Ukukhomba Amaseli E-Myelin-Ukukhiqiza Kuyisinyathelo Esilandelayo ku-MS Therapy
Izindlela zokwelashwa zamanje ze- multiple sclerosis zithinta amasosha omzimba omuntu. Ngenkathi zitholiwe ukunciphisa inombolo kanye nobukhulu be-MS buyela emuva, akusekho ukwelashwa kwe-MS, ngakho-ke abantu bangase baqhubeke bekhubazekile njengoba isifo sabo siqhubeka.
Kodwa manje ochwepheshe bahlola izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlose i-myelin-ukumboza okuvikelayo okuzungezile izintambo zezinzwa ezonakaliswe ku-MS.
Ake sihlolisise indima ye-myelin ku-multiple sclerosis, nokuthi ukulungisa kanjani kungabuyisa umsebenzi we-neurological futhi kuphumele phansi noma kumise ngisho nama-MS emathweni ayo.
Umsebenzi we-Myelin ku-Multiple Sclerosis
Emuntwini onempilo, amangqamuzana egeyimu athumela impikiswano komunye nomunye ngefiber encane ehlanganiswe nomzimba wesiguli sezinzwa. Lezi ziqephu ezincane zibizwa nge-axons futhi zizungezwe umuthi omningi, omhlophe obizwa ngokuthi i-myelin. Ukukhonza njengesembozo sokuzivikela noma sokuzivikela, i-myelin ivumela izimpikiswano zezinzwa ukuba zihambe ngokushesha nangempumelelo.
E- multiple sclerosis , amangqamuzana omzimba omuntu ahlasela i-myelin (futhi ekugcineni i-axons nayo) ebuchosheni babo kanye / noma emthonjeni womgogodla. Ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-myelin ekugcineni kuholele ekusweleni. Uma i-myelin ishaywa, izimpikiswano zesisindo azikwazi ukuhanjiswa kahle-zihamba kancane kancane noma cha nhlobo. Ekugcineni, ama-axons ayancipha (alahlekelwe amandla awo okusebenza) ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okungapheli kwe-myelin, okuholela ekufweni kwe-cell cell.
Kuye lapho kutholakala khona isimiso sezinzwa esisemkhatsini i-myelin, izimpawu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa, izinkinga zombono, izinkinga ze-spasticity, nezinkinga zesibindi ziqala ukubonakala. Yingakho izimpawu ze-MS zihlukahluka kakhulu ukusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye, njengoba indawo yokuhlaselwa kwe-myelin ihlukahluka ngaphakathi kwesistimu yenzwa yomphakathi.
Ngaphandle kwezindawo eziguquguqukayo zokuhlaselwa kwamasosha omzimba ebuchosheni nasendlini yomgogodla, isikhathi salezi zihlaselo asikwazanga nanini-nakuba, ochwepheshe baye baveza izinto ezingabangela ukucindezeleka noma isikhathi sokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ukulungisa i-Myelin: Isinyathelo Esilandelayo ku-MS Therapy
Nakuba izifo zokwelapha ze-MS zamanje ezibhekene nezifo zigxila endleleni yokuvimbela amasosha omzimba omuntu ekuhlaseleni i-myelin, manje ososayensi babheka ukuthi i-myelin ingayilungiswa kanjani lapho ibonakaliswe isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Ithemba ukuthi uma i-myelin isilungiswa, umsebenzi wezinzwa zomuntu ungabuyiselwa, futhi i-MS yomuntu ingakwazi ukuyeka ukuqhuma (noma okungenani ihle kancane).
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ezinye izifundo zivele zibonise ukuthi ukulondolozwa nokubuyisela i-myelin ejikeleza ama-axons kungandisa ukwanda kwe-cell nerve. Njengoba ukukhubazeka okuhlobene nomuntu okuhlobene ne-MS kuxhunyaniswe nesilinganiso sokufa kwe-cell nerve, ngokulungisa i-myelin nokuvikela amangqamuzana wegazi, ochwepheshe bethemba ukuthi singamisa ukuqhubekela phambili kokukhubazeka kubantu abane-MS.
Ucwaningo lwe-MS oluvusa ukulungiswa kwe-Myelin
Ucwaningo lokubuyisela umsebenzi nokulungisa i-myelin ku-multiple sclerosis kusengaphambili kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, kuyathakazelisa futhi kungase kube isinyathelo esiseduze ekupheleni kwe-MS kanye naso sonke.
Esinye isifundo esincane, isigaba II eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia San Francisco sanikezwa emhlanganweni we-American Academy of Neurology. Kulolu cwaningo, imithi yokwelapha ngokweqile ebizwa ngokuthi i-clemastine ihlolwe ukuze ibone ukuthi ingakhuthaza ukukhanda kwe-myelin ebuchosheni babantu abane-MS.
