Naphezu kokuqwashisa okukhulu komphakathi, izinkolelo ezingalungile ziyaqhubeka
Lapho abantu bezwa ukuthunjwa kwezwi, bavame ukucabanga ngomuntu oye wawa futhi usempilweni yokucindezeleka okubuhlungu. Futhi nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi abanye bazobhekana nalezi zinhlobo zezimpawu, akuzona njalo.
Eqinisweni, kukhona imibono eminingi engalungile abantu abanayo mayelana nokugubha, okubandakanya ukuthi yini ebangela ukuba nabo nokuthi yini ongayenza uma othile ehlangabezana nakho.
Nazi amaqiniso amahlanu alula angasiza ekuchazeni hhayi ukuthi yikuphi ukugubha kodwa ukuthi akuphi:
Ukuzizwa Akukwenzeki
Ukuthunjwa kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kakhulu, kangangokuthi ukusabela komvelo kwemvelo ukuhamba. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu uyesaba ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa ngandlela-thile kuthinteka. Lokhu kungavamile njengoba lokhu kungase kubonakale, ucwaningo oluqhutshwa yi-Epilepsy Foundation ngo-2001 lwembula ukuthi, phakathi kwabantu abangu-19 000 abaxoxwa nabo, cishe uhhafu walabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 bahlale bengabaqiniseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini "ukubamba" isithuthwane.
Okubalulekile ukuthi: ukuqubuka akuketsheziswanga, futhi awukwazi "ukubamba" noma "ukusakaza" isithuthwane ngokuxhumana oye waba nakho.
Ungaba Nesizungu Nganoma Isiphi Isikhathi
Ukuzizwa kungenzeka kusukela ebuntwaneni kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yokuphila. Izingane ziyingozi kakhulu ekubhekaneni nezifo lapho zibhekene nokungajwayelekile okungeyona inkinga efana ne-fever (pyrexia) noma ukuphuza amanzi amaningi (lokho okugcina okwenzela i-sodium eningi emzimbeni nokuphazamisa umsebenzi wobuchopho).
Ehlangothini lwe-flip, ukugabuka kuhlale kuyisici esivamile sokukhathazeka okuhlobene nokuguga okuhlobene nokuguga okufana nesifo se-Alzheimer . Phakathi kwabantu abadala asebekhulile abaye bahlaselwa isifo sohlangothi, cishe amaphesenti angu-10 anesifo esibuhlungu (ubuchopho begazi) kanye namaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili nge-stroke yesischemic (ehilela umkhumbi wegazi ovinjiwe) uzobhekana nesifo esisodwa noma ngaphezulu.
Konke okukhulunywe ngakho, cishe umuntu ngamunye oneminyaka engu-20 ohlala eneminyaka engama-80 uzoba nokuthunjwa.
Noma ubani angaba nomzimba
Kukhona abanye abakholelwa ukuthi ukugubha nokuthunjwa kuyinto eyodwa. Ukuthunjwa, ngencazelo, kuyisenzakalo esiphuthumayo esibangelwa umsebenzi wokucubungula ngokweqile noma ongavumelani. Ukuhlukumeza, ngokuphambene, yisimo sezokwelapha esibonakala ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthunjwa kuyisifo lapho isifo sifo.
Ukuzizwa nakho kuyisibonakaliso sezinye izimo eziningi ezingabamba abantu abangenayo isifo sofuba, kubandakanya:
- I-Vitamin B1, B6, ne-B12 eyanele
- Ukulimala kwekhanda
- Hypoglycemia
- Ukulahlwa
- Isisu senhliziyo
- I-encephalitis noma i-meningitis
- I-cerebral palsy
- Multiple sclerosis
- Ukungondleki
- Imithi yokwelapha efana ne-corticosteroids, estrogen, i-lidocaine, i-propofol, ne-insulini lapho isetshenziswe ngokungalungile noma ngokweqile
- Izidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa ezifana ne-MDMA, i-methamphetamines, ne-cocaine
- Ukuhoxiswa kwezidakamizwa
Kunezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zokuzizwa
Ukuhlushwa ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala kuyingozi. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kungabonakali nakancane. Ukuqothulwa kwe- tonic-clonic yakudala yile hlobo iningi lethu liyabona kusukela ku-TV lapho umuntu eyobhekana nokweqa nokuqina komzimba wonke. Ngokuphambene, ukungabikho kokungabikho kungabangela umuntu ukuba "angene" ngokuzumayo okwesikhashana ngaphambi kokuba abuyele ekuqapheliseni okugcwele.
