Izinto 10 Okudingeka Uzazi Nge-Autism Nokuqashwa

Ukuhlela kanye nezinsiza zokuphumelela

Ngokomlando, kuye kwaba nzima kakhulu kubantu abane-autism ukuthola umsebenzi ovamile, okhokhelwayo. Ngenkathi lokho kusekhona nakwezinye izimo, izikhathi ziyashintsha ukuze zibe ngcono. Izinkampani eziningi ezibona izinzuzo zokuqesha abantu abakhubazekile. Okunye okuthakazelisayo, izinkampani ezithile kanye nezimboni nazo zithola izinzuzo ze-autism emisebenzini.

Ngenkathi kunesimo sokulindela, noma kunjalo, indlela eya empumelelweni ilayishwe imishayo engenzeka. Ukuze uthole amaphuzu emsebenzini, umuntu omdala nge-autism kufanele agijime ngamaphuzu amaningi futhi adlulise izivivinyo eziningi nokuhlolwa kunabasebenzi abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ze-autism zingaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezimweni eziningi ezihlobene nomsebenzi.

Ukuze uzisebenzise kakhulu amathuba akho ngenkathi ugwema izingibe ezingenzeka, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlele phambili, uqonde izinketho zakho, wazi ukuthi ungaphila ulwazi oluthe xaxa.

1 -

Abantu abaningi base-Autistic Abahlukumezekile

Ngaphansi kwengxenye yabantu abadala abane-autism baqashwe. Ngisho nalabo abanemisebenzi bavame ukusebenza kuphela isikhathi esithile, noma benze umsebenzi abafaneleke ngawo. Umsebenzi ombalwa nje njengezisebenzi zokuvolontiya noma ezinhlelweni ezingaphandle komphakathi. Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu:

• Abantu abane-autism bavame ukuba nezibonakaliso ezithola endleleni yokuxoxa ngokuphumelelayo, ukulawula izidingo zomzimba zomsebenzi, noma ukusebenzisana ngempumelelo namaqembu omsebenzi.
• Okulindelwe abantu abadala "abakhubazekile" baphansi; izikole ezimbalwa kanye nemindeni kulindeleke ukuthi izingane zabo zibe ne-autism ukuze zithole imisebenzi eyanelisayo (ngaphandle uma kwenzeka zinekhono elingavamile, okungavamile).
• Izinhlelo ezenzelwe abantu abadala abakhubazekile azizange zakhiwe nge-autism engqondweni. Iningi lalisenjalo lenzelwe abantu abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo, noma abantu abanezinselele zomzimba ezifana ne-cerebral palsy noma ubumpumputhe.
• Ukuze uthole umsebenzi emphakathini jikelele, abantu abane-autism kumele bancintisane ngezikhundla, futhi lokho kungaba nzima kubantu abanobuchwepheshe babo bokuxhumana nabantu abathintekayo.

2 -

Imisebenzi Yesikole Iphela Ngeminyaka eyi-22

Umzuzwana wokuthi umuntu onesifo sokukhubazeka uphendukela ku-22, akasekho ngaphansi kwe-IDEA (Abantu abane-Disability Education Act). Isikole sinelungelo, okusho ukuthi izikole kudingeka zihlinzeke ngemfundo ekhululekile nefanelekile. Izinsizakalo zabantu abadala, noma kunjalo, azizona "izimfanelo." Ingane yakho ingase ingafaneleki noma ingafaneleki ukuthola izinsizakalo futhi, noma ngabe ifanelekile, abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo kungenzeka noma bangabizi imali.

Lokhu konke kuzwakala kubi kakhulu kunalokho. Ngokwenzayo, noma ubani onokukhubazeka okukhulu (futhi i-autism iyafaneleka njengokukhubazeka okukhulu) uyokwazi ukuthola futhi athole okungenani amasevisi omdala. Ukwenza lokhu kwenzeke, noma kunjalo, kuzodingeka ukwazi ukuthi ushintsho lusebenza kanjani emphakathini wakho, yiziphi izinketho ezitholakalayo esifundazweni sakho, nokuthi ungamfanelekela kanjani ingane yakho ngezinsizakalo ezingase zidingeke.

3 -

Izinhlelo zokuguqula-kuya-ku-Adulthood ze-Autism Zise-Infancy

Kuze kube maduzane, abantu abadala abane-autism babenqabile. Laba bantu abadala abatholwa ukuthi bane-autism banokukhubazeka okukhulu. Izikole zahlelwa ukuze zinikeze abafundi abakhubazekile kakhulu ngokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okuphila kanye nokusiza ngamakhono ayisisekelo okusebenza, bazi ukuthi labo bafundi (uma benenhlanhla) beyoqeda ukusebenza emisebenzini yesikhashana esidinga amakhono ambalwa.

