Ukuhlukaniswa Kusiza Ukwelapha Okuqondile Nokubikezela Ukusinda
Kunezigaba ezinhlanu zomdlavuza we- colon , oqokiwe kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-4, ongabonakali kuphela ubukhulu besifo kepha usize ukuqondisa inkambo yokwelapha.
Umdlavuza we-colon wesi-3 ubizwa ngokucacile yizici ze-tumor nokusabalalisa (i- metastasis ) yomdlavuza kusukela ku-tumori yokuqala (eyinhloko) kuya emantanjeni eseduze aseduze. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngesifo somdlavuza wesigaba 2 , lesi sifo sihlala sibhekene nodonga lwamathumbu, kanti isigaba 4 sihilela ukusakazwa komdlavuza ezithombeni ezikude.
Indlela Igciwane LaseKoloni Elihlelwe Ngayo
Kube khona amamodeli amaningana ajwayelekile asetshenziselwa isigaba somdlavuza, njengokwezigaba zikaDuke ngokugcwele kwaqala ngawo-1930 kanti ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Asler-Coller kwaqala ngawo-1950. Namuhla, bobabili baye baxhaswa ngezigaba ze-TNM ezenza umdlavuza ngezici ezintathu:
- Isilinganiso esiswini ("T") esiye sahlasela udonga lwamathumbu
- Izinga lokubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node ("N")
- I-degree yemetastasis ("M")
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela isigaba somdlavuza 3 sichazwa yizo zombili izilonda kanye ne-tumor ngokwayo, kuzoba ne-sub-classification eyengeziwe ngokusekelwe kulezi zici, ezikhethwe njenge-A, B, noma iC.
I-Lymph Nodes ku-Stage Cancer
Imizimba yethu inehlelo lymphatic elinezilonda zelphm kanye namagciwane lymph . Njengengxenye yokuzivikela komzimba, uhlelo lwe-lymphatic luqoqa imfucuza kanye nezifo (njengama-virus namagciwane) ezinhlakeni ngaphandle kwendlela yokujikeleza .
Izitsha ze-lymph zifana nemithambo yegazi, kodwa, esikhundleni sokuthwala igazi, zithwala imvula ecacile, yamanzi ebizwa ngokuthi i-lymph. I-lymph isiza ukuthutha imfucuza kanye nezifo ezifuywayo kuma-lymph nodes ezicebile nge- lymphocytes (uhlobo lwe-immune cell). Lawa maseli asiza ekunciphiseni noma iyiphi i-agent edala isifo futhi ayiphume ngokuphumelelayo emzimbeni.
Ngomdlavuza wekoloni, noma yiliphi iseli elibi elibalekela isisu esiyinhloko singaqoqwa yi-lymph bese sithunyelwa ku-node eseduzane. Uma kwenzeka i-metastasis, yilapho ubufakazi buzobonwa khona kuqala. Yilezi zici zisiza ukusungula isigaba sesifo kanye nomphumela okungenzeka.
Ukugcoba Izici ezitholakala ku-Stage Cancer
Esikhathini sohlelo lokuhlelwa kwe-TNM, umdlavuza wesigaba se-colon 3 ukhonjiswe nakakhulu lapho i-tumor ikhona noma emdongeni wamathumbu. Lokhu kwehlelwa phansi ngezigaba ezine:
- I-T1 isho ukuthi lesi sifo siye sangena embranini ye-mucosal yangodonga lwangaphakathi lomathumbu.
- I-T2 isho ukuthi i-tumor isakaze emisipha engezansi.
- I-T3 isho ukuthi lesi sifo sesifinyelele emisipha kodwa hhayi odongeni lwangaphakathi lomathumbu.
- I-T4 isho ukuthi udonga lwangaphandle lufakiwe.
Ukuqokwa kwesigaba se-Cancer Colon 3
Uma isisombululo sokubandakanya i-lymph node nezici ze-tumor sisungulwa, udokotela we-cancer ( oncologist ) uzohlukanisa isigaba sesifo kanje:
- Isigaba sesi-3A sisho ukuthi i-lymph node emithathu eseduzane ihileleke ngezimpawu ze-T1 noma ze-T2.
- Isigaba sesi-3B sisho ukuthi i-lymph node eseduze nendawo emithathu ihileleke ngezimpawu ze-T3 noma ze-T4.
- Isigaba 3C sisho ukuthi ama-lymph nodes amane noma ngaphezulu ahilelekile ahilelekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuhlukaniswa kwesisu.
Ukwelashwa kwesigaba se-3 Colon Cancer
Ukwelashwa kwesifo somdlavuza we-colon wesi-3 ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukususwa okuhlinzekwayo (ukuguqulwa) kwezicubu ezithintekile, okulandelwa yi-chemotherapy. Ekuhlinzekeni okuhlinzekwayo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa ingxenye yekoloni ethintekile yi-tumor futhi ujoyine izinhloso ezisele ndawonye. Ama-lymph nodes aseduze nawo azosuswa,
I-Chemotherapy izovame ukubandakanya uhlobo lwe-FOLFOX (olune-folinic acid, leucovorin, ne-oxaliplatin) noma uhlobo lwe-CapeOx (equkethe capecitabine ne-oxaliplatin).
Amanye ama-regimens aguquliwe anganconywa ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho kanye / noma isimo sezempilo. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kanye / noma i-chemotherapy ingasetshenziselwa abantu abangenempilo ngokwanele yokuhlinzwa.
Izwi elivela
Ngokusho kweMelika Cancer Society, isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda kwabantu ababhekene nesifo somdlavuza we-colon 3A ngamaphesenti angu-89, kanti amazinga ezinyathelo ze-3B no-3C ngamaphesenti angu-63 namaphesenti angu-59 ngokulandelana.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lezi zibalo azitholakali ngamatshe.Ngomqondo womuntu ngamunye, abantu abanomdlavuza wekoloni yesigaba 3 baziwa ukuthi bahlala iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokuxoxwa noma ukunciphisa izinga lokuphila.
Ngokuthatha isenzo, ukwakha inethiwekhi yokusekela eqinile , nokuthatha izinto ngesinye isikhathi, unamathuba amaningi okushaya umdlavuza wekoloni kunanoma ubani omunye. Gcina ugxile futhi ugcine ukholo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. "Izigaba zeCrorectal Cancer". I-Atlanta, Georgia, ibuyekezwe ngoDisemba 11, 2017.
> I-American Cancer Society. "Iyini Ingqikithi Yokusinda Ngomdlavuza We-Colorectal, ngesigaba?" I-Atlanta, Georgia; ibuyekeziwe ngoMashi 2, 2017.