I-criteria yokuhlonza i- autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ayifaki ukukhathazeka kwemizwelo njengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo okucindezelayo. Kodwa abantu abaningi abane-ASD baxakeke yizifo zengqondo, mhlawumbe ngisho nangaphezu kwezimpawu ze-autism ngokwayo.
Isibonelo, ngokusho kwe-non-profit Autism Ikhuluma: "Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi amaphesenti angama-27 alabo abane-autism nabo banezibonakaliso zokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukusabalala kwayo kubantu abaningi kubhekene namaphesenti angu-4. "
Esinye isici sithi, "Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-autism inokwabelana ngezifo eziningana zezifo eziyinhloko zempilo yengqondo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukungabi nalutho nokuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo (ADHD), ukucindezeleka, ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar, kanye ne-schizophrenia. Okunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yezingane i-autism itholakale inesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kwengqondo. Okuvamile kuhlanganisa ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo okucindezelayo (OCD) ne-ADHD. "
Ingabe Izibalo Eziqondile?
Ngenkathi lezi zinombolo zihamba phambili, zingase zingabi nenembile ngempela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eziningi zezimpawu ze-autism, njengezintandokazi zokuhlala zodwa, izimpendulo ezinamandla ngokungajwayelekile ekufakweni kwezinzwa, izinselele zokuxhumana zenhlalo, namaphethini okukhuluma nge-idiosyncratic, kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile kwesifo sengqondo. Yebo, isibonelo, abantu abane-autism bangase bakhulume ngokushesha noma bazikhulume, kodwa ingabe lokho kuyisiqephu sesiqephu somuntu, noma nje ukubonakaliswa kwe-autism?
Kungaba nzima ukuba umuntu we-autistic aveze imizwelo yakhe ngendlela evamile. Isibonelo, abantu abane-autistic (ngisho nabantu abasebenza kakhulu kakhulu) banomthwalo omkhulu kakhulu wokuba nokudabuka ngokomzwelo kunokwenkolo yabo ejwayelekile. Kodwa ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi empeleni bahlangabezana nemizwelo emibi kakhulu?
Impendulo ayisobala ngaso sonke isikhathi, okwenza kube nzima ukufika ngokulinganisa okunembile ngempela kwesigameko sezinkinga zemizwelo phakathi kwabantu abakuleli.
Izizathu Ezenzekayo Zokuphazamiseka Kwemimoya
Uma ucabanga ukuthi kunezinga eliphakeme lokukhathazeka kwemizwelo phakathi kwabantu abaku-autistic, incazelo eyodwa ecacile kungenzeka ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kokuphila kwabantu abane-autism kuholele ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazeni. Abantu abane-autism babhekana nosuku ngalunye ngokukhululeka okukhulu, ukulahlwa kwezenhlalakahle, ukuhleka, ukuxhaphaza, kanye nokunye okunye okubhekene nazo, okungukuthi, ukulinganiswa komuntu, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka okukhiqizayo.
Futhi ngempela, ochwepheshe uDkt. Tony Attwood noDkt. Judy Reaven bayavuma ukuthi i-Asperger syndrome (ebizwa nangokuthi i-autism ephezulu isebenza kahle) ingadala ukuphila okucindezelayo, okuholela ekuhluphekeni kwemizwelo.
Kodwa kungase kube nokuningi kuwo.
Ngokusho kukaDkt. Attwood, oyedwa wezazi zomhlaba we-Asperger syndrome, ukuqonda nokulawulwa kwemizwelo ngempela kuyisici esiyinhloko se-AS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uthi, "Manje sinobufakazi be-neurophysiological bokuthi i-amygdala [ingxenye yengqondo] ihlukile, futhi ihileleke ekulawuleni imizwelo ... [I-Asperger syndrome] i-genetics ne-physiology ihlangana ndawonye; ne-AS ibe nesifo sengqondo sesibili esinjengokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, kanye / noma intukuthelo. "
UDkt. Judith Reaven waseYunivesithi yaseColorado eDenver Health Sciences Center uqinisekisa ukuthi izingane ezine-autism-disorders, ngokuvamile, zisengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka. "Abahlengikazi nabacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi asibheki nje kuphela izimo zokucindezeleka okwedlulele, kodwa izimpawu zokukhathazeka kwangempela kulezi zinkinga," esho. "Le nsimu entsha ngaphandle kwemininingwane eningi okwamanje, kodwa kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi lezi zimpawu zokukhathazeka nezinkinga azihlobene nje nokuba ne-autism noma nje ngoba abantu abane-autism disorders bahlushwa ukuxhashazwa, ukuhleka, njll. ., kodwa lezi zimpawu zikhula kakhulu ngendlela efanayo ukukhathazeka okuvela kubantu abaningi - ngenxa yemvelo, izinto eziphilayo.
Sikholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso ngoba ezinye zezimpawu zokukhathazeka esizibonayo ziyizibonelo ezicacile zezinkathazo ezithile nama-phobias, noma izimpawu ze-OCD zakudala, noma izimpawu zokukhathazeka ezivamile, esizizwa singenakuchazwa ngokucindezeleka okwedlulele yedwa. "
Imithombo:
Ukuxoxisana noDkt. Anthony Attwood, Umcwaningi, Umbhali, kanye noProfesa ohlanganyene e-Griffith University eQueensland, e-Australia. May 2007.
Ingxoxo noDkt Judith Reaven, uMqondisi weMitholampilo ye-Autism and Developmental Disorders, JFK Partners, University of Colorado eDenver Health Sciences Centre. May 2007.
Juranek J, Filipek PA, Berenji GR, Modahl C, Osann K, Spence MA. Umphakathi Phakathi kuka-Amygdala Umqulu Nendawo Yokukhathazeka: Ukufundwa Kwemagnetic Resonance (MRI) Study in Autistic Children. J Child Neurol. 2006 Dec; 21 (12): 1051-8.