Izinzuzo zokuhlola kude zidlula imiphumela
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 2013, ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kunconyé ukuthi bonke abantu abaneminyaka engama-15 no-65 babe yingxenye yokuvakashela odokotela njalo. Futhi akuyona nje ngoba "into efanelekile" noma ngoba kungasiza kakhulu ukuguqula lesi sifo . Izinzuzo kuwe, njengabantu ngabanye, zingaba ezinkulu, kungakhathaliseki ukubeka ingqondo yakho kalula ngesimo sakho se-HIV noma ukukunikeza izindlela zokwenza isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi azikho izinselele, ngokomzwelo noma ngenye indlela, okungase kukuvimbele ekuhlolweni. Kodwa lokho esingakusho ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukuthi izinzuzo zokuhlola i-HIV zidlula kakhulu imiphumela engaba khona.
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Izivivinyo ze-HIV Zishesha Futhi Zikunika Ukulawula OkupheleleUkungaziphathi kahle, ukunganaki, nokuyimfihlo yizizathu ezintathu ezivame kakhulu ukuthi kungani abantu begwema ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV. Kodwa masithembeke: Izinto zishintshile kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngokuhlolwa okusha okunikeza amazinga aphezulu okuchithwa , isivinini esikhulu kakhulu, nokulula ukusetshenziswa.
Ayikwazi ukubekezelela ukulinda umphumela wokuhlola i-HIV? Namuhla, kunezinketho eziningi zokuhlola okusheshayo ezingakunika imiphumela emaminithi angu-20.
Izinaliti zokuzonda? Ayikho inkinga lapho. Izivivinyo ezisuselwa esitokisini zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengamanje njengezivivinyo zegazi zendabuko.
Noma mhlawumbe ukhathazekile ngemfihlo yezokwelapha futhi kungcono ungangeni endaweni yokuhlola egcwele? Kungani ungaqapheli ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV ekhaya-kwekhaya okutholakala ngezebhizinisi, okubeka ukulawula ngqo lapho kungokwakho: ezandleni zakho.
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Abantu abane-HIV bangaphila isikhathi eside, ukuphila okuvamileNakhu okushiwo ucwaningo, olucacile futhi olulula: Uma usu-20s futhi uhlola ukuthi unesandulela ngculazi, manje ungaphila kahle kuma-70s akho nangaphezulu uma uhlinzeka ngemithi yokwelashwa ngokushesha (ART) .
Cabanga ngakho. Asigcini nje ukukhuluma ngokungeza iminyaka embalwa eyengeziwe empilweni yakho yokuphila. Sikhuluma ngokuphila isikhathi eside, kwezinye izimo ngisho nangaphezulu kunabantu abaningi.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukubambezeleka kwe-ART, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka kungathatha zonke lezo zinzuzo. Kusebenza okufanayo uma ubhema (uphinde ubuye eminyakeni engu-12), ukufaka izidakamizwa (iminyaka engu-11), noma uthathe izidakamizwa zakho ngokungahambisani (kuze kube yiminyaka engu-10).
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Ukwelashwa Okuqala Kuqinisekisa Impilo EngconoAkukhona nje ngenani leminyaka ohlala kuyo; Ukwelashwa kokuqala kungakunikela kokubili impilo ende nokuphila okunempilo ukuqala.
Isiqalo seSikimu Esiqakathekileko soHlelo lwe-Antiretroviral Treatment (START) , esaphenya izinzuzo zokwelapha zakuqala ngokumelene nokwelashwa okulibalekile, siphetha ngokuthi ukwelashwa ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa akugcini nje ukunciphisa amathuba okugula nokufa ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-57 kodwa wenza kanjalo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubudala bomuntu, ubuhlanga, ubulili, umthamo wegciwane , indawo yomhlaba, noma isimo sezomnotho.
Ngakho akusekho okushiwo lapho uhlala khona, okwenzayo, noma ungakanani ubudala. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo, okuqinisekisa impilo enempilo nangaphezulu. Ubani ongase aphikisana nalezi zinombolo?
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Ukwazi Isimo Sakho Ukuvimbela Ukwelashwa Ezintweni EzintshaKungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlola okuhle noma okungalungile nge-HIV, ukwazi isimo sakho kungasiza ekuzivikeleni ekwenzeni noma ekusakazeni igciwane.
Khohlwa ngalokho abantu abakutshela mayelana nokuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo. Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kufanele kube ngokuthula kwengqondo nangokusebenzisa ama-biomedical tools anganciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-HIV, kungakhathaliseki wena noma abanye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi abavimbela ngokuphelele igciwane bangenakwenzeka kakhulu ukuthelela abanye. Isu, esaziwa ngokuthi "Ukwelashwa Njengokuvimbela" (TasP), siboniswe ukunciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa cishe ngamaphesenti angu-96 .
Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhlola ukungalungi kwe-HIV, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokutheleleka ngokuthatha isandulela-prophylaxis (PrEP) . Isu, esinconywa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokutheleleka, singanciphisa amathuba okuthola i-HIV ngamaphesenti angama-75.
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Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIV Kungenza Ukuguqulwa Kwengculazi KungabhubhisaKulungile, ngakho-ke lokhu akusho ukuthi kungani wena, njengomuntu ngamunye, kufanele uhlolwe. Kodwa cabanga izwe lapho singasadingeki sikhathazeke ngeHIV. Ngeke yini kube kuhle lokho?
Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi akuseyona nje iphupho lombhobho-ukuthi, ngokuvivinya yonke indawo, singasungula izinhlelo zokwelashwa emhlabeni jikelele futhi sinciphise ukutheleleka kwamagciwane ngaphakathi kwesifunda ngendlela efana nokuqeda igciwane ngokuphumelelayo.
Yiqiniso, kunezinselelo zokubeka umzamo onjengawo wonke indawo, kodwa ekugcineni ziphelela ezintweni ezilodwa kanye nento eyodwa yedwa: ukukholisa umuntu ngenani kanye nezinzuzo zokuhlola i-HIV.
> Imithombo:
> Baeten, J .; Donnell, D .; Ndase, P .; et al. "I-Antiretroviral Prophylaxis Yokuvimbela I-HIV Emadodeni Nabesifazane Abesilisa Nabesifazane." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Ngo-Agasti 2, 2012; 367 (5): 399-410.
> Cohen, M .; I-Chen, i-Y .; UMcCauley, uM .; et al. "Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nge-HIV-1 nge-antiretroviral yokuqala yokwelapha." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Agasti 11, 2011; 365 (6): 493-505
> Hasse, B ,; Ledergerber, B .; U-Egger, M., et al. "Ukuguga futhi (okungekho-okuhlobene ne-HIV) Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu abane-HIV: Isifundo seSwitzerland Cohort (SHCS)." Ingqungquthela ye-18 yama-Retrovirus kanye nezifo ezithinta amathuba, iBoston. Abstract 792, 2011.
> Helleberg M .; U-Afzal, uS .; I-Kronborg, G .; et al. "Ukufa okubangelwa ukubhema phakathi kwabantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi-1: isifundo somphakathi esivela kubantu abaningi." Izifo Ezithathelwanayo Emitholampilo. Mashi 2013; 56 (5): 723-734.
> I-INSIGHT START Study Group. "Ukuqaliswa Kwethemishana Ye-Antiretroviral In HIV Early Infection." I-New England Journal of Medicine. Julayi 20, 2015; I-DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.