Amakhono, Imfundo, Nokuzijwayeza
Udokotela wesifo esithathelwanayo udokotela wezokwelapha wangaphakathi oqedela ukuqeqesha okwanele ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokukhethekile ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nokwelashwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona i-movie noma idokhumenti odokotela abaphenya ukuqubuka kwesifo se-killer noma i- pathogen engaziwa. Leli yindlela eyodwa nje kuphela yokuthi udokotela ogulayo asebenzisa amakhono akhe.
Abaningi balaba odokotela basebenza ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo ukuze basize abantu abaye bathola izifo ezithathelwanayo ezivamile.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo
Izifo ezithathelwanayo yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, isikhunta noma ama-parasite. Ungase uvezwe kulezi zinhlobo eziphilayo, njengamanzi, noma zingadluliselwa omunye umuntu noma isilwane. Esinye sezibonelo ezivame kakhulu zezifo ezithathelwanayo ngumkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) . Izifo ezithathelwanayo zihlanganisa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) njenge- HIV / AIDS . Uma zidluliselwa ezilwaneni kuya kubantu, zibizwa ngokuthi izifo zoonotic.
Nakuba ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo ziba yingculazi, zisakazeka kulo lonke labantu, eziningi zenzeka ngesilinganiso esivamile, esaziwa ngokuthi siphelile. Izindawo zokukhathazeka okukhulayo zinezifo ezitholakale esibhedlela nezinhlobo eziphikisana namagciwane.
Ukuba Isifo Sokugula Esithathelwanayo
Ukuze ube udokotela wesifo esithathelwanayo, kumele uqale uqedele inqubo yokuba udokotela wangaphakathi wezokwelapha, noma u-internist.
Lokho kudinga i-degree bachelor degree, elandelwa iminyaka emine yesikole sezokwelapha. Le mfundo inzima kakhulu kwisayensi, ikakhulukazi i-biology ne-chemistry. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzoba nokuhlala iminyaka emi-3 emithini yangaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba ufaneleke ukuba yi-board-eqinisekisiwe emithi yangaphakathi .
Umqeqeshi we-internist angase agcwalise uhlelo olwengeziwe lokuqeqesha izinhlangano (iminyaka emibili kuya kwemibili ubude) ezifweni ezithathelwanayo futhi abe yibhodi-eqinisekisiwe ezifweni ezithathelwanayo.
Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi ye-AMA, kunezinhlelo ezingu-144 zokuthelelana ngezifo ezithathelwanayo ezweni lonke. Ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo odokotela bangase bakhethe ukugxila ngokukhethekile, ngokugxila kwesifo esisodwa noma uhlobo lwezifo ezithathelwanayo, njenge-HIV / AIDS.
Yisiphi Isifo Esithathelwanayo Sogciwane
Izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo odokotela basebenzela izibhedlela noma izikhungo zezokwelapha. Abaningi babona iziguli emtholampilo noma izilungiselelo zokuphulukisa iziguli, kanti abanye basebenza ezindaweni zokucwaninga. Ochwepheshe bezifo ezithathelwanayo bayasiza ekuboneni nasekuphatheni iziguli ezithintekile. Basiza ekulandeleni nasekubikeni kokusabalalisa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ngokugcina ukuxhumana okujulile nabaqeqeshi bezempilo be-CDC kanye nezinye izinhlangano zempilo yomphakathi.
Isifo sesifo esithathelwanayo sizovame ukuba neziguli ezibhekiswe kuye ngabanye odokotela uma iziguli zinesifo esicindezelayo noma esiyinkimbinkimbi yokwelapha. Basebenzisa izivivinyo ezifana namasiko e-laboratory, amaphrofayili okuzwela ukuzwela, ama-antibody, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezakhi zofuzo ukusiza ekutholeni imbangela yalesi sifo nokuthi yimiphi imithi kanye nezinqubo ezizodingeka ukuyiphatha.
Isifo esithathelwanayo singase silandele isiguli esibhekiswe kulo lonke uhlobo lokugula.
Labo abasebenza ngokucophelela ekunakekelweni ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi nengculaza bayoba yingxenye ebalulekile yeqembu labahlengikazi bezempilo.
Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo odokotela bayaziqonda izifo ze-epidemiology, futhi ingxenye yomsebenzi uphenya lapho izifo zivela khona nokuthi zisakazeka kanjani. Bangase benze lo msebenzi esikhungweni sezokwelapha ukuze basize ukuvimbela izifo ezitholakale esibhedlela futhi babone ukusabalala kwezifo emphakathini. Noma, bangase baqashwe inhlangano yezempilo yomphakathi noma i-CDC futhi babe ne-epidemiology njengengqondo evelele kakhulu yomkhuba wabo.