Nakuba ososayensi abaqiniseki ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani futhi kanjani ama-gallstones, kubonakala sengathi kwenzeka lapho i-bile yakho ine-cholesterol kakhulu, i-bilirubin kakhulu, hhayi ama-salt salut ngokwanele, noma uma i-gallbladder yakho isebenza ngendlela engavamile. Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga ezibangelwa ama-gallstones, njengoba ubudala, ukukhuluphala, izifo ezithile, nokudliwa yizinto eziyingozi.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ama-gallstones ahlakulela, mhlawumbe kusobala, e-gallbladder , isilwane esenziwe nge-pear ngaphansi kwesibindi ngakwesokudla kwesisu. I-gallbladder ingamamitha amayintshi ubude ubude no-1 intshi ububanzi endaweni yayo ebanzi kakhulu, futhi igcina futhi ikhiphe ibhilika emathunjini ukusiza ukugaya.
Ibhethri yomswakama owenziwe isibindi esiza ekugayeni. I-bile iqukethe izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bile salts ezenza njenge-detergents zemvelo ukuze ziphule amafutha ekudleni esikudlayo. Njengoba ukudla kudlula esiswini kuya emathunjini amancane, i-gallbladder ikhipha ibhala enqoleni ye-bile . Lezi zingqimba, noma amashubhu, zigijima zisuka esibindi kuya emathunjini. Ibile futhi kusiza ukuqeda i-cholesterol eyengeziwe emzimbeni. Isibindi senza i-cholesterol ibe yi-bile, esuke isuswa emzimbeni ngesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
Iningi labacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi okungenani kunezimo ezine ezidingekayo ukwakha ama-gallstones:
- I-cholesterol eyengeziwe ngokweqile: I- Bile iba yi-supersaturated nge-cholesterol, okusho ukuthi iqukethe i-cholesterol engaphezu kwe-bile yakho. Lokhu kungabangela uketshezi lwe-cholesterol futhi ekugcineni uphenduke ngamatshe.
- I-bilirubin eyengeziwe ngokweqile: Kunezimo ezithile zempilo ezingabangela i-bilirubin eningi kakhulu ebhodini lakho, kufaka phakathi i-cirrhosis yesibindi, izinkinga ezithile zegazi zofuzo, kanye nokutheleleka emkhakheni wakho wezinhlamvu. Okubi kakhulu i-bilirubin kungaholela ekugqithweni kwe-pigment gallstones.
- Amanoni ambalwa kakhulu we-bile enyeni yakho: Lokhu kungabangela amaciloni noma awunayo i-bile salts eyanele yokwehlisa i-cholesterol nge-bile yakho noma ngenxa yokudla kakhulu kwe-cholesterol enyeni yakho ye-bile usawoti.
- Ukusebenza okungavamile kwe-gallbladder: I-gallbladder ayitholi inkontileka ngokwanele ukuze ingenalutho i-bile yayo ngokugcwele noma ngokugcwele, okungaholela ekubeni ibhala lakho libheke phambili.
I-Genetics
Uma unomlando womndeni wama-gallstones, amathuba akho okuthuthukisa nawo mkhulu. Kodwa-ke, izifundo eziningi ziye zabonisa ukuthi izakhi zofuzo zenza cishe amaphesenti angu-25 yengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones.
Uma ungumMdabu waseMelika, kungenzeka kube nesimo sezinto ezifuywayo zokufaka izakhi eziphakeme ze-cholesterol nge-bile yakho.
Izindlela Zengozi Yokuphila
Kunezinto eziningana zokuphila eziyingozi ezingase zibe nomthelela emagumbini amancane, kuhlanganise nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esisheshayo nokudliwayo.
Ukukhuluphala
Ukukhuluphala kuyisimo esiyinhloko esinobungozi bezinhlamvu zamagciwane. Ososayensi bavame ukusebenzisa i-formula yembalo ebizwa ngokuthi i-body mass index (BMI) ukuchaza ukukhuluphala (BMI = isisindo ngama-kilogram ehlukaniswe ukuphakama ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane). Uma ukhulu kakhulu, ingozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones.
Ucwaningo oluthile lubonise ukuthi abesifazane abane-BMI ephakeme cishe cishe kathathu bakwazi ukuthuthukisa ama-gallstones njengabesifazane abane-BMI enempilo.
Kungani ukukhuluphala kuyinto engozini ye-gallstones akucaci, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kubantu abakhulu kakhulu, isibindi sikhiqiza i-cholesterol kakhulu.
I-cholesterol eyedlulele iholela ku-supersaturation ku-gallbladder.
