Amafomu e-Gallstones uma kungalingani ekubunjeni kwe-bile, okwenza kube ngamatshe anzima ayenziwe nge-cholesterol egqinsiwe, i-pigment, noma ingxube yale mibini. Ama-gallstones angaba ngosayizi kusuka ezincane njengokusanhlamvu kwesihlabathi kuze kube mkhulu njengebhola legalofu. Ungaba ne-gallstone eyodwa enkulu, inqwaba yamakhulu ama-gallstones amancane, noma ukuhlanganiswa kokubili amatshe amakhulu namancane.
Ama-gallstones ajwayelekile, ethinta abantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-25 e-United States.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-gallstones:
- Amatshe e-cholesterol : Amatshe e- cholesterol angumphumela we-bile owenziwe nge-cholesterol kakhulu noma i-bilirubin futhi ayinalo ngokwanele usawoti we-bile. Amatshe we-cholesterol angase ayenze lapho i-gallbladder ihluleka ukungena lutho ngesikhathi sokugaya. Lezi zindwangu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuvamile zihlobo oluvame kakhulu.
- Amatshe e-pigment : Abantu abahlakulela amatshe e-pigment ngokuvamile abantu abane-cirrhosis yesibindi, izifo ze-biliary, nezifo zegazi, kuhlanganise ne- sickle cell anemia . Lezi yizona zonke izimo ezibangela kakhulu i-bilirubin, yilokho amatshe akwenziwa. Amatshe e-pigment agcina abe mnyama noma amnyama.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu azikho ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho-ke noma ubani angaba ne-gallstones futhi angazi. Eqinisweni, iningi labantu abanama-gallstones abanalo izimpawu .
Kodwa-ke, lapho ama-gallstones ehamba futhi evimba amathanga endebeni yakho yebhiliyari, ubuhlungu obunzima obuzumayo buzwa phezulu ngakwesokudla noma isikhungo sakho esiswini. Ubuhlungu obungase buvele nalokhu kuvinjelwa yilokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-colic biliary, noma ukuhlasela kwe-gallbladder. Lobuhlungu, ngokuvamile obunzima, bungadlulela amaminithi ambalwa emahoreni amaningana.
Izimbangela
Ipheshana le-biliary yiyona ndlela phakathi kwesibindi sakho nama-pancre kuya engxenyeni yokuqala yamathumbu amancane. I-gallbladder, ingxenye yalelo pheshana, iyilungu elincane, eliphakathi kwe-pear elihlezi ngaphansi kwesibindi sakho ngakwesokudla kunemzimbeni wakho phakathi kwesifuba sakho nasezinkalweni zakho. Isebenza njengesitolo sokugcina i- bile , okuyi-fluid eyenziwa yisibindi sakho ukuze kusize umzimba wakho ugcobe amafutha.
Ibile kusiza umzimba wakho ukugaya amafutha namavithamini amanama-soluble. Ngemva kokudla amafutha, izinkontileka zakho ze-gallbladder, uphonsela i-bile egcinwe ku-buct ejwayelekile, okuletha uketshezi emathunjini akho amancane ukusiza ukugaya.
I-bile egcinwe ku-gallbladder iqukethe amanzi, usawoti we-bile, i-cholesterol, amafutha, amaprotheni, ne- bilirubin . Amanoni amile aphula amafutha adla ukudla esikudlayo. I-bilirubin inikeza i-bile ibe umbala ophuzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi izihlalo zethu ziba nombala obomvu.
Ama-gallstones angakha i-gallbladder uma i-bile ikhuni ibe yinto efana namatshe, okungenzeka uma kune-salts eningi kakhulu, i-cholesterol, noma i-bilirubin kuyo.
Kunezizathu ezihlukahlukene zokuthi kungani lokhu kungenzeka. Ukukhuluphala nokudla okuphezulu e-carbohydrate ehlanjulisiwe-njengokudla okumhlophe kanye ne-pasta-namafutha, kanye nokudla okuphansi kwekhalori nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo okusheshayo, kuye kwahlanganiswa ne-gallstones.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwe-gallstones kwandiswa ngeminyaka yobudala, futhi abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba namagundane kunamadoda, ngenxa yezimo ze-hormone.
Ukuxilongwa
Kukhona izivivinyo eziningi ukuthi udokotela wakho angazenza ukuze ahlolisise i-gallstones . Igazi lingenziwa ukuze lihlolele ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala, nakuba kungabi izigulane ngokwabo. Ukuhlola ukucubungula kusetshenziselwa leyo njongo, nge-ultrasound kubhekwa ukuhlolwa kokuzikhethela; I-imagery yamacontic resonance (MRI) noma ama-computer we-tomography (CT) angenziwa futhi.
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwama-gallstones kuphakanyiswa kuphela uma unezimpawu. Uma zikhona-ikakhulu uma zikhona ubuhlungu obukhulu-ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe- gallbladder (cholecystectomy laparoscopic) kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, izindlela zokungahambi kahle zingase zisetshenziswe, kepha zicatshangwa kuphela uma ukuhlinzeka kungavunyelwanga. Izinqubo ezifana nokwelapha ngomlomo kanye ne-extracoralve shockwave lithotripsy (EWSL), phakathi kwabanye, zingabhekwa, kodwa zifanele kuphela ukwelashwa ngamatshe e-cholesterol.
Izwi elivela
Uma usola ukuthi unama-gallstones noma uthola ukuthi unesimo, khumbula ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder kungenye yezinhlinzeko ezivame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokukhathazeka noma imibuzo onayo.
> Imithombo:
> Lee JY, Keane MG, Pereira S. Ukuhlolwa nokuphathwa kweGallstone Disease. Umsebenzi . Juni 2015; 259 (1783): 15-9, 2.
> Abasebenzi beMayo Clinic. Ama-gallstones. I-Mayo Clinic. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 17, 2017.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso Zokugaya. Ama-gallstones. Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 2017.