Kulolu cwaningo, abantu abangu-50 abane-MS nomonakalo wezinzwa ze-optic banikwa ngomlomo ngomlomo kabili ngosuku noma iphilisi ye-placebo ngezinsuku ezingu-150. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-90 kwalezi zinsuku ezingu-150, abahlanganyeli bashintsha ukwelashwa, okusho ukuthi labo abathole i-clemastine ekuqaleni bathola i-placebo kanye ne-vice-versa.
Abahlanganyeli babhekana nezindlela ezibonakalayo ezibukwayo, ezilinganisa ukudluliswa kwesignali kusuka ku-retina yeso nge-nertic optic kuya ku-cortex ebonakalayo-isifunda sobuchopho esenza izithombe, noma ngamanye amagama, sishintsha lokho okubonayo esithombeni sangempela.
Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ukubambezeleka kokubonakala okubonakalayo kwakwehliswa yi-1.9 millisecond iso ngeso sikhathi abantu abaphathwa ngayo nge-clemastine. Lokhu kuncishiswa kokulibaziseka kwe-nerve kusikisela ukuthi ukukhanda kwami kwe-myelin kuyenzeka endleleni yokuguqula izinzwa ze-optic.
Enye ye-caveat yocwaningo ukuthi umthamo we-clemastine wawuphakeme kunomthamo omkhulu ovame ukuphakanyiswa, ngakho-ke akumangalisi ukuthi kubangele ukukhathala kwabahlanganyeli.
Imithi Engcono Yokulungisa I-Myelin Ezilingo Zokuqala
Ezinye izifundo zakuqala ziqasha iziguli noma ziyasebenza ngokuphathelene nemithi engasiza ekuthuthukiseni i-myelin nokuvikela amaseli emisipha ohlelweni lwezinzwa eziphakathi.
Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kweSigaba 1 (ekuqaleni kakhulu) kuyaqhubeka kokubili u-Olesoxime noGuanbenbenz.
I-Guanabenz (imithi evezwe ngaphambilini yi-FDA yokuphatha umfutho wegazi ophezulu) itholakala kwizifundo zesilwane ukwandisa ukusinda kwamangqamuzana akhiqiza i-myelin (ebizwa ngokuthi i-oligodendrocytes). Kuye kwafunyanwa ukunciphisa inani lamasosha omzimba aqoqa ebuchosheni nasendlini yomgogodla.
Omunye imithi obizwa ngokuthi i- Olesoxime , eyayiqalelwa ukwelashwa i- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , itholakale kokubili ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwamaseli okukhiqiza i-myelin ebuchosheni kanye nomgogodla nokuthuthukisa ukujula.
I-Quetiapine iyi-antipsychotic e-atypical etholakale ibe ne-remyelinating izakhiwo kwisimo sezilwane se-MS. Kucatshangwa ukuvikela nokugqugquzela ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omzimba okwenza i-myelin (i-oligodendrocytes) nokuvimbela amaseli omzimba ahilelekile ekuhlaselweni kwe-myelin ku-MS.
Ngaphandle kokuvuselela i-myelin kubantu abane-MS, njenge-antipsychotic ye-atypical, ingase ibe nenzuzo eyengeziwe yokwelapha izinkinga zemizwelo nokungalahleki ku-MS. Ucwaningo lokuthola imithi kokubili i-MS yokubuyisela kabusha futhi i-MS eqhubekayo iyaqhubeka.
Izwi elivela
Umqondo wokuthi izidakamizwa zingakwazi ukugqugquzela ukukhanda kwe-myelin ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi luyamangalisa. Iphakamisa ukuthi ubuchopho buyakwazi ukuzilungisa, buyisele umsebenzi wezinzwa owaye wakhazamiseka noma walahleka.
Lokhu kuthiwa, lokhu konke kusekusha kakhulu futhi kusheshe kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kuyilapho sithandeka kulabo bethu abane-MS, zama ukuhlala nesineke njengoba ucwaningo lubonakala.
> Imithombo:
> Harlow DE, Honce JM, iMasvalle AA. Ukwelapha ukuvuselelwa ekutheni i-multiple sclerosis. Ngaphambili Neurol. 2015; 6: 257.
> Nave KA. Ukuxoshwa kanye nokusekelwa kwe-trophic kwama-axon ende. I-Nar Rev Neurosci. 2010 Ngo-Apr; 11 (4): 275-83.
> National MS Society. (Ngo-Ephreli 2016). I-Antihistamine ibonisa Ubufakazi bokugqugquzela ukulungiswa kwe-Myelin ku-Phase II ye-MS Study.
> Zhornitsky S et al. I-Quetiapine fumarate yokwelashwa kwezifo eziningi: gxila ekukhoneni kwe-myelin. I-CNS Neurosci Ther . 2013 Oct; 19 (10): 737-44.