Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ne-stool, ama-x-ray, nezinqubo zokugcina zivame ukusetshenziswa
Lapho isifo sofuba esivuvukalayo (IBD) sisolwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawu nasemlandweni, uchungechunge lwezivivinyo lungasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi i-IBD isolwe, kodwa ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu kumele zikhishwe kuqala ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zokuxilongwa. Kwezinye izimo lapho i-IBD i-diagnostic yokusebenza, kungase kube nzima ukuhlukanisa ukuthi iyiphi i-IBD (noma isifo sikaCrohn noma isifo sofuba).
Ukuhlolwa okuningi, noma ukulinda okulindile, kungasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuhlukanisa uhlobo lwe-IBD.
Izimpawu ze-IBD
Isiqalo sokuqala sokuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-IBD kaningi kuyimpawu:
- Uhudo olungapheli
- Igazi kanye / noma i- mucus esitokisini (okuvame ukwanda nge-ulcerative colitis kune-Crohn's disease)
- Fever
- Ubuhlungu besisu
Kodwa-ke, ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingase zibe khona nokutheleleka okuyisimungulu , ukuxuba , izifo ze-celiac , umdlavuza wekolon , noma ezinye izimo ezingavamile. Ngalokhu engqondweni, i-IBD ingase ingabi yinkinga engenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isifo se- gastroenterologist sinezinhlu zokuhlukana ngokuhlukana (uhlu lwezifo ezingenzeka ezihambisana nezimpawu).
Izivivinyo zegazi
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okungenziwa kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nesilingo sesitokisi, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukubalwa kwe- CBC kungabandakanya isheke se- white white cell (WBC count count) kanye nesibalo segazi elibomvu (RBC) . Inani eliphezulu le-WBC lingase libe uphawu lokuthi kukhona ukuvuvukala kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Ukubalwa okuphansi kwe-RBC kungase kube uphawu lokuthi kukhona ukuphuma endaweni ethile emzimbeni (uma kungabonakali egazini elibonakalayo esitokisini) noma kubonise nokuthi igazi lilahlekelwe kangakanani uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga le-RBC ngaphambi.
- Iphaneli le-electrolyte lilinganisa izinga le-sodium, i-potassium, i-chloride, ne-carbon dioxide emzimbeni. Uhudo olungapheli lungabangela lezi electrolyte ukuba zifinyelele emazingeni aphansi angavamile.
- Izivivinyo zokusebenza kwesibindi (i-LFTs) zilinganisa i-alanine transaminase (ALT), i-aspartate transaminase (AST), i-alkaline phosphatase (ALP), i-albin, i-protein ephelele, namazinga ephelele we-bilirubin. Amazinga angavamile angabangelwa ukungondleki ngoba umuthi wesisu ungamamkeli izakhi njengoba kufanele.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokuzibulala (okubizwa nangokuthi i-stool guaiac noma i-hemoccult test) isetshenziselwa ukuhlola isiteleka semifula yegazi engabonakali iso. Isitoreji singabuye sihlolwe ukuba khona kwesifo sobhaktheriya esingabangela izimpawu.
I-Endoscopy nezinye izivivinyo
I-gastroenterologist ingalinda imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nezinye izivivinyo ezifana ne-radiology (ama-ray ray) noma izinqubo zokugcina (i-colonoscopy noma i-sigmoidoscopy). Uma izimpawu zinzima, futhi isiguli sisenkathazweni noma sigule kakhulu, isifo se-gastroenterologist singeke silinde ngaphambi kokuyala ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, kuhlanganise:
- I-X-ray iyashesha, ishibhile, ayinasidingo, futhi i-X-ray yesisu ingaveza uma isilonda sincane, sivinjelwe, noma siyancipha.
- I-Barium enema (ebizwa nangokuthi uchungechunge oluphansi lwamathumbu) luhlobo oluthile lwe-X-ray olusebenzisa i-barium sulfate nomoya ukuchaza uhlaka lwe-rectum ne-colon. Imiphumela ingabonisa i-polyps, izicubu, noma i-diverticulosis.
- Uchungechunge olusenyakatho lwangaphakathi (uchungechunge lwe-GI) luhlobo lwe-X-ray esetshenziselwa ukuhlola isisu, isisu, ne- duodenum (isigaba sokuqala samathumbu amancane). Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuhlola amathumbu amancane.
- I- sigmoidoscopy iyi-endoscopic inqubo esetshenziselwa ukuhlola ingxenye yesithathu yokugcina amathumbu amakhulu, okuhlanganisa i-rectum ne-sigmoid colon. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziselwa ukuhlola umdlavuza, ukukhula okungavamile (ama-polyps), ukuvuvukala, nezilonda .
- I- colonoscopy iyinkqubo yokugcina i-endoscopic esetshenziselwa ukuhlola ngaphakathi kwekoloni engakwazi ukuhamba ngaphezu kwezindawo i-sigmoidoscopy engayifinyelela. I-colonoscopy iyasiza ekutholeni umdlavuza wekoloni, izilonda, ukuvuvukala, nezinye izinkinga ekoloni. I-Biopsies ingathathwa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy futhi ihlolwe ngezinkomba zokwenza ukuxilongwa.
- I- endoscopy engenhla isetshenziselwa ukubona ngaphakathi kwesisu, isisu, ne-duodenum (isigaba sokuqala samathumbu amancane). Kungasetshenziselwa ukuthola umthombo wokugwinya izinkinga, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, i-reflux, ukuphuma kwegazi, i-indigestion, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ubuhlungu besifuba.
Kuye ngezibonakaliso kanye nomsolwa obangela inkinga, inhlanganisela yalezi zivivinyo ingalawulwa.
Isivivinyo ngasinye sinemiphumela emihle, futhi udokotela uzosebenzisa ulwazi oluqoqiwe emlandweni wesiguli (njengobunzima nobude bezimpawu nomlando womndeni ) ukuze kulandelwe ukuhlolwa okuzophumelela kakhulu ekunqumeni imbangela yezimpawu. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokwabo iyohlolwa ukuze ihlole ukuthi ifanelana nokuxilongwa kwesimo se-IBD, noma uma kungase kube nesinye isizathu sezimpawu.
Inothi Kusuka
Kwezinye izimo, kungathatha isikhashana ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwe-IBD. Ukuxilongwa kuyashesha njengoba amathuluzi asetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-IBD ayathuthuka kanti iziguli kanye nodokotela bayazi ukuthi ukusabalala kwalezi zifo kuyaphila. Kubantu abazizwa benjengoba i-IBD kungenzeka, ukubona isazi se-IBD kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuxazululwa kahle. Lokhu kungasho ukuhamba ukuyobona udokotela esikhungweni se-IBD futhi mhlawumbe, ukukhokha ngaphandle kwephoksi. Ayikho yalezi zinto ezifiselekayo, kodwa ukutholakala okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze ukwelashwa kuqale kubalulekile ekuphathweni okuphumelelayo kwe-IBD.
Imithombo :
Velayos F, Mahadevan, U. "Yeka ukuthi i-IBD iyatholakala kanjani." I-Crohn's neColitis Foundation of America 2008. 09 Apr 2008.
Umtholampilo waseCleveland. "Izifo Zezinhlungu Ezivuthayo." ClevelandClinic.org 2008. 09 Apr 2008.
Uhlu lwe-Gastroenterology. "Mayelana ne-IBD." IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Diego 2006. 09 Apr 2008.