Ukulahlekelwa Isisindo Ngokushesha
Abantu abalahlekelwe isisindo esikhulu ngokushesha basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones. Eqinisweni, i-gallstones ingenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo ngokuzithandela. Ubuhlobo bokudliwayo emigodini yamagundane buye kwakamuva nje.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa nokuthi abantu abakhuluphele bahlakulela ama-gallstones ngenkathi bedla ukudla okuncane kakhulu kwekhalori. Izidlo ezincane kakhulu zekhalori zivame ukuchazwa njengalawo anama-khalori angu-800 ngosuku, evame ukwakhiwa kokudla okusesimweni esisodwa futhi uthathwe isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile amasonto angu-12 kuya kwangu-16.
Ama-gallstones akhulayo kubantu abadla kakhulu nge-calorie kakhulu ngokuvamile abathuli futhi abakhiqizi izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, cishe ingxenye yesithathu ye-dieters eyathuthukisa i-gallstones kulezi zifundo yayinezibonakaliso futhi ingxenye yazo idinga ukuhlinzeka nge-gallbladder .
Ama-gallstones nawo avamile phakathi kweziguli ezikhulu kakhulu ezithwala isisindo ngokushesha emva kokuhlinzwa kwesisu esiswini, lapho ubukhulu besisu selinciphile khona, ukuvimbela umuntu ukuba angadli ngokweqile. Ama-gallstones angenzeka kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukudla
Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukugaya ukudla kungabangela ukushintshwa kwe-bile salts ne-cholesterol ku-gallbladder. Izinga le- cholesterol landa futhi inani le-salts le-bile liyehla. Ukuhamba isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla (ukweqa ibhulakufesi, isibonelo), umkhuba ovamile phakathi kwe-dieters, kungase futhi kunciphise i-gallbladder contractions. Uma i-gallbladder ingayitholi kaningi ngokwanele ukuze inqamule i-bile, ama-gallstones angase akha.
Uma ukulahleka okukhulu kwesisindo noma okusheshayo kwandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones, ukulahleka kwesisindo kancane kancane kuzobonakala kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola ama-gallstones. Kodwa-ke, kudingekile izifundo zokuhlola le mbono.
Ezinye izidlo ezinamakholori aphansi angeke zibe namafutha anele okwenza i-gallbladder ingenele ngokwanele ukuze ingenalutho yayo. Ukudla noma ukudla okuqukethe cishe amagremu ayi-10 (ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zamafutha) kuyadingeka ukuze i-gallbladder ivumelane ngokujwayelekile. Kodwa futhi, akukho zifundo ezihlobanise ngqo nokubunjwa kokudla komsoco engozini ye-gallstones.
Futhi, akukho zifundo eziye zaqhutshwa emiphumeleni yokudliwa okuphindaphindiwe ekwakhiweni kwe-gallstone, ngokusebenzisa indlela yokulahlekelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe nokuthola isisindo kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwandise amathuba okuthuthukisa ama-gallstones.
Ezinye Izinto Zokuphila
Ezinye izinto zokuphila ezingase zenze amathuba akho okuthuthukisa amathunti amancane afaka:
- Ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okuphezulu kwe-cholesterol, kanye / noma okuphansi kwefiber
- Ukungatholi umzimba owanele
- Ukuzila ukudla, okunciphisa ukunyakaza kwakho kwe-gallbladder, okuvumela i-cholesterol ukuqoqa
Ezinye izimbangela zeengozi
Ezinye izici ezingozini zezingulube zihlanganisa:
- Iminyaka engu-40 noma ngaphezulu
- Ubulili (abesifazane basengozini enkulu kunamadoda)
- Ubuhlanga, ikakhulukazi iMelika yaseMelika neMelika yaseMexico
- Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride
- I-cholesterol ephansi kakhulu ye-lipoprotein (HDL)
- Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-cholesterol
- Isifo sikashukela
- Isifo sikaCrohn esiqeshini esibulalayo
- Amazinga aphezulu e-estrogen kusukela ekukhulelwe, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone esikhundleni, noma amaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukutheleleka kwama-bile
- I-cirrhosis
- I-anemia
Lapho ama-Gallstones ephuthumayo
Ama-gallstones angabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Ezinye izimpawu okufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngokushesha zihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder okuhambisana nokujuluka, ukubola, umkhuhlane, i- jaundice noma izitshalo ezinobumba . Uma unesifo esiswini esiswini esihambisana nokuhlanza noma isifo sohudo , kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
> Imithombo:
> Johns Hopkins Medicine. Ama-gallstones.
> Abasebenzi beMayo Clinic. Ama-gallstones. I-Mayo Clinic. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 17, 2017.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso Zokugaya. Ukudla kanye nama-Gallstones. Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 2017.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso Zokugaya. Izimpawu Nezimbangela ZamaGallstones. Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 2017.
> Portincasa P, Di Ciaula A, Grattagliano I. Ukuvimbela isifo soMisa: Icala lamaGallstones Izifo: Indima Nokuncintisana Kwezazi Zomndeni. I-Korean Journal of Medicine Family . 2016; 37 (4): 205-213. doi: 10.4082 / kjfm.2016.37.4.205.