzamazama komzimba okuthuthukisiwe kudlula lapho imbangela ebalulekile ilungiswa.
Ukubaluleka Okubalulekile
Ukuthuthumela okubalulekile kuyinkinga evamile, ethinta cishe amaphesenti amahlanu abantu. Lokhu kuthuthumela kuyaqhubeka kancane kancane futhi ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40. Izandla zivame ukuthinteka kakhulu. Ukuzamazama kuyinto ukuzamazama komhlaba , okusho ukuthi kuvelele kakhulu noma nini lapho umuntu ezama ukusebenzisa izandla zakhe ukwenza okuthile. Njengoba ukuzamazama kwenzeka lapho wenza izinto, kungabangela izinkinga ezicasulayo ezifana nokuchitha ikhofi nokulimala.
Ukuzamazama nakho kubi kakhulu ngokuzizwa, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathala ngokomzimba, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuthuthukisa emva kokuphuza utshwala obuncane.
Ukuthuthumela okubalulekile kuvame ukugijima emindenini, kodwa akukho gesi esisodwa esitholiwe ukuchaza lesi sifo. Ingxenye yobuchopho ehilelekile ekudumeni okubalulekile akuqinisekile, nakuba abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-cerebellum noma i-thalamus ihilelekile.
Akudingeki njalo ukuphatha ukuzamazama okubalulekile ngemithi. Uma imithi isetshenziswa, i-propranolol (i- beta-blocker ) ne-primidone yizo zokwelashwa ezamukelwa kakhulu. Yiqiniso, ayikho imithi engenamiphumela emibi, kanti izingozi ezingase zibe khona kumele zibhekwe ngezinzuzo ezikhona zokuthatha noma yimiphi imithi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokubhekana nokuphatha ukuzamazama okubalulekile .
Ukugubha kwe-Parkinsonian
Ukuthuthumela kwe-Parkinsonian kubonakala kakhulu lapho izandla ziphumula. Lokhu kuye kwachazwa ngokuthi ukuzamazama kwamaphilisi " kusukela ekubukeni kweklasi njengokungathi iphilisi igoqwe phakathi kwesithupha nezithupha zomzimba. Imilenze, isitho, nomzimba ingabandakanyeka. Njengokunye ukuzamazama komhlaba, ukuzamazama kwe-Parkinsonian kungadala ukucindezeleka. Naphezu kwegama, ukuzamazama kwe-Parkinson akubangelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi yisifo sikaParkinson, kodwa kungabangela nezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi- neurodeergenerative , izidakamizwa, izifo, kanye nobuthe. Uma ukuzamazama kubangelwa yisifo sikaParkinson, kuvame ukuqala ngaphezulu kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kunolunye.
Uma imbangela yokuzamazama kwe-Parkinson yisifo sikaParkinson, singaphendula kahle ku-levodopa noma eminye imithi ye-dopaminergic . Amanye amathuba afaka i-amantadine ne-anticholinergic izidakamizwa.
I-Dystonic Tremor
I-Dystonia iyinkinga yokunyakaza lapho inkontileka yemisipha ingabandakanyeki khona, okwenza ukuma okungajwayelekile okungaba buhlungu. Ukuzamazama kungase kubonise umzamo wokulungisa ukungaqabuki kwemisipha engavamile ehluleka ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokuzamazama, ukuhamba noma ukubamba umzimba ngendlela ethize kungase kwandezele ukuthuthumela okukhulu kwe-dystonic. Ukuzamazama kungase kuthuthuke ngokuphumula noma ngokuthinta ingxenye yomzimba (ngokuvamile kodwa hhayi njalo ingxenye ethintekayo yi-dystonia).
Ukwelapha i-dystonia , kanye nokuzamazama okuhambisanayo, kuvame ukwenza ngejojo ye-botulinum ye-toxin emisiwe. Imithi ye-Clonazepam noma i-anticholinergic ingase ibe usizo.
