I-Hepatitis C yisifo sesibindi esibangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis C (i-HCV). Ngaphambi kwekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, odokotela babengazi ukuthi lesi sifo "singeyona A, engeyona i-hepatitis" ngoba ukuhlolwa kwebhola lokuhlola i-HCV kwakungakaze kuthuthukiswe. Manje, okungenani ukuhlukahluka okuyisithupha kwegciwane le- hepatitis C kuyaziwa. Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-genotypes, ngokuyinhloko zihlukahluka ngofuzo ezihlokweni ezifanayo ezingaholela ekutheleleni kwe-hepatitis C.
Yize i-genotype ngayinye itholakala njenge-infection ye-hepatitis C, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungubani ngoba ama-genotypes athile ayinselele kakhulu ekuphatheni.
Abantu abangaba yizigidi ezine e-United States basenwe yi-HCV. Njengoba cishe abangaba ngu-25% kulabo abaye basusa igciwane, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3 bangabathwali be-HCV futhi bangasakaza igciwane kwabanye. Emhlabeni wonke, abantu abangaba ngu-170 million banesandulela ngculaza.
I-Hepatitis C enamandla
Ngokuyinhloko, i-hepatitis C ayitholakali esigabeni esiphuthumayo ngoba izimpawu zithulile noma zitholile (ngokungafani nesifo se-hepatitis A lapho isigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi singase sikhuluke kakhulu) futhi ukwehluleka kwesibindi akuvamile. Kunezikhathi ezingavamile lapho abantu benesifo sengqondo esifana nesifo somkhuhlane, noma ezinye izimpawu, ezenza ukuhlolwa kodwa ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka kwesifo sofuba kutholakala kuphela ngokuhlola abantu abakholelwa ukuthi basengozini.
I-Hepatitis C iqala ngokungazelelwe (acutely) emva kwesikhathi sokutshala isikhathi samasonto angu-7.
Lesi sikhathi, okuyisikhathi phakathi kokuchayeka kwe-HCV nokuthuthukisa izimpawu nezimpawu , kungase kube mfushane njengamaviki angu-2, kodwa uma nje amasonto angu-23. Uma umzimba wakho udalulwe ku-HCV, igciwane lihamba egazini lakho esibindi . Njengengculazi ye-hepatotropic (amagciwane anjenge-hepatitis A, B, ne-E enesisindo esiqinile sokutheleleka isibindi), i-HCV izwa kahle ekhaya esitokisini sesibindi, okuthiwa i-hepatocyte.
Lapho i-hepatocyte eyanele isifo, isimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela sisabela ngokuthumela esibindi semithi ekhethekile yegciwane, ebizwa ngokuthi i-lymphocytes. Le mpendulo ye-immune ibangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, okubizwa nangokuthi i-hepatitis.
Ukuvuvukala inkemba ehlangene kabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ngoba kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho enza umsebenzi wawo futhi uzama ukuqeda i-hepatocytes yegciwane. Nokho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvuvukala kakhulu isikhathi eside kudala umonakalo. Uma amasosha omzimba engakwazi ukukhipha igciwane ezinyangeni ezingaba yisithupha, ngencazelo uye waba ne-hepatitis C. engapheli.
I-Viral Hepatitis C engapheliyo
I-Hepatitis C ibhekwa njengesifo esingapheli . Ikhula kubantu abaningi abangaba ngu-80% abanesandulela ngculaza futhi kuchazwa ngokuthi abakwazi ukususa igciwane ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Njengoba amasosha omzimba wakho eqhubeka ezama ukuhlasela i-HCV, ngempela isibindi sonakaliswa ukuvuvukala okungapheli, okuvame ukuphumela ku- fibrosis . I-fibrosis ngokweqile esibindi ibizwa ngokuthi i- cirrhosis . Njengoba i-cirrhosis ingaphenduki, odokotela abaningi basikisela ukuthi ukwelashwa ekuqaleni kungavimbela ukwanda kwe-cirrhosis ekuthuthukiseni ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngenxa yokuthi iziguli eziningi ezine-hepatitis ezinengculazi zikhona (ezingenayo izimpawu), abantu abaningi bane-hepatitis engapheli kepha abazi ukuthi banesifo.
Kuvame kakhulu ukuthi abantu bafunde ngokutheleleka kwabo ngemuva kokuthi banikele ngegazi noma kwezinye izivivinyo zelabhu ezingalingani.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-hepatitis ye-viral are generalized, futhi ezinyathelweni zokuqala ukutheleleka ngokuvamile kufana nesimo sofuba. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanegciwane (kuze kufike ku-70%) ngeke babonise noma yiziphi izimpawu futhi kuthiwa bangenakuqhathaniswa.
Kulabo abanezibonakaliso, ngokuvamile bahlangabezana nokukhathala, ubuhlungu obuhlangene nobunzima, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, isicashu, kanye nesifo sohudo. Nakuba i-jaundice iyisibonakaliso esaziwa kakhulu sokushisa kwesifo sofuba, abantu abaningi abayitholi! Kulabo abakwenzayo, abanye bangase babone umchamo obomvu noma izitshalo zobumba kuze kube yizinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuba i-jaundice ikhule.
Ezimweni eziningi, zonke lezi zimpawu zihamba zodwa. Kubantu abahlakulela isifo sofuba esingapheli esiyingozi, ukukhathala ngokweqile (ukukhathala) kuyisikhalazo esivamile.
Ukuthutha
I-virus ye-hepatitis C isakazeka ngokuxhumana okuqondile negazi elinegciwane. Cishe ingxenye yengxenye ye-hepatitis C entsha isakazwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Esikhathini esedlule (ngaphambi kuka-1992), abantu abathola ukugonywa ngegazi kanye nokuguqula izidakamizwa babengozibeka engozini enkulu yokuthola i-HCV. Kodwa-ke, namuhla ochwepheshe be-lab labasebenzi begazi bayakwazi ukuhlola ngokucophelela ukushisa kwesifo sofuba (C) ukuze ukuphefumula nokuguqulwa akuseyona ingozi enkulu yokushiswa kwe-hepatitis C nokudlulisa.
- Ngingawathola I-Hepatitis C Ngokuphuza Emva Komunye Umuntu?
- Ngingasakaza I-Hepatitis C Enganeni Yami?
Ukuxilongwa
Odokotela baxilonga i-viral hepatitis C ngokufuna ama- antibodies ku-virus ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthiwa i-EIA, noma i-enzyme immunoassay. Uhlolo lubucayi kakhulu, kodwa alukhethi kakhulu ekubhekeni amasosha omzimba, ngakho-ke i-EIA enhle ingase ingalungile. Kuye ngezici zakho zobungozi, odokotela bahlola umphumela wokuhlola ngokusebenzisa enye i-test, ebizwa ngokuthi i-RIBA (i-recombinant test immunoblot test). I-RIBA enhle iqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatitis C.
Njengoba ukuhlolwa kwama-antibodies wedwa akukwazi ukuthola ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyingozi yini, okungapheliyo noma ukutheleleka okudlule umzimba osusile, odokotela kumele basebenzise izivivinyo ezahlukene ezehlukene kanye nezibonakaliso nezimpawu ukuze banqume ukuhlolwa kwakho