Uhlelo lokugaya umzimba lubalulekile emsebenzini. Ukudla akuyona ifomu umzimba ongawusebenzisa kalula, ngakho-ke uhlelo lokugaya kufanele luphule zibe izingxenye zalo. Ngokugaya, umzimba uthola izakhi okudingayo ekudleni futhi uqede noma yini engayidingi. Lokhu kuboniswa okuyisisekelo ngempela kwesistimu yokugaya, kodwa kusobala ukuthi kukhona okuningi okuningi okungena kuwo okwenza konke kusebenze.
Futhi, ngeshwa, lokhu kusho nokuthi izinto zingahamba kahle kakhulu kalula. Ngenhloso yale ngqungquthela, sibheka indlela ephilile yokuguga engazange iguqulwe ngukuhlinzwa , njenge- colectomy , i- gallbladder ukususwa , noma ukuthengiswa .
Ubude beSimiso sokuGaya
Uhlelo lokugaya lungashintsha ubude cishe kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa lungaba ngamamitha angaba ngu-25 ukuya kwangu-28 ubude kubantu abaningi, kanti ezinye zihlala cishe izinyawo ezingaba ngu-30. I-hoop is cishe amasentimitha angu-9 kuya kwezingu-10 ubude, intombazane encane ingamamitha angu-23 ubude, futhi amathumbu amakhulu angamamitha amahlanu ubude, ngokwesilinganiso.
Kude Kude Kanjani Ukudla Ukugaya
Isikhathi esithathayo sokudla ukugaya kungahlukana kancane komuntu nomuntu naphakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi yonke inqubo ithatha cishe amahora angu-50 kubantu abanempilo, kodwa ingahluka phakathi kuka-24 no-72, ngokuya ngezici eziningana. Ngemuva kokuhlafuna ukudla nokugwinya, idlula esiswini nangaphansi kwamathumbu amancane esikhathini esingamahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-7.
Isikhathi esidlula emathunjini amakhulu sisekude kakhulu, silinganiso cishe amahora angu-40. Kwabesilisa isikhathi esivamile sokugaya ukudla sisifushane kakhulu kunabesifazane. Ukuba nesimo sokugaya esithinta isikhathi sokuhamba (isikhathi esithatha ukudla sokudlula ohlelweni lokugaya) singanciphisa noma sandise isikhathi.
Kungani Ukugaya Kubalulekile
Sidla ngoba sidinga ukondla, kepha ukudla kwethu akuyona into emzimbeni yethu engangena kalula kumaseli ethu. Kuyinto yokugaya okuthatha isidlo sasekuseni futhi siyiphule phansi. Uma sehlehliwe zibe izingxenye, ingasetshenziswa ngumzimba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inqubo yamakhemikhali, futhi empeleni iqala emlonyeni ngamathe. Uma izingxenye zokudla zikhishwa, zingasetshenziswa ngamaseli omzimba wethu ukukhulula amandla, enze amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, akhe amathambo, futhi enze zonke ezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze umzimba uqhubeke. Ngaphandle kwenqubo yokugaya, umzimba ngeke ukwazi ukuzimela.
Kusuka Emlonyeni Kuya Ku-Anus
Uhlelo lwesisu lokugaya lungumuthi owodwa omude ogijima emlonyeni wakho kuya ku-anus yakho. Kuyinto enhle kakhulu ukucabanga ngakho ngaleyo ndlela, kodwa yilokho ngempela. Manje, kukhona ama-valve nezimpande bese uphenduka endleleni, kodwa ekugcineni, ukudla okungena emlonyeni wakho kuphuma ku- anus yakho. Isikhala esingenalutho emathunjini amancane namakhulu okudla okuhambayo kuthiwa yi- lumen . Ukudla empeleni kuqhutshelwa ku-lumen kuwo wonke uhlelo lokugaya ngamasipha akhethekile, futhi leyo nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-peristalsis.
Uma uhlafuna ukudla bese ugwinya, lezi yizakhi emzimbeni wakho ukuthi ukudla kudlula phakathi nohambo lwayo kuze kube ku-anus:
- Umlomo . Ukuphazamiseka kokudla kuqala ngokuhlafuna nokuxuba ukudla ngamathe. Uma ukudla kuhloswe ngokwanele, siyazigwinya ngokuzithandela. Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokugaya isenzo esingenasidingo.
- I-Esophagus . Uma ukudla kugwinya, kuhamba phansi kwe-esophagus futhi ngokusebenzisa i-valve ebizwa ngokuthi i-sphincter engezansi ephansi esiswini.
- Isisu . Isisu lapho i-rubber ihlangana khona nomgwaqo ekugayeni. Kukhona amajusi okugaya esiswini esisisiza ukudiliza ukudla kanye nemisipha lapho kuxuba ukudla. Ngemva kwesisu sesenze umsebenzi walo, kunesinye i-valve, ebizwa ngokuthi i-valve pyve, evumela ukuthi ukudla kudlule esiswini futhi kube yingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane, okuthiwa i-duodenum.
- Amathumbu amancane . Uma ukudla kufinyelela emathunjini amancane, kuhlanganiswe namajusi amaningi okugaya ama-pancreas nesibindi ukuwaphula. I-peristalsis emisipha isasebenza, ihamba yonke into. Umathumbu omncane yilapho iningi lazo izakhi likhishwa ekudleni. Izindonga zamathumbu zithatha amavithamini namaminerali. Noma yini noma umzimba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa noma ayikwazi ukuwaphulukisa isuke isuka kuwo wonke amathumbu amancane, ngokusebenzisa i-valve yeocececal, futhi iya e-adventure yayo elandelayo emathunjini amakhulu.
- Amathumbu amakhulu . Amathumbu amakhulu akwenzi ukugaya okuningi, kodwa lapho kukhona okuningi oketshezi olutholakala emthonjeni. Izinto ezingaphenduliwe zihanjiswa, ezingathatha usuku noma ngaphezulu, bese zingena engxenyeni yokugcina ye-colon, okuyi-rectum. Uma kunesihlalo emgodleni, kunciphisa isifiso sokuthi sinciphise, futhi ekugcineni izinto zokuchitha imfucuza zixoshwa ngaphandle kwe-anus njengokunyakaza kwesisu.
Izwi elivela
Uhlelo lokugaya lungathinta umzimba wonke ngoba zonke izinhlelo zomzimba zidinga ukondla ukusebenza. Izifo nemibandela yegciwane lokugaya kungaba nethonya elikhulu kulo lonke umzimba uma izakhi zingenakuthola kahle. Uhlelo lokugaya luyinkimbinkimbi kanti ngenkathi kukhona ukuhlukahluka okunye, kubantu abaningi abanezinhlelo zokugaya ukudla okunempilo, ukudla kuthatha amahora angama-50 ukudlula yonke indlela.
> Umthombo:
Notghi A, Hutchinson R, Kumar D, Smith NB, Harding LK. "Indlela elula yokwenza isilinganiso se-colonial transit time segmental." Gut . 1994 Jul; 35: 976-981.