I-Cerebellar ne-Rubral Tremors
Ukuthuthumela kokudala kwe-cerebellar kuyinhlangano yokuthuthumela okusho ukuthi ivelele kakhulu ngesikhathi isenzo sokubambisana njengokususa inkinobho. Ukuzamazama kuyoba kubi kakhulu uma umunwe usanda kufinyelela ekuhlosweni kwawo. Njengoba igama libonisa, ukuthuthumela kwe-cerebellar kubangelwa umonakalo ku-cerebellum noma izindlela zayo ku-brainstem.
Ukuthuthumela okukhulu kweRubral kuyinhlangano encane ejwayelekile yokuthuthumela kwe-cerebellar. Iphuza, inkulu ku-amplitude, futhi ingenzeka kuzo zonke izinkomba. Ngeshwa, ayikho imithi elula yokuthuthumela kwe-cerebellar. Uma kungenzeka, imbangela ebalulekile kufanele iqondiswe.
Ukugubha kwe-Orthostatic
Ekudumeni kwe-orthostatic, imilenze nesiqu kuqala ukuthuthumela ngokushesha ngemva kokuma. Umuntu onokuthuthumela nge-orthostatic angase angaboni ukuthuthumela okukhulu njengokungaqiniseki ngemva kokuma. Ithuthukisa ngokushesha lapho umuntu ehlezi phansi. Ukwelashwa kungaba nge-clonazepam noma i-primidone.
Ukugubha kwe-Psychogenic
Njengazinye izifo zengqondo (izingqinamba ze-psychosomatic), ukuzamazama kwengqondo kuyisifo sokuxilongwa, okusho ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zokuthuthumela kumele zifakwe ngaphandle. Ukuzamazama kwengqondo kungase kuthiwe ngokuthi ukuzamazama okusebenzayo. Izinkomba zokuthi ukuthuthumela kungokwengqondo kuhlanganisa ukuzamazama kokunyamalala lapho umuntu ephazamiseka, ukuzamazama okuvela ngokuzumayo emva kwesigameko esicindezelayo noma izinguquko eziningi futhi ezingenakucaciswa emzimbeni womzimba ophazamiseke ukuzamazama. Ezinye izimpawu zokuguquka kwesifo noma ukugula ngengqondo kungasiza futhi ekutholeni ukuzamazama kwengqondo.
Ukufuna Ukwelashwa
Kuzo zonke izimo zokuzamazama, okufaka ukuzamazama kwengqondo, ukugxila okuyinhloko kufanele kube ekuphatheni noma yikuphi ukugula okusemandleni, kunokuba nje ukwelapha uphawu (ukuzamazama).
Ukwelapha umzimba kungasiza ekuthumeni kanye.
Ezimweni lapho ukwelapha ngokwezokwelapha nangokwenyama kungakwaneli, futhi ukuzamazama kuhlale kunomthelela omubi kakhulu, okungajwayelekile, njengokuhlinzwa kobuchopho noma ukukhushulwa kobuchopho obujulile , kungacatshangelwa. Njengenjwayelo, ukhetho lwezokwelapha kufanele luxoxwe kabanzi nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa.
Imithombo
- Espay, A., Lang, A., Erro, R. et al. Izigameko ezibalulekile "Okubalulekile" Ukuthuka. Izinkinga zokuhamba . 32 (3): 325-331.
- Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Izimiso zikaHarrison zeMithi yangaphakathi. I-New York: Imfundo ye-Mc Graw-Hill, 2015. Phrinta.
- UPandey, S., noN. Sarma. Ukuthuthumela eDystonia. I-Parkinsonism Nezifo Ezihlobeneyo . 2016. 29: 3-9.
- Schwingenschuh, P., noG. Deuschl. Ukugubha Okusebenzayo. I-Handbook ye-Neurology yezokwelapha . 2017. 139: 229-233.