Izinkampani eziningi ezijwayelekile zezokwelapha
Odokotela bahlukaniswe ngezici ezihlukahlukene ezibandakanya ukukhethekile kwezokwelapha, noma isiguli sesiguli. Funda kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zodokotela ongaba nazo.
Ukwelashwa Okuyinhloko - Ukwelashwa Komndeni
Imithi yomndeni ingenye yezindlela zokukhetha odokotela bokunakekelwa okuyinhloko. Abadokotela abenza umndeni babona iziguli zonyaka wonke futhi banikeze ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ezivamile.
Ukwelashwa Okuyisisekelo - Imithi Yangaphakathi
Abafundi bangaphakathi nabo banganikeza ukunakekelwa okuyinhloko, noma bangakwazi futhi ukugxila kwezinye izindawo ezihlukahlukene ezifana ne-gastroenterology noma i-endocrinology, ukubiza ezimbalwa ezincane ezikhethekile.
Abafundi bangaphakathi bavame ukuqeqeshwa okungaphezulu kwesibhedlela kunabasebenzi bomndeni, futhi abaqeqeshi abajwayelekile abavamile ukubona izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Isibhedlela
Izibhedlela zibona iziguli esibhedlela kuphela. Abaningi esibhedlela basogqirha abaqeqeshwe ngemithi yangaphakathi kodwana bakhetha umsebenzi wesibhedlela ngaphezu kokunakekelwa okuyinhloko okusekelwe emtholampilo. Abanye esibhedlela bangase baqeqeshwe emisebenzini yomndeni, kodwa lokho akuvamile.
Udokotela ohlinzayo
Abahlinzayo bangaphinde baqeqeshwe ngokuhlinzwa jikelele, noma izinhlobo eziningi ezikhethekile zokuhlinza ezifana nokuhlinzwa kwamathambo, ukuhlinzeka ngegazi noma ukuhlinzeka inhliziyo. Abahlinzayo bachitha isikhathi esiningi ekamelweni lokusebenza esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokuhlinzeka ngeziguli. Ukuqeqeshwa ukuba udokotela ohlinzayo kuvame ukuhlala iminyaka eminingana kunokunakekelwa okuyinhloko nezinye izici ezikhethekile zezokwelapha.
I-cardiologist (i-Sub-Specialty Medicine Internal)
I-cardiology ingenye yezinto eziningi ezingaphansi kwamakhono omuthi wangaphakathi. I-cardiologists igxila ekwelapheni kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yesimiso senhliziyo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zezinhliziyo ze-cardiologists, ezigxile ezicini ezihlukahlukene zensimu. Ukuqeqeshwa ukuba ngumzimba wezinhliziyo kuningi kakhulu, njengoba sekudingeka iminyaka eminingi yokuhlangana ngemva kokuqeda iminyaka emithathu yokuhlala emithi. Ngakho-ke, okungenani iminyaka eyisithupha yokuhlala kanye nokuhlangana ngemva kwesikole sezokwelapha kubonakala ku-cardiologists ekuqeqesheni.
Dermatologist
I-Dermatology ingenye yezinkambu zokuncintisana kakhulu odokotela. Ngokuvamile, kuphela abafundi bezokwelapha abaphezulu kakhulu abamukelwa ezinkambisweni zokuhlala zesidumbu. Kungani isifiso sezinambuzane? Ngoba ama-dermatologists ahlawuliswa kahle kakhulu (ngenxa yezinqubo zokukhetha izinkokhelo nokukhokha imali ezifana ne-botox, ukushayisana nokuningi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi yokuphila ihle kakhulu, ngokungabi nesikhathi esingekho ngesikhathi sokubiza esidingekayo ngenxa yemvelo yomsebenzi.
I-endocrinologist (i-Sub-Specialty Medicine Internal)
I-endocrinologist yiphathe uhlelo lwe-endocrine: ama-glands akhiqiza futhi ahlanganisa ama-hormone alawula futhi alawula cishe yonke imisebenzi yomzimba. Izifo zesifo sikashukela zivame ukuphathwa yi-endocrinologist, njengoba iziguli ezinezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ze -roid.