Kukhona ngisho nohlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-atonic seizure lapho ingxenye yomzimba ihamba khona ngokuzumayo noma ikhanda lizokwehla ngokuzumayo imizuzwana embalwa.
Ungaba Nenhlobo Eyodwa Yokwakheka
Ngokubanzi, kunezigaba ezintathu zokuthungatha umuntu angakwazi ukubhekana nazo:
- Ukuqothulwa kwamandla okuqala okwenziwe ngokujwayelekile yilabo okuthinta zombili izinhlangothi zobuchopho ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi kungafaka phakathi i-tonic-clonic enjalo, ukungabi khona, kanye ne-atonic seizures.
- Ukuqwashisa okugxilwe ngokugxila kokubambe iqhaza kuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa lobuchopho bese kwenzeka lapho umuntu ekwazi futhi ephapheme ngokugcwele.
- Ukuqwashisa kokuqwashisa okugxile ekubhekaneni nakho kuphazamisa ingxenye eyodwa yobuchopho kodwa kungabangela izikhala ekuqaphelweni.
Nakuba isifo sofuba singase sithole uhlobo olulodwa lokuthunjwa, kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinteke eziningana. Uma kunjalo, umuntu angadinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha ukulawula izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuwa.
Ngeke Udingeke Ukuphuza Imithi Yokuzibulala
Ngenkathi ukwelashwa kuvamile kubantu abaphila nesifo sofuba, labo ababhekene nezifo eziphuthumayo ngokuvamile abadingi ukwelashwa. Esikhundleni salokho, odokotela bazovame ukuphatha imbangela eyimbangela yokuthi ngabe i-fever, ukungalingani kwe-electrolytes noma ushukela wegazi, noma umcimbi ohlobene nezidakamizwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abanesifo esibucayi besifo sezinzwa ngokuvamile bazodinga izidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo ukuze zilawule ukuhlukunyezwa okuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abanomdlavuza womqondo, abangamaphesenti angu-60 azobhekana nokuqothulwa ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuhlinzeka ngegazi.
Ukwelashwa Kunokuhluka Kakhulu Ukuzizwa
Asikho isidakamizwa esisodwa esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukukhwabanisa. I-Antiepileptics yiqembu elihlukile lemithi elinezinqubo ezahlukene zesenzo. Lezi zidakamizwa zinqunywe ngokususelwa ezinhlotsheni zokubanjwa kwakho, okufaka:
- Ukungabikho kwemithwalo
- Ama-atonic ahlasela
- I-Cluster igxeka, iyenzeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ngamahora noma izinsuku
- I-Episodic ("okuyingxenye") iyanqamuka
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamazinyane
- Ukuthinta ukuya esikhathini ( ukugaya ) kuyangena
- Ukuqubuka kwe-myoclonic, okubonakala ngokungahambisani nemisipha
- Ukuhlushwa kwe-Tonic-clonic
Kunezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kuka-25 zokulwa nesithuthwane ezamukelwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration ukuze ukwelashwa. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amaphesenti angu-70 abantu abanesifo sokuwa nesifo sokushona angase alawulwe ngokuphelele ngokusetshenziswa kwala mithi.
> Umthombo:
> Institute of Medicine. (2012) Isithuthwane Kuyo yonke i-Spectrum: Ukukhuthaza impilo nokuqonda. Washington, DC: I-National Academy Press.