Ziyini izigaba zomdlavuza wesibeletho? Isigaba sami sesifo sisho ukuthini?
Izinyathelo Zomdlavuza Wesibeletho
Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, njengama kansela amaningi, uhlukaniswe ngezigaba esekelwe ukuthi umdlavuza ukhulu kangakanani nokuthi usakaze kangakanani. Ukugxilonga kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni ukwelashwa okufanele komdlavuza futhi ukuzimisela okunembile kwesigaba, ngakho-ke, kuyinto esemqoka lapho umuntu eqala ukuthola ukuthi unesifo.
Ukugxilonga kuyindlela futhi odokotela abangakwazi ukubikezela ngayo ukubikezela - noma ukuthi umuntu kulindeleke ukuba enze kanjani ngemithi yokwelapha.
Uhlelo oluvame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza wesibeletho lubhekiswe ohlelweni lweFio olumele i-International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Ngaphezu kwezigaba, iningi lalezi zigaba zinesiteleka esincane, okuqhubeka nokuhlukana nokuhlukana phakathi kwamagciwane futhi kusiza ukhethe ukwelashwa. Lezi zigaba zivela esiteji sesi-0 esingumdlavuza ongenawo umonakalo, kuze kufike esigabeni IV, esibhekwa njengomdlavuza we- metastatic .
Isigaba 0
Futhi okuthiwa i-carcinoma in situ, isigaba sesi-0 kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza atholakale kuphela emgqeni wesibeletho futhi awazange ahlasele izicubu ezijulile. Lesi sigaba somdlavuza sicatshangwa ukuthi asiyena engavamile, noma yisiphi isigaba esingaphezu kwesigaba 0 sibheka njengento engavamile. Kube khona impikiswano enkulu mayelana nokuthi lokhu kungumdlavuza ngempela noma kunesimo esinqunyiwe .
Isigaba I
Esikhathini sesigaba I, amangqamuzana omdlavuza asekhona kuphela emgodini wesibeletho futhi akahambanga kwenye indawo.
Amangqamuzana omdlavuza ahlasela umlomo wesibeletho , futhi amaseli awasekho nje ebusweni. Lesi sigaba sihlehlisiwe sibe yi:
Isigaba IA - Isigaba IA yisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho. Umdlavuza awukwazi ukuboniswa ngamehlo futhi ungabonakala kuphela ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lesi sigaba siphinde siphulwe ngobukhulu singena:
- Isigaba IA1 - Indawo yokuhlasela ayikho ngaphezu kuka-3 mm ejulile futhi ayikho ngaphezu kuka-7 mm ububanzi.
- Isiteji IA2 - Indawo yokuhlasela ingaphezulu kuka-3 mm kodwa ayikho ngaphezu kwama-5 mm ejulile, futhi ayikho ngaphezu kuka-7 mm ububanzi.
Isigaba IB - Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izicubu ezincane kakhulu kunesigaba se-IA futhi kungenzeka noma zingabonakali ngaphandle kwe-microscope
- Isigaba IB1 - Lezi zicubu zingabonakala kuphela ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ukuhlasela akuwona okungaphezu kwama-5 mm ejulile futhi okungaphezu kuka-7 mm ububanzi, noma kubonakala ngaphansi kwe-microscope kodwa kungaphansi kuka-4 cm ngobukhulu.
- Isigaba IB2 - Lezi zicubu zingabonwa ngaphandle kwe-microscope futhi zikhulu kunama-4 cm ngesayizi.
Isigaba II
Esikhathini sesigaba sesibili umdlavuza wesibeletho, amaseli asakaze ngaphesheya komlomo wesibeletho kodwa azange asakaze odongeni lwe-pelvic noma ingxenye yesithathu engezansi yesifazane.
Isigaba IIA - Lezi zomshukela ziye zasakaza ngaphesheya komlomo wesibeletho kuya phezulu kwe-2/3 wesifazane, kodwa azange zisakaze nxazonke zesisu. Lokhu kuphinde kuphulwe ngosayizi ibe yi:
- Isiteji IIA1 - I-tumor ingabonakala ngaphandle kwe-microscope kodwa ingaphezu kuka-4 cm ngesayizi.
- Isiteji IIA2 - I-tumor ingabonwa ngaphandle kwe-microscope futhi ingaphezu kuka-4 cm ngesayizi.
Isiteji IIB - Umdlavuza usakaze emaqenjini azungeze isibeletho nangaphezulu kwe-2/3 yesifazane, kepha hhayi emdongeni we-pelvic.
Isigaba III
Esikhathini sesigaba sesi-III, ngaphezu kokusakazwa njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla kuya kwezingu-2/3 ezingaphezulu kwesisu kanye namathishu azungeze isibeletho , lezi zomshukela zingase zisakaze emkhakheni we-1/3 wesifazane wesiguli, odongeni lwe-pelvic, kanye / noma kungahlanganisa izinso. Lokhu kuphinde kwephulwe phansi ngokusabalalisa ku:
Isigaba IIIA - Lezi zomshukela zingase zisakaze emkhakheni we-1/3 wezansi, kepha hhayi ekudongeni kwe-pelvic.
Isigaba IIIB - Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uzobekwa njengesigaba IIIB. Enye ingabe ifinyelele udonga lwe-pelvic. Enye iwukuthi ivimbele oyedwa noma womabili ama-ureters (amashubhu avela izinso kuya kwesinye) njengalokho eye wabangela ukuba izinso zikhuliswe noma ziyeke ukusebenza kanye nokujwayelekile.
Isigaba IV
Esikhathini sesiteleka somdlavuza wesibeletho IV isisu sesisakaze ngaphesheya kwesifunda somlomo wesibeletho ukubandakanya odongeni lwesigcawu noma umhlanga noma usakaze kwezinye izifunda zomzimba.
Isigaba IVA - Lezi zomshukela ziye zasakazeka kangangokuthi ziye zahlasela noma isifubeni noma i-rectum noma zombili (zisakazwa ezithombeni eziseduze.
Isigaba IVB - Lezi zomshukela ziye zasakazeka ezindaweni ezikude zomzimba, isibonelo, izitho zamakhansela esifundeni esikude somzimba, noma amaphaphu, isibindi namathambo.
Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Manje ukuthi uyazi izigaba zomdlavuza wesibeletho, yiziphi izinketho zokwelapha ?
Uma, esikhundleni salokho, ufunda nje ngomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ngezindlela zokuvimbela umdlavuza wesibeletho, nokuthi ngubani okufanele athole umgomo wokugoma komdlavuza wesibeletho . Futhi qiniseka ukuthi uyazi izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibeletho - ngisho noma uthola isibhamu.
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa Kwebelevuza Yesibeletho - I-Health Professional Version (PDQ). Kubuyekezwe 02/04/16.