Kuphela eminyakeni embalwa edlule ukuthi iqembu elikhulu labantu abane-autism lidinga uhlobo oluhluke ngokuphelele lwenqubo yokuguquka kuya kumuntu omdala. Abanye abantu abadala abanakho ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, ngokwesibonelo, kodwa babhekene nokukhathazeka okukhulu. Abanye bangase babe namakhono amangalisayo ezobuchwepheshe kodwa nezinselelo ezinkulu.

Izikole ziphoqelelwe ukuhlinzeka izinhlelo ezifanele zokuguqulela abafundi be-autistic, kodwa akuzona zonke izikole ezikulungele noma ezikwazi ukwenza kanjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, kaningi ngabazali abenza ucwaningo, bathole izinsiza, futhi banikele isiqondiso ezikoleni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abanye abazali bavele bavimbele izikole ngokuphelele futhi basebenzise izinsiza zabo kanye namanethiwekhi ukusekela ingane yabo emdala.

4 -

Izinsizakalo Zabantu Abadala Zivulwa Ngendawo

Ngenkathi umthetho we-IDEA unqunywe ngokusemthethweni, izinsizakalo zabantu abadala abakhubazekile (ngaphandle kwezihlelo ezimbalwa ezifana nokuPhepha koMphakathi). Izinhlelo eziningi nezinsiza ezikhulile zikhokhwa futhi zilawulwa yizwe, ezinye izinhlelo zitholakala kuphela ezingeni lendawo. Amanye amazwe anikezela ngokukhululeka ngokwezimali zabo kunabanye, abanye banabasebenzi abakhubazekile kakhulu kunabanye, nokunye.

I-DisabilityScoop, iwebhusayithi ezinikezelwe ezindabeni zokukhubazeka, ithi ngo-2017 "i-Arizona yathi inombolo eyodwa ye-slot ku-simo ngonyaka wesithathu ngokulandelana. Futhi ukuhlanganisa okuyishumi okuphezulu ohlwini lwalo nyaka yiMichigan, eHawaii, Georgia, eNew York , ESouth Carolina, eMaine, eMassachusetts, Ohio naseMissouri. ... Amafulegi umbiko e-Arkansas, e-Illinois, eTexas naseMississippi - okwakubhaliswa ukugcina ngonyaka wesishiyagalombili ngokulandelana - ngokuphindaphindiwe ukungena noma eduze uhlu. "

5 -

Ama-Agencies Avele Aqala Ukuqonda I-Autism

Iningi lezinhlaka zikahulumeni nezombusazwe seziqalile ukuqonda ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukusebenza nabantu abadala nge-autism. Njengezikole, bajwayele ukuthola imisebenzi efanele kanye nokusekela abantu abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba. I-Autism ayikho. Ngenkathi ama-ejensi enza konke okusemandleni ukuze abambe izidingo zeqembu elikhula ngokushesha labantu abadala abanamakhono amakhulu nezinselelo ezinkulu, nabo banenkinga yokubamba iqhaza kanye nezinkinga zezimali. Njengoba kunjalo njalo, ngezinye izikhathi kubazali nabazimele ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi, amawebusayithi, nolwazi lwezomthetho ukugcina ama-ejensi asesikhathini.

6 -

Ungakwazi Futhi Kufanele Uthathe Ezintanjeni Zokwaziswa Nezokumemezela

Abazali bafundiswa kangcono mayelana nezinhlelo, ama-ejensi, imali kanye nezinsiza? Kunezinhlobo zezinhlangano ezenza ibhizinisi labo ukukwazisa abazali abababuzayo. Inselelo yakho, yebo, ukubuza imibuzo efanele yabantu abalungile ngesikhathi esifanele. Kuye lapho ukhona khona, ungafunda izincwadi, ukhulume nabeluleki, uhambele izinkomfa, noma uthinte kuma-webinars anikezwe yizinhlangano ezifana nalezi:

• I-ARC
• Ama-Easter Seals
• I-Autism iyakhuluma
• I-Autism Society
• I-Autism Asperger's Society yase-New England

Njengoba unolwazi mayelana nokuthi yini etholakalayo, ungaqala ukubeka amadada akho emgqeni ukuze umntwana wakho alungele ukuguquka lapho ephendukela ku-22.

