Ochwepheshe bezeMpilo, e-United States nakwamanye amazwe, bangase bathambekele ekusetshenzisweni kabi kwezidakamizwa, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa. Ucwaningo oluthile oluvela e-Australia, lubonisa ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, abaqeqeshiwe bezempilo abangu-37 bayafa ngonyaka odlule ngenxa yezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwezidakamizwa.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukuhlolwa kukahulumeni wase-US bathole ukuthi abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-168,000 abasebenzi bezempilo kanye nabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle bahlanganyela ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa ezingavumelekile unyaka ngamunye.
Phakathi kuka-2003 no-2013, ama-coroners ase-Australia abhalwa izifo ezingama-404 ezihlobene nezidakamizwa phakathi kwabaqeqeshiwe bezempilo, kanti abahlengikazi babhekene namaphesenti angu-63 alabo ababulawa kanye nabasebenzi bezokwelapha ngamaphesenti angu-18.
Abacwaningi bathi izidakamizwa eziningi zitholakale ngokungekho emthethweni emsebenzini wabasebenzi, kungaba ukwebiwa noma ukuzithiba. Bathi izinto eziningana zingase zibeke abasebenzi abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ekusebenziseni kabi izidakamizwa nokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kubandakanya imisebenzi yokucindezeleka okukhulu, amahora omsebenzi omude, nokufinyelela okulungele izinto ezilawulwayo.
Ochwepheshe abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi inkinga ibangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kokucindezeleka okuhlobene nomsebenzi nokufinyeleleka kalula kwezidakamizwa.
Okwenza Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwemvelo Kukhula Phakathi Kwezisebenzi Zezokwelapha
Ukuze kuvezwe lo mkhuba, uKing Runyon, Isiphathimandla Sokuthobela kanye no-Vice President of Community Relations kwi-Novus Medical Detox Centre eFlorida, wabelane ngeminye imibono yakhe ngenani elikhulayo lokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa phakathi kwabasebenzi bezempilo.
(I-Novus Medical Detox Centre iyisakhiwo sokunakekelwa kwezidakamizwa esihlose ukusiza ukwazisa umphakathi wezempilo mayelana nokushayeka kwezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kwabasebenzi bokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi ngokushesha abaqashi bakwazi ukubhekana nayo ngezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe ezinikezwe ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa nokunikeza ukwelashwa okufanele.)
Ucabanga ukuthi kungani ucabanga ukuthi izidakamizwa zivame kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenzi bezempilo? Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezidakamizwa kuyenzeka emphakathini wethu wonke, ngakho-ke iqiniso lokuthi lishaya abasebenzi bethu bezempilo futhi akusilo isimanga esikhulu. Okubangela ukuba abasebenzi abaningi bezempilo bafinyelele emithini yemithi kadokotela endaweni yokusebenzela, okwenze kube lula, noma kube yingozi, ukusebenzisa lezi zinto. Sesanda kuphazamisa udokotela owayeba uFentanyl endaweni yakhe yokusebenzela ukuze adle umlutha wakhe kulowo muthi.
Yini isisebenzi sezempilo esingayenza uma ecabanga ukuthi usebenza naye ngokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa? Indawo ngayinye yomsebenzi izoba nezinhlaka ezahlukahlukene zokubika izindaba ezifana nalokhu emsebenzini. Ezimweni eziningi, impendulo efanele iyoba ukubika ukukhathazeka kumphathi osheshayo noma ukubika ukukhathazeka ngqo kumuntu eMnyangweni Wezabasebenzi.
Yiziphi ezinye zezibonakaliso noma imikhuba engenzeka ukuthi uchwepheshe wezezempilo angabonisa ukuthi ungumlutha, noma usebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala?
- Ukuphuza njalo noma ukungabikho okuchaziwe. Lokhu kuzofaka futhi ushintsho noma inani elingavamile lamaphakheji athathwe
- Ukungahambisani nokusebenza emsebenzini.
- Izinkinga zemali.
