I-Viagra (i-sildenafil citrate) nezinye izidakamizwa eziningana ze-erectile ukungasebenzi (ED) kuye kwasolakala ukuthi kuyimbangela yokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe, nakuba uxhumano lusesacwaningweni futhi alukwazi ngokuqinisekile.
Ngaleso sikhathi i-Viagra yamukelwa, ngo-1998, i-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yase-United States ithole ukuthi abantu abayisihlanu bangama-25,000 basebenzise i-Viagra emilenzeni yezokwelapha elahlekelwe ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe .
Lena inombolo encane kakhulu, yingakho isixwayiso ngokuzwa ukulahlekelwa akuzange sikhululeke ngesikhathi sokuvunywa.
Kodwa-ke, ekupheleni kuka-2007 i-FDA yaqala ukuqaphela amacala amaningi okulahleka kokuzwa kubantu abathatha i-Viagra nezinye izidakamizwa ze-ED eziyingxenye ye-phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor class. Ezinye izidakamizwa ze-PDE5 zihlanganisa i-Levitra (i-vardenafil) ne-Cialis (i-tadalafil).
Ukusesha uhlelo lwayo lokubika-umcimbi, i-FDA ithola amacala angu-29 wokulahlekelwa kokuzwa okungazelelwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu zomthamo wokugcina weziguli we-PDE5 inhibitor. Uhlobo lokulahlekelwa kwezindlebe olubikiwe lwaluvamise ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe zokuzwa okungaqondakali ngokulahlekelwa noma ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kokuzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi kwakuneziqu ze- tinnitus neyeziyezi.
Izenzakalo ezingu-29 ezibikiwe eziyisishiyagalolunye kwezi-29 zazihlobene ne-Viagra ngokuqondile. Ezimweni ezinhlanu, ukulahleka kokuzwa okungazelelwe kwenzeke ngemuva kwesilinganiso sokuqala seViagra. Abantu abayisishiyagalolunye babenokulahlekelwa kwecala lokuzizwa komuntu futhi umuntu oyedwa walahlekelwa ukulalela.
Abangu-8 kwabangu-15 babenokuphulukana nokuzwa okuqhubekayo kanti abantu abane babenokulahlekelwa yesikhashana.
Lezi zimo ezibikiwe azikwazi ukuxhunyaniswa ngokuqondile nama-inhibitors e-PDE5 ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kunezinye izici, ezifana nobudala besiguli kanye nokusetshenziswa kweminye imithi. Noma ngabe kunjalo, i-FDA ibonakale ithintekile ngokwanele ukuze idinga izinguquko ekubhaleni izidakamizwa ukuze kutholakale okungaphezulu ukulahleka kokuzwa.
Ungalanda lolu lwazi kwiwebhusayithi ye-FDA.
I-FDA iyaxwayisa ukuthi uma uqala ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ngenkathi uViagra noma umuthi ofanayo, kufanele usheshe ukuyeka ukuthatha futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho. Ngokufanayo, odokotela abaqaphela ukuthi iziguli zabo zizwa ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe ngenkathi kulezi zidakamizwa kufanele zibancome ukuba bayeke ukuthatha.
I-Lab Studies
Ingabe kungase kutholakale ukuthi i-Viagra ibangelwa ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa kwabantu? Abanye abacwaningi bazama ukuthola. Abacwaningi baseNingizimu Korea benza isifundo samagundane wesilisa ayesemasonto ayisikhombisa ubudala. Izinsuku ezingu-105 ezinye zamagundane zanikezwa amazinga aphezulu we-Viagra. Ezinye amagundane azinikezwe noma yiliphi i-Viagra futhi zenziwe njengeqembu lokulawula lokuqhathanisa. Womabili amaqembu abe nokuhlolwa kokuzwa ngaphambi kokucwaninga futhi futhi ezinsukwini ezinhlanu, 10, 15, 25, 35, 105 no-135 zesifundo.
Ukuzwa kwabo kwavivinywa ngezindlela eziningi, kufaka phakathi izimpendulo ze-brainstem zokuhlola kanye nokukhishwa kwe-otoacoustic. Impendulo ye-brainstorms yokuhlola ihlolisisa indlela ubuchopho buphendula ngayo umsindo. Ukukhishwa kwama-otoacoustic yi-echoes ebuthakathaka eyenziwe yindlebe ngemva kokuzwa umsindo. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-Viagra kwandise ukushintsha kwesibalo sokuzwa kwempendulo yokuhlolwa kwengqondo.
Okusho ukuthi, umsindo kufanele ube ngaphezulu ukuphakamisa impendulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa kwama-otoacoustic kwakuhlukile phakathi kwamagundane wezinga eliphezulu kanye namagundane okulawula lapho ukwelashwa kunikezwa isikhathi eside.
Abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi ukwelapha okusezingeni futhi ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa kwamagundane. Kungenzeka yini imiphumela efanayo kubantu? Abacwaningi bakhulume isibonelo somuntu oneminyaka engu-44 ubudala oye walahlekelwa ukuzwa okujulile ngemuva kokuthatha i-Viagra ngama-milligram angu-50 ngosuku ngezinsuku ezingu-15.
Nakuba kungakaze kuboniswe ukuthi i-Viagra nezinye izidakamizwa ze-PDE5 zibangela ukulahlekelwa kwezindlebe kubantu, ubufakazi be-association buyaqhubeka.
Le nhlangano isekelwa izifundo zezilwane ezifana nalezi ngenhla. Kuze kube manje, ubufakazi obutholakalayo bubonisa ukuthi lezi zenzakalo ziphansi, kodwa ososayensi baqhubeka bebiza ucwaningo oluthe xaxa.
Imithombo:
U-Bin Na Hong, u-Tae Hoo Yi, uSay Yeou Kim noTong Ho Kang, "I-High Dosage Sildenafil Inhloso Yokuzwa Ukukhubazeka Kwezimpumputhe", i-Biol. I-Pharm. Bull., Umq. 31, 1981-1984 (2008).
Izidakamizwa ze-Erectile ukungasebenzi kanye nokulahlekelwa okungazelelwe. (ISAZISO! Izaziso ezibalulekile ze-FDA ze-Audiologists) I-Audiology namuhla. Nov-Dec 2007 v19 i6 p53 (1).
Ulwazi lwelebuli ye-Viagra. Kufinyelelwe nge-http: //www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm
Ulwazi lokuphepha kwezidakamizwa ze-postmarket yeziguli nabahlinzeki. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm124841.htm