Isifo sikashukela kanye nokucindezeleka kwegazi kukhona izifo ezihlobene ezidlalana futhi zivame ukuqhubeka zimbi nakakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, ubuhlobo obuphakathi kwesifo sikashukela nomfutho wegazi ophezulu luhlobo lwe-feedback loop elihle, lapho isinyathelo esisodwa sibangela isinyathelo sesibili futhi isinyathelo sesibili "sondla emuva" ukwenza okungaphezulu kwesinyathelo sokuqala.
I-Feedback Loop
Isibonelo esihle kakhulu esifundekayo sobudlelwane bokuziqinisa phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokucindezela kwegazi okwenziwe okwenzeka ezintsheni.
Izinso ziyi-regulator's blood pressure regulator. Ngokulinganisa inani lasoti kanye ne-potassium emzimbeni, izinso ekugcineni zilawula ukuthi ingakanani uketshezi oludonswa njengomchamo. Lo msebenzi olawula uketshezi uyasiza ukuhlunga ukucindezelwa kwegazi okude isikhathi eside ngokulawula ukuthi ingakanani amanzi ekhona emithanjeni yegazi. Ukwenza lo msebenzi kuxhomeke ekugezeni kwegazi okuqhubekayo kuzo zonke izakhiwo ze-capillary ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-glomeruli (iyodwa: glomerulus). I-glomeruli yizinyunithi zokuhlunga zezinso.
Amazinga kashukela ephezulu ahlobene nesifo sikashukela esilahlekelwa yi-capillaries, kuhlanganise nalabo abandakanya i-glomeruli. Ngokuchungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi kwezinyathelo, ushukela ngokweqile wegazi empeleni kubangela izindonga zamapillazi ukuba zishaye futhi, kwezinye izimo, zishintshe ngokuphelele. Ngenkathi izindlela eziqondile ezisekela le nqubo ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuxoxa ngokuningiliziwe, umphumela wokugcina wukuthi i-glomeruli iba yimbi, futhi ikhohliswa ekucabangeni ukuthi ayitholi igazi elanele.
Ngenxa yalokho, izinso ziphendula ngokuphakamisa umfutho wegazi ukubuyisela igazi "elijwayelekile" ukugeleza nge-glomeruli. Ngenxa yokuthi yonakalisiwe, i-glomeruli idinga ukwanda okuqhubekayo emzimbeni wegazi ukuze iqhubeke ihlunga igazi. Njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka, ukuqhubeka nokuvezwa ushukela ophakeme kulimaza i-glomeruli ngaphezulu, okuholela ekucindezeni kwegazi okwandayo njengoba izinso zizama ukulungisa isimo.
Imiphumela Yaso Kwezinye Amalungu
Lezi zincindezi eziphakeme zegazi zinemiphumela egcwele kwezinye izinhlelo zesitho zomzimba, kuhlanganise nemisipha kanye nezindawo zokuvikela izidumbu ze-pancreas. Emisipha, ingcindezi ephakeme ibangela ukuthi imithwalo yegazi ixhumane. Ngenxa yalokho, igazi elingaphansi ligeleza ezindaweni eziningi zomzimba zomzimba.
Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni ngobukhulu bama cell muscle kanye nokunciphisa inani leshukela lawo maseli abamba igazi. Ngenxa yokuthi ushukela oluncane lithathwa egazini, izinga lokushukela mahhala egazini likhuphuka. Le shuga yamahhala ekugcineni yenza indlela eya ezinso, lapho ibangela khona ukulimala kwe-glomerular. Igazi elishintshileyo ligeleza phakathi kwamaphancasi, ngenxa yokuzimela, kungabangela nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ukuphakamisa ushukela wegazi ngisho nangaphezulu.
Ukuvimbela
Ngenxa yokuthi isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu ukuqinisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukulawula okuqinile kokubili ushukela wegazi nomfutho wegazi. Ngisho nokuphakama okuncane kunoma yiziphi iziguli ezibhekene nezifo zombili zingase ziholele ngokushesha emalini (okungukuthi "okukhulisiwe") komonakalo. Lesi yisisekelo esiyinhloko sokuthi imigomo yokwelapha ye-ushukela egazini iyanzima kakhulu ekubekeni kwegazi eliphezulu kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa yomshuwalense wegazi kunzima kakhulu ekusekeni kwesifo sikashukela.
Imithombo:
Ukulawula ukucindezelwa kwegazi kanye nengozi yezinkinga ezinkulu ze-macrovascular and microvascular ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2: UKPDS 38. UK Group Group Study Isifo Sesifo Sikashukela. BMJ 1998; 317: 703.
I-K / DOQI Imikhombandlela Yokuzivocavoca Emtholampilo kanye Nemikhuba Yezokwelapha izincomo zesifo sikashukela nesifo esingenasifo sezinso. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49 (Suppl 2): S17.
Jafar, TH, Stark, PC, Schmid, CH, et al. Ukuqhubeka kwesifo sezinso ezingelapheki: indima yokulawulwa kwegazi, proteinuria, kanye ne-angiotensin-ukuguqula ukuvimbela i-enzyme: ukuhlaziywa kwezinga lesiguli. U-Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 244.
Buse, JB, Ginsberg, HN, Bakris, GL, et al. Ukuvimbela okuyisisekelo izifo zenhliziyo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela: isitatimende sesayensi se-American Heart Association kanye ne-American Diabetes Association. Ukujikeleza kuka-2007; 115: 114.