Ukwelashwa okusheshayo emva kokushaya kanzima kungasiza ukunciphisa umonakalo wesikhathi eside
I-stroke ephawulekayo yi-stroke eyenzekayo noma iqala ngokungazelelwe. Futhi isici esiyinhloko se-stroke enzima ukuthi iqala ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Sibutsetelo
I-stroke enzima yisifo esingalindelekile. Kodwa bambalwa abantu 'balindele' ukuba ne-stroke. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo ukushaywa yisifo kungaqhubekela phambili kancane, kuthatha amahora ukufinyelela phezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi ukushaywa kungaqala bese kuxazululwa futhi kungase kuqhubeke ukuhamba kangcono noma kubi kakhulu emahoreni ambalwa noma ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Ukushaywa kanzima noma ukuhlaselwa kancane kancane kokubili kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo nokunakekelwa.
Izimbangela
I-stroke enzima ingaba ischemic noma i-hemorrhagic.
I-Ischemic Stroke
Ngesikhathi isifo sochungechunge lwe- ischemic , igazi elinikezwa esifundeni sobuchopho liyanqunywa ngoba isitsha segazi sivinjelwe nge-clot yegazi. Izimo eziningana zingabangela umuntu ukuba ahlasele ischemic. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa isifo senhliziyo, i-cholesterol ephakeme, nomfutho wegazi ophezulu. Ezinye izimbangela zengozi ye-ischemic zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi , noma ukulimala emithonjeni yegazi entanyeni.
Isifo esishayisayo
I- stroke enesifo esiyingozi ivela lapho umthambo ebuchosheni uvutha. Lokhu kungabangelwa uma umshini ongakafaneli, njenge-malmory malousness (AVM) noma i- aneurysm, i- bursts. Igazi elingena ebuchosheni lapho isitsheni segazi liphuma lidala ukucindezela ukwakha ngaphakathi kwegazi, ukucindezela ubuchopho futhi okungabangela ukulimala okungapheli kobuchopho.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-stroke enamandla- intracerebral ne-subarachnoid. I-hemorrhage ye-intrarebral iyenzeka lapho isitsha segazi esijulile ebuchosheni siphula futhi siphumela emathisini obuchopho obuzungezile. I-hemorrhage ye-subarachnoid iyenzeka lapho igazi libuthelela esikhaleni phakathi kobuchopho kanye nengxenye yobuchopho.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Izifo ezivame ukwedlula zonke izifo zengozi zihlanganisa isifo senhliziyo, ukucindezeleka kwegazi, i-cholesterol ephakeme, ukubhema nesifo sikashukela. Ezinye izici ezingozini zokuhlukumeza zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukushaywa noma ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo
- Umlando womndeni we-stroke
- Ukuqapha kakhulu
- Izifo ze-cerebrovascular
- I-carotid artery isifo
- Ukuntula umzimba noma umsebenzi
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha noma amanye ama-hormone therapies
- Ukukhulelwa
- Ukuphuza ngokweqile noma ukuphuza ngokweqile
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa
Uma unalezi zici eziyingozi, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuba ne-stroke enzima ngokwenza lezi zimo zilawulwe ngosizo lodokotela wakho.
Izimpawu
Isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esiphezulu (TIA) singasebenza njengesixwayiso sokushaywa kwesisu. I-TIA injenge-stroke, kodwa izimpawu zixazulula ngaphandle kokulimala okungapheli kobuchopho. Uma une-TIA, lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe okungenani unesisindo esisodwa sengozi yesifo. Abantu abaningi abahlangabezana ne-TIA bazoba nesifo esiphakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ngaphandle kokuba izici ezingozini zihlonzwe futhi ziphathwe ngemithi.
Izimpawu ezinkulu ze-stroke zihlanganisa:
- Ubumbulu noma ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba
- Kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukukhathazeka ukuqonda
- Kunzima ngombono
- Ukuwa noma kunzima ukuhamba
- Ikhanda elikhukhumele, elibi elibandakanya intamo eqinile, ubuhlungu bombuso, ubuhlungu phakathi kwamehlo, noma ukuhlanza
- Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi noma ukubambisana
- Ukudideka
Ukuxilongwa
Uma ubona izibonakaliso zesifo esibuhlungu, kudingeka uthole ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo. Ngemuva kokuthi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lihlole ukuhlolwa kwegazi, lokhu kuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokushaya futhi kwenziwe uhlelo lokulashwa:
- Ukucubungula izivivinyo ezifana ne-CT scan ne-MRI scan
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nezinye izivivinyo zezokwelapha
Ukwelapha
I-ischemic stroke ingakwazi ukuphathwa ngezokwelapha eziningi, kuhlanganise nokwelapha okunamandla okuthiwa i- tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA.) Le mpilisi iphumelela uma lesi sifo sitholwa ngokushesha futhi sihlolwe futhi uma ukwelashwa kungenziwa zingakapheli amahora amathathu ukuqala kwezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi.
Inhlanganisela yokuhlinzwa kwegazi kanye nemithi yokulawula ukuphuma kwegazi ingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesifo esibucayi esinzima. Ukwelashwa kungabandakanya izinqubo ezibandakanya ukuchofoza ukuqubuzana kwesisu noma ukuvuthwa kwe-endovascular lapho ikhoyili ifakwa khona ku-aneurysm ukuze unciphise ukugeleza kwegazi.
> Umthombo:
> Ukwelashwa kwe-Cocktail, isu elithembisayo lokuphatha isifo sochungechunge esibucayi se-cerebral? Liang LJ, Yang JM, Jin XC, iMed Gas Res. 2016 Apr 4; 6 (1): 33-38