I-Gastroenterologist (I-Special-Special Medicine Yangaphakathi)
I-Gastroenterologists iphatha uhlelo lokugaya. Le nsimu idonsa odokotela abajabulela ukwenza izinqubo, kodwa futhi bayakujabulela ukubona iziguli endaweni yokugulisa iziguli.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo (Ukuzikhethela okuncane kweMithi yangaphakathi)
Izifo ezithathelwanayo odokotela bebelokhu bematasa kakhulu, bebhekene ne-swine flu, bird flu, kanye ne-HIV / AIDS, phakathi kwezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Izifo ezithathelwanayo odokotela bangase bazenzele imithi yokwelapha yangaphakathi ngokuyinhloko ngaphezu kweziguli zabo ezithathelwanayo, kuye ngezidingo zomphakathi noma umqashi.
Isazi se-Nephrologist (I-Sub-Specialty Medicine Internal)
Ama-Nephrologists ahlola ukwelashwa kwangaphakathi bese eseceleni kwe-nephrology ngeminye iminyaka engama-2-3 yokuqeqeshwa kobudlelwane. Ama-Nephrologists aphatha isifo sezinso futhi anikeze i-dialyysis labo ababhekana nokuhluleka kwezinso.
I-ophthalmologist
Ophthalmologists bangodokotela bezokwelapha abaphatha izifo noma ukuphazamiseka kwamehlo futhi benze ukuhlinzwa kweso. Ukulungiswa kombono okungeke kuthathwe yi-optometrist kungaphathwa yi-ophthalmologist.
Isifo somzimba / isazi sezinzwa (OB / Gyn)
I-OB / Gyns inikeza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwabesifazane kubandakanya ukunakekelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye nokuhlinzwa kwezigameko zokuzala ukulungisa ukungajwayelekile noma ukususa amagciwane.
Otolaryngologist
I-otolaryngologists, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-otorhinolaryngologists, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-ENTs, ebizwa ngokuthi "indlebe, impumu, nomphimbo." I-Otolaryngology enye insimu ehlanganisa inhlanganisela yamakhono okuhlinza kanye nemithi yokwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa okusekelwe ehhovisi. I-ENTs ihlanganisa izinkinga eziningi ezivela ezinkingeni ze-sinus, izifo zomzimba, izinkinga zekhanda nezinduku, nokuningi. Ngakho-ke, odokotela abaningi bangaphansi kwendawo ethile ye-otolaryngology. Noma kunjalo, ukufunwa kwamanje kungenxa yama-otolaryngologists amaningi ajwayelekile ngokumelene nama-sub-specialized.
Udokotela wezingane
Kumelwe uthande ngempela izingane ukuba ube ngodokotela wezingane. Izingane zitholela iziguli ezincane kuphela, kusukela ngiseyingane eneminyaka engama-18, noma ngezinye izikhathi ziphakeme kakhulu kuneminyaka engama-21. Odokotela bezingane zinikeza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuyinhloko ezinganeni kubandakanya ukugoma, ukuhlolwa kwezingane kanye nama-physicals esikoleni, nokwelashwa kokukhwehlela nokubandayo, phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi . Iziguli ezigula kakhulu noma eziyinkimbinkimbi zingase zihanjiswe kudokotela ochwepheshe bezingane ukuze zithole ukwelashwa okukhethekile.
I-pulmonologist (i-Sub-Specialty of Medicine Internal)
Amapulmonologists aphatha uhlelo lokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi amaphaphu. Ama-pulmonologists avame ukutadisha imithi yokunakekelwa okubucayi ngokuhambisana nezifo ze-pulmonary, ngakho-ke angasebenza njenge-intensivists (ehlanganisa i-ICU) esibhedlela, ngaphezu kokubona iziguli endaweni ehlelwe ehhovisi ukuphatha izinkinga neziphuluphu zamaphaphu.
I-Psychiatrist
Isazi sengqondo sithinta impilo yengqondo nenhlalakahle yesiguli. Ama-Psychiatrists angase abe namahhovisi, asekelwe esibhedlela, noma inhlanganisela yalo. Iningi labagula ngengqondo lithanda ukuqhuba indawo ehhovisi. Abanye abasebenza ngengqondo bangase bagxile ekuzileni kwengqondo kwengane kanye nentsha, noma ekudleni kwemithi.