I-scarlet fever isifo esivela yiqembu I-streptococcus (iqembu A strep), amabhaktheriya afanayo aphethwe yi- strep throat . Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-scarlatina, ibhekene nokushona nokulimi olubomvu. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukushaya izingane phakathi kweminyaka engu-5 no-15 futhi okungajwayelekile, uma kwenzeka, kuthinta abantu abadala. Nakuba ngabe isifo esiyingozi ebuntwaneni, umkhuhlane obomvu manje uphethwe kakhulu futhi awuvamile emkhakheni wezwe.
Izimpawu
I-scarlet fever ngokuvamile iqala ngomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, nezinye izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokutheleleka kwe-strep, njenge-headache nama-chills.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, ukuqhuma kwe-sandpapery kubonakala esikhumbeni, okusiza ukuhlukanisa umkhuhlane obomvu kusuka e-garden-varip strep throat. Ukuqhuma kuzoqhubeka isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuba izimpawu zokuqala zomzimba obomvu ziphendule ukwelashwa. Ngezinye izikhathi isikhumba ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba sizobhekana namaviki ambalwa.
Nakuba kungavamile, umkhuhlane omnyama ungathuthuka ngemuva kokutheleleka kocansi kwesikhumba ezifana ne- impetigo . Esikhundleni sokuqala njengesifo somphimbo, umkhuhlane obomvu wawuqala ngezibonakaliso zokutheleleka nxazonke ukushisa noma ukulimala.
Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, ukushisa komfutho obomvu kungabangela izinkinga zempilo yesikhathi eside, okubandakanya nezinkinga ze-rheumatic fever nezinkinga zezinso. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi izinkinga ezinjalo zingavamile kakhulu futhi zivinjelwe kalula ngokuphatha imfiva ebomvu (kanye nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo) ngokushesha kanye ne-antibiotic ephelele.
Izimbangela
Ama-bacteria e-Group A strep anesibopho sezinhlobo eziningi zokutheleleka, kufaka phakathi umgogodla we-strep nezinye izifo zesikhumba. Ama-bacteria asemkhakheni we-group A strep obangela imfiva ebomvu ikhiqiza i-toxin enesibopho sokushisa okubomvu kanye "nolimi lwe-strawberry" okuyizici ezihlukile zezifo.
Ama-bacteria eqembu lama-A ahamba ngamaconsi e-fluid anegciwane asebenza emoyeni lapho umuntu olelekile ekhwehlela noma ecula. Ukuthinta into okuthiwa ama-bacteria afike kuwo bese ethinta umlomo wakho, amehlo, noma impumu kungabangela ukuba unesifo.
Lesi sifo sisakazeka kakhulu ezimweni ezigcwele. Ukugeza izandla nokumboza ukukhwehlela nokukhipha kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusakazeka. Ingane isathatha isifo kuze kube ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili zama-antibiotic.
Ukuxilongwa
I-scarlet fever itholakala ngendlela efanayo ne-strep throat. I- swab ye-throat iyathathwa futhi noma ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kokusakaza kwenziwa noma isampula ikhuliswe ukuze ibone ukuthi i-bacteria ye-streptococcus ikhona. Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kungabonisa imiphumela emihle kungakapheli imizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyishumi, kodwa imiphumela evela kumasiko ingathatha izinsuku ezimbili. Bobabili ukuhlola kuzovame ukuqhutshwa ngoba ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kungathembeka.
Ukwelapha
Kunezici ezimbili ezibalulekile zokwelapha umkhuhlane obomvu-ukubulala amabhaktheriya nokunciphisa izimpawu.
Ukwelashwa okuphelele kwama-antibiotic kubalulekile. Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa kakhulu i-penicillin ne-amoxicillin. Kubantu abaphikisana ne-penicillin, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuphepha.
Ukubhekana nezibonakaliso ezingenakuzwakala futhi ezibuhlungu ngezinye izikhathi zomzimba obomvu, kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa zasemakhaya kanye nemithi yokwedlula i-counter-the-counter (OTC).
Lezi zihlanganisa izindlela ezilula zokwehlisa isisu somzimba njengokudla ukudla okubandayo, ukuphuza utshwala obufudumele, nokusebenzisa igumbi ukugcina umoya onomanzi. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) angakwazi ukwehlisa umkhuhlane futhi unciphise ama-aches nomzimba jikelele.
Izwi elivela
I-scarlet fever yayisinye isifo esiyingozi futhi esivamile ebuntwaneni. Ngekhulu le-19, kwakungenxa yokufa kwezingane eziningi. Manje ukuthi ingelashwa kalula futhi ngempumelelo, akusisona isongo ngaphambili. Kube khona ukuqhuma eminyakeni yamuva, noma kunjalo. Kusukela ngo-2014, ukukhula kwemfucuza ebomvu kwaqala ukwanda eNgilandi naseMpumalanga Asia, ngokusho kombiko we-2018 ku -Lancet .
Abacwaningi abaqiniseki ukuthi kwenzekani ekukhuphukeni komfutho obomvu kula mazwe, nakuba kucatshangwa ukuthi ukumelana nemithi ethile yama-antibiotiki kungenzeka ukuthi yenze indima e-Asia. Kodwa naphezu kokuvuselelwa komkhuhlane obomvu ezindaweni ezithile zomhlaba, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi sifo asisona isishayo esivamile sobuntwana okwakukhona.
> Imithombo:
> Davies, MR. et.al. Ukuvuka kwe-Scarlet Fever Streptococcus Pyogenes Emm12 Clones eHong Kong Ihlangene Nokutholwa Kwe-Toxin nokuMelana neMiddrug. Nat Genet . 2015 Jan; 47 (1): 84-7. I-DOI: 10.1038 / ng.3147.
> Guy, R., et.al. Ukwandisa kwizaziso ze-scarlet fever e-United Kingdom, 2013/2014. I-Euro Surveill . 2014 Mar 27; 19 (12): 20749.
> Lamagni, T., et.al. Ukubuya kwe-Scarlet Fever eNgilandi, ngo-2014-16: Ucwaningo oluthile olwenziwa ngabantu. I-Lancet . I-Vol 18, No. 2. p180-187. Feb 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30693-X.
> Ralph, AP, uCarapetis, JR. Iqembu I-Streptococcal Diseases Nomthwalo Wabo Womhlaba Wonke. I-Curr Top Microbiol Immunol , 2013; 368: 1-27. I-DOI: 10.1007 / 82_2012_280.