- Izingozi ezincane ezincane ezibangelwa ukulimala okuncane noma izinto eziphukile.
- Izimpawu ezingavamile ngokomzimba noma ukuziphatha (ukungahlali okuqinile, umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka / ukukhishwa komzimba, ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuzumayo, izinkinga zamazinyo, ukugqoka imikhono emide ezinsukwini ezishisayo njll)
- Ukuntuleka okungazelelwe ngokubukeka komuntu siqu nokuhlanzeka.
- Ukuguquguquka kwe-Moody kanye nendawo yonke ekuphenduleni kwabo emakhakheni akhayo nakwezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana zomsebenzi.
- Ukungafuni ukukhuluma ngezinto zokuzilibazisa, impilo yomndeni, noma izithakazelo zomuntu kumuntu owafika ngaphambili.
- Amazinga aphansi okukhiqiza ekuseni; ukuvilapha okujwayelekile uma kuqala ukubika ukusebenza
- Amehlo egazi, noma izikhwama ngaphansi kwamehlo ezibonisa ukungabi nesikhathi sokulala.
- Ushintsho ekuzibandakanyeleni komphakathi nabasebenzi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, akusekho isikhathi sokusebenzisa isikhathi sokuphumula noma ngemuva kwamahora nabasebenza nabo.
Yini abaqashi bezempilo abangayenza ukuze banciphise le nkinga emsebenzini? Abaqashi kufanele balondoloze inqubomgomo enhle yokusebenzela izidakamizwa, kanye nemikhuba emihle njengokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa, imfundo yabasebenzi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusiza abasebenzi (EAP). Ukwengeza, abaqashi nabaphathi abaphezulu badinga ukusebenzisa nokugcina izinga eliphakeme lokuphepha nokuziphendulela izinto ezilawulwayo. Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthi umhlengikazi noma udokotela angakwazi ukuqondisa kabusha [imithi] ukuze ayisebenzise.
Ukubuka Okubhekayo
Ngaphakathi kwe-United States, umbiko wamuva mayelana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa embonini uma kuqhathaniswa idatha ehlanganisiwe kusukela ngo-2003 kuya ku-2007 no-2008-2012, futhi wathola inani labaqeqeshiwe bezempilo kanye nabasebenzi bezenhlalakahle abasebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni kusukela esikhathini esiyi-164,600 ukuya 168,400 ngonyaka. Indaba yokuphenya yase- USA TODAY iphinde yembula ukuthi oyedwa kwabangu-10 abazobhekana nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa noma utshwala ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo.
Okwenza lokhu kusetshenziswe ngokuqondene, ukuthi labo abasebenzi bezempilo baphathiswe ukunakekela abanye, kanti ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaningi badinga ukwelashwa okujulile ngokwabo.
"Abasebenzi bezempilo balindeleke ukuba badlale indima ebalulekile ekuboneni nasekwelapha iziguli ezinokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Kodwa-ke izifundo zibonisa ukuthi iningi lazo lilwa izimpi zalo ngokumelene nokulutha nokulondeka, "kusho uWes Wesch, uMqondisi we-Admissions we-Novus Medical Detox Centre. "Laba bantu bangangazi ukuthi izingozi zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa nokusebenzisa kabi kabi, ngakho iqiniso lokuthi ziye zaba yisisulu sawo zifakazela ukuthi akekho umuntu olwa nomlutha noma othembekile."
Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa embonini yezempilo kungase kungakhanjelwa noma kungabikwe phansi, uWesch uthi amadrama adumile njengochungechunge lweNetflix uMhlengikazi Jackie uye wakhulisa ukukhathazeka ngale ndaba, kanti izindaba zezindaba zibonise imiphumela engaba khona. Isibonelo, isazi esisodwa esibhedlela esitholakale sizijova ngezidakamizwa zeziguli futhi sigcwalisa izilonda nge-saline kukholakala ukuthi sinegciwane lesiguli ezingaphezu kuka-45 ezine-hepatitis.
"Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezidakamizwa phakathi kwabasebenzi bezempilo kungaba nemiphumela emibi kubasebenzi kanye neziguli ngokufanayo," kuxwayisa uWesch. "Kungakho kungcono kakhulu kubaqashi ukuba babe nezinhlelo nezinqubomgomo zokubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngaphambi kokuba ziholele emiphumeleni ebulalayo. Abaphathi kufanele baqaphele abasebenzi ngenxa yezibonakaliso zokucindezeleka nokusebenza ngokweqile, futhi banikeze izinsizakalo ezempilo zengqondo ukuvimbela abasebenzi 'ukuzibulala' ukuze babhekane nezidingo zemisebenzi yabo. "
Isenzo sokuyala
Ukwengeza kwinkimbinkimbi yalesi simo yiqiniso lokuthi abasebenzi abaningi bezempilo bayazi kahle ukuthi umsebenzi wabo ungadliwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa . Isenzo sokuqondisa izigwegwe singabandakanya ilayisense ukumiswa noma ukukhishwa ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuthi futhi kuze kube yilapho sekuphathwa. Ngisho noma udokotela , ngokwesibonelo, akwazi ukugcwalisa ngempumelelo ukwelashwa kokulutha noma ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, ukumiswa kwelayisense kusele erekhodi lakhe, okusebenza njengefulegi elibomvu labaqashi besikhathi esizayo. Lokhu kungabangela abasebenzi bezempilo ukuthi bagweme ukufuna usizo ngomzamo wokufihla inkinga. Noma kunjalo, inkinga yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ngokuvamile ekugcineni ibamba nomhlukumezi, kodwa kungaze kube ngemva kokulimala okungaphezu kwabo bonke abathintekayo: iziguli, osebenza nabo, kanye nomhlukumezi ngokwakhe, noma yena.
Ngakho-ke, uWesch uphinde welule abaqashi ukuba banikeze futhi bakhuthaze ukufinyelela kwezihlelo zokwelapha izidakamizwa kunokuthembela kuphela kwizinqubomgomo zokujezisa. "Uma ochwepheshe bezempilo beyesaba imisebenzi yabo, kungenzeka ukuthi bafihle ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwempahla kunokufuna usizo. Ngokufanayo, abasebenzi bangase bakwazi ukumboza abanye abasebenzi abasolwa ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngoba abafuni ukuthola noma ubani othunjelwe, "kuchaza. "Uma abaqashi bexhasa izinhlelo zokuvuselela izidakamizwa, zingashukumisela abasebenzisi ukuba bahlanzeke. Ibuye inikeze isikhungo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo ithuba lokuba kuphinde kutholakale isisebenzi esizibophezelekile nesinolwazi kunokuba sithole futhi siqeqeshe esikhundleni. "
> Imithombo:
> Pilgrim, uJennifer L .; I-Rhyse Dorward; no-Olaf H. Drummer. "Ukusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa-Kwabangela Ukufa Emisebenzini Yezokwelapha zase-Australia kanye Nezokwelapha-Abaqeqeshiwe"; Umlutha; NgoNovemba 20, 2016. onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/add.13619/full
> Bush, uDonna M. noRachel N. Lipari. Umbiko we-CBHSQ: Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nge-Industry; Ukuhlukumeza izidakamizwa kanye nokuPhathwa kweziNhlelo zezeMpilo yengqondo, Isikhungo seSitatimende seMpilo nokuPhila; Ngo-Ephreli 16, 2015.
> Scott, uSophie noDkt Norman Swan. "Ucwaningo lubonisa izinga eliphakeme 'lokuzibulala' okuhlobene nezidakamizwa phakathi kwabahlengikazi"; I-ABC (i-Australian Broadcasting Corporation); NgoNovemba 20, 2016.
> Eisler, Peter. "Odokotela, Abasebenzi Bezidakamizwa Beka Iziguli Ezingozini"; USA NAMUHLA; Ngo-Ephreli 17, 2014.