7 -

I-Autism Izisebenzi Zokukhethwa Kumsebenzi Kufanele Ziziphathe Ngayo

Abanye abadala be-autistic bayazi kahle ukuthi bafuna umsebenzi onjani. Ezinye ziguquguquka, kanti abanye abazi lutho. Kodwa njengabo bonke abanye, abadala abane-autism banomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nelungelo lokuqondisa izimpilo zabo. Ngisho noma umuntu enganqunyanga amakhono omlomo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umsebenzi owenzayo ufanelana nezithakazelo, amakhono akhe, kanye nenhloso yakhe.

Ukusiza ukunquma ukukhethwa komsebenzi womuntu siqu, abeluleki besikole kanye nabasebenzi be-ejensi bangasebenzisa amathuluzi afana nokuhlolwa kwezemisebenzi, ukuhlolwa kwe-LifeMapping, nokuhlolwa kokufaneleka. Umbono womfundi uthathwa njengengxenye yenguquko yokuguqula, okwenza kube lula ukuhlela ukuqeqeshwa, ukuqeqeshwa kwezifundo kanye namathuba okusebenza.

8 -

Izinketho zeJobe zithembele emakhono kanye nezinselele

Enye yezinto ezinzima kunazo zonke okumele zibhekane nazo njengomzali wengane ene-autism noma ummeli ozimele we-autistic ukuthi amakhono akwanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola nokugcina umsebenzi omuhle. Umdala osemusha ophethe i-autism angase abe isazi sezibalo esihlakaniphile, kodwa uma engakwazi ukukhiqiza amakhono akhe emsebenzini odingekayo njenge-accounting noma izibalo okungenzeka ukuthi akukho msebenzi okhona. Ezinye izindaba ezingase zibe izithiyo ezinkulu emisebenzini zihlanganisa:

• ukukhathazeka komphakathi
• izinselele ezinzima zokuzizwa
• ukungaqondakali
• ubunzima bokusingatha ukugxekwa
• ukungathandi ukuhlanganyela noma ukusebenzisana

Ngokumangazayo, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube lula ukuthola umsebenzi wokubekwa komsebenzi kumuntu ongeyena ophethe izinkinga ezimbalwa ezinengqondo kunokuba itekisi enekhono elingakwazi ukusingatha imvelo yehhovisi.

Ukuqonda amandla nezinselele kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo yokuguqulwa komsebenzi. Uma wazi ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga okungenzeka kube yinkinga, ungakwazi ukugqugquzela ukuqeqesha, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemisebenzi, kanye "nokudweba umsebenzi" ukuze udale umdlalo osebenza kahle.

9 -

Kukhona Amathuba Amathuba Omsebenzi Omusha Kunanini ngaphambili

Izinkampani ezinkulu eziningi seziqalile ukubona ukubaluleka kokuqesha abasebenzi kwi-autism spectrum. I-firm firm e-Ernst no-Young, isibonelo, inesimiso sezinhlelo ze-neurodiversity ezifinyelela kubantu abadala abakhulu abanezakhono zamathuluzi futhi bagxile abaningi abangenalo. Ezinye izinkampani ezinama-autism-specific outreach programs zihlanganisa i-SAP ne-Ford.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezimbalwa ezincane zakha ibhizinisi labo ezungeze amandla nezikhwama ze-autistic. I-Rising Tide iyinkampani ye-carwash eFlorida eye yakhanga kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwe-autism, kodwa akuyona yedwa eyedwa. Ngokuvamile, abazali be-autistic abadala bavula amathuba ezingane zabo bese banda.

Kubalulekile ukugcina i-autism izindaba zokuqashwa, njengamathuba avela ngaso sonke isikhathi.

10 -

Kubalulekile Ukulungiselela Ukuphumelela

Nakuba kuhle ukucabanga ngomuntu osemusha ophethe i-autism ukuthola umsebenzi omuhle nokuwugcina impilo yakhe yonke, akuvamile ukubona lohlobo lwempumelelo ngaphandle kokulungiselela nokusekela okukhulu. Kungenzeka ukusetha ingane yakho (noma wena ngokwakho) ukuze uphumelele, kodwa kuthatha ukuhlela nokusebenza. Ngokuvamile ukuhlela:

• kuhilela okungenani i-ejenti eyodwa noma engekho ngaphezulu okumele ikhubazeke
• kudinga ukuzibandakanya okusebenzayo komqashi (futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuhilela ukuqeqeshwa okulawulwa ngumqashi noma uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa)
• kufaka ukuqeqeshwa nokusebenza komsebenzi wesisebenzi
• kufaka phakathi ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi kanye nokunye ukuqeqeshwa okungenani isikhathi esithile
• kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo, ukuxazulula izinkinga, nokuxazulula izinkinga