Kuthathwa kusukela kumaCenter for Disease Control and Prevention
I-Shigellosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa iqembu lama-bacteria okuthiwa yi-Shigella. Njalo ngonyaka, kubikwa amacala angu-18 000 we-shigellosis e-United States. Kusukela amacala amaningi amancane angatholakali noma abikiwe, inani langempela lezifo lingase libe ngaphezulu kwamashumi amabili. I-Shigellosis ivame kakhulu ezilungiselelweni lapho ukuhlanzeka kuyimpofu futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungabhubhisa yonke imiphakathi.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Shigella kuvame kakhulu ehlobo kunebusika. Izingane, ikakhulukazi ezincane ezineminyaka engama-2 kuya kwezingu-4, ziyakwazi ukutheleleka yiShigella. Amacala amaningi ahlobene nokusabalala kokugula ezindaweni zokunakekela izingane, futhi eziningi eziningi ziwumphumela wokusakazeka kokugula emindenini enezingane ezincane.
Ezweni elikhulayo, uShigella uvame kakhulu futhi ukhona emiphakathini eminingi isikhathi esiningi.
Uma umuntu esenayo i-shigellosis, cishe angeke athole uhlobo oluthile lweShigella futhi okungenani iminyaka eminingana. Noma kunjalo, bangakwazi ukutheleleka nezinye izinhlobo zeShigella.
Izimpawu ze-Shigella Infection
Izimpawu ziqala usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kokuba izisulu zivezwe kubhethri yeShigella futhi ngokuvamile zixazulula ezinsukwini ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-7. Abanye abantu abanesandulela ngculaza bangenayo izimpawu nhlobo, kodwa bangase badlulisele amabhaktheriya aseShigella kwabanye. Izimpawu zingafaka:
- isifo sohudo (ngokuvamile esigaziwe)
- umkhuhlane
- izimpande zesisu
- ukuphelelwa yisisu (kungase kuthuthukiswe ngemuva kokuhuda)
Kwamanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane nezindala, uhudo lungaba lukhulu kangangokuthi isisulu sidinga ukungena esibhedlela.
Ukutheleleka okukhulu okunomkhuhlane ophezulu kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokuhlukunyezwa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala.
Abantu abangaba ngu-3% abanesifo esisodwa sikaShigella, uShigella flexneri, bazobe sebehlakulela isifo sikaReiter .
Izimpawu ze-Reiter's syndrome ziyi:
- ubuhlungu emajoyini
- ukucasuka kwamehlo
- ukuvuthwa okubuhlungu
I-Reiter's syndrome ibangelwa ukusabela kokutheleleka kweShigella okwenzeka kuphela kubantu abafakwe ngokwezakhi zofuzo. Ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka, futhi ingabangela isifo samathambo esingapheli okuyinto enzima ukuyiphatha.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Shigella Infection
Ukuhuda kwesisu okubangelwa yi-shigellosis kungaholela ekudambiseni amanzi , okungahle kudingeke ukuthi kuphathwe nge-IV fluids. Uma abantu abaningi emphakathini behlushwa, ama-antibiotic ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ngokukhetha ukuphatha amacala kuphela kakhulu. Ama-antidiarrheal agents angenza ukuthi lesi sifo sibi nakakhulu futhi kufanele sigwenywe.
Ukusakaza i-Shigella
I-Shigella ikhona ezigodini zokudonsa abantu abanegciwane ngenkathi zigula futhi ngesonto noma ezimbili ngemva kwalokho. Iningi le-Shigella ukutheleleka kudluliswa kusuka ezitsheni noma iminwe emilonyeni yomuntu oyedwa emlonyeni womunye umuntu, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuhlanzeka okungcolile kanye nemikhuba yokuhlanza izandla, ikakhulukazi ezincane ezisencane eziqeqeshiwe zangasese. Amalungu omndeni nabalingiswa bezingane ezinjalo basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka.
Ukutheleleka kwe-Shigella kungatholakala ekudleni ukudla okungcolile. Ukutheleleka kwe-Shigella nakho kungatholakala ngokuphuza noma ukubhukuda emanzini angcolile.
Amanzi angase angcoliswe uma amanzi okuthuthwa kwamanzi egijima kuwo, noma uma umuntu onokuthutha kuwo.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-Shigella
- Akukho mgomo wokuvimbela i-shigellosis.
- Abantu abanesifo se-shigellosis akufanele bakulungise ukudla noma bathululele amanzi kwabanye baze baboniswe ukuthi abasakwazi ukuthwala ibhethri yeShigella.
- Ukuqapha okuyisisekelo kokuphepha kokudla kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi okuphuza njalo kuvimbela i-shigellosis. Emabhishi okubhukuda, ukuba namanzi okugeza okwanele eduze nendawo yokubhukuda kusiza amanzi ukuba angcolile.
- Izinyathelo ezilula ezithathwe ngenkathi zihamba ezweni elikhulayo zingavimbela ukuthola i-shigellosis. Phuza kuphela amanzi aphathwe noma abilisiwe, bese udla ukudla okuphekwe kuphela noma izithelo ozithandayo. Izinyathelo ezifanayo zokuvimbela isifo sohudo ngohambo jikelele. "Yilise, uyipheke, uyisuse, noma uyikhohlwe!"
- Geza izandla ngesiphu ngokucophelela futhi njalo, ikakhulukazi emva kokuya endlini yokugezela, emva kokushintsha izindiza, futhi ngaphambi kokulungiselela ukudla noma iziphuzo
- Hlukanisa kahle izindipho ezigcotshwe kahle
- Dedisa izindawo zokuguqula i-diaper ngemva kokuzisebenzisa
- Gcina abantwana benesifo sohudo kusuka kuzilungiselelo zokunakekela izingane
- Ukuqapha ukudoba izandla kwezinsana kanye nezingane ezincane ngemuva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese
- Gwema amanzi okuphuza amanzi.
> Kuthathwe kwiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Ulwazi Olujwayelekile mayelana neShigellosis