Uma uthola ukuthi unezinkanyezi, cishe uzodinga ukwelashwa, ngaphandle uma kungabangeli izimpawu. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho uzobona ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyadingeka kuye ngesimo sakho. Uma udinga ukwelashwa, ukuhlinzwa (cholecystectomy) cishe ukuthi udokotela wakho uzokutusa ini.
Ukuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa ukususa i-gallbladder kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokwelapha ama-gallstones anezimpawu.
Eqinisweni, ukuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder, okuthiwa i-cholecystectomy, ingenye yezinhlinzeko ezivame kakhulu abantu abadala abanalo.
Ngenhlanhla, ungahlala kahle ngaphandle kwalesi sitho. Kodwa-ke, iphesenti elincane kakhulu lingase libhekane nesifo sohudo kusuka ekukhuleni kwe-bile egijima emathunjini amancane. Ezingxenyeni eziningi kakhulu, i-bile iphuma ngokuqondile esibindi ngamadayeni futhi angene emathunjini amancane, futhi azikho izinguquko ezibonakalayo ekugayeni.
Cholecystectomy ye-Laparoscopic
Ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile ukukhipha i- gallbladder yakho kubizwa ngokuthi i-cholecystectomy ye-laparoscopic. Ngenxa yalokhu kusebenza, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza izinto eziningana ezimbalwa esiswini sakho futhi ufaka izinsimbi zokuhlinzwa kanye nekhamera yevidiyo encane. Ikhamela ithumela isithombe esikhulisiwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi komzimba wakho kuya kuqapha ividiyo, unikeza udokotela ohlinzayo umbono osondelene wezitho nezicubu zakho.
Ngesikhathi ubukela umqapha, udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa izitsha ukuze ahlukanise ngokucophelela i-gallbladder yakho kusuka esibindi sakho, amadokodo nezinye izakhiwo.
Umzila wakho we-cystic uyakunqunywa futhi i-gallbladder yakho isusiwe ngenye yezingxoxo ezincane.
Ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yomzimba ayinqunywanga ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, iziguli zinobuhlungu obuncane nokucindezeleka okuncane kunalokho okungaba khona ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngokusebenzisa ukuxubha okukhulu kwesisu. Ungavame ukubuyela ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo, ngesenzo semikhawulo esivele ekhaya.
Vula i-Cholecystectomy
Uma udokotela ohlinzayo ethola noma yiziphi izithiyo ezenzelwe inqubo ye-laparoscopic, njengokutheleleka noma ukukhishwa kwamanye imisebenzi, ithimba lokusebenza kungadingeka ukuthi lishintshe ekuhlinzekeni okuvulekile. Kwezinye izimo, lezi zithiyo ziyaziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile .
Ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukuvuleka" ngoba udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele enze ukuchotshozwa okuyi-5 kuya kwangu-8 intshi esiswini sakho ukususa i-gallbladder yakho. Lokhu kuyindlela enkulu yokuhlinza futhi kungadinga ukuhlala kwesonto esibhedlela kanye namanye amasonto amaningi ukuvuselela ngenyanga ekhaya.
Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kuyadingeka kumaphesenti angama-5 wemisebenzi ye-gallbladder.
Izinkinga Zokuhlinzeka Okungenzeka
Ukuhlukumeza okuvame kakhulu kokuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder ukulimala kumadayiloni we-bile. I-bile duct evamile eyalimala ingavuza ubunzima futhi ibangele ukutheleleka okubuhlungu futhi okungaba yingozi. Ukulimala kanzima ngezinye izikhathi kungaphathwa kabi. Ukulimala okukhulu, noma kunjalo, kuyingozi nakakhulu futhi kudinga ukuhlinzekwa okwengeziwe.
Uma ama-gallstones asezinkalweni zakho ze-bile, udokotela ohlinzayo angasebenzisa i- endoscopic retrograde ye-cholangiopancreatographyography (ERCP) ukuze awasuse ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder . Uma i-endoscope isemathunjini akho amancane, udokotela ohlinzayo uthola i-biling ye-bile ethintekile.
Insimbi e-endoscope isetshenziselwa ukusika umgwaqo, futhi itshe lifakwe esitokisini encane futhi lisuswe nge-endoscope.
Ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu oye waba ne-cholecystectomy uthola ukuthi une-gallstone emasontweni ama-bile, ezinyangeni, noma ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Inqubo ye-ERCP enyathelo elibili ivame ukuphumelela ekususeni itshe.
Izinqubo Nezokwelapha
Izindlela ezingenasidingo zisetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokuthi isimo sakho sivimbela ukusebenzisa i-anesthetic, futhi sisetshenziselwa kuphela amatshe e-cholesterol. Amatshe abuyele ngemuva kokuphathwa kabi ngaphandle kwesigamu.
Lezi zindlela zihlanganisa:
- Ukwelapha ngomlomo: Izidakamizwa ezenziwe nge-bile acid zisetshenziselwa ukuqothula amatshe. Izidakamizwa-i-Actigall (i-ursodiol), isibonelo-sebenzisa kangcono amatshe amancane okuthiwa yi-cholesterol awanamanani. Kungathatha izinyanga noma iminyaka yokwelapha ngaphambi kokuba wonke amatshe aqede, uma enza njalo. Zombili izidakamizwa zibangela ukuhuda okuncane, futhi i-chenodiol ingakhulisa okwesikhashana ama-cholesterol egazi kanye ne-enzyme transaminase yesibindi.
- I-extracorporeal thotripsy (ESWL): Le ndlela yokwelashwa isebenzisa amagagasi okwesabisa ukuze aphule amatshe abe izingcezu ezincane ezingadlula emidayeni ye-bile ngaphandle kokubangela ukuvimba. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-colic biliary (ubuhlungu obukhulu) kuvamile ngemuva kokwelashwa, futhi izinga lokuphumelela le-ESWL aliphakeme kakhulu. Amatshe ahlalayo ngezinye izikhathi angancibilika ngemithi. Le ndlela yokwelapha ayifuni ukusetshenziswa.
- I-endoscopic retrograde ye-cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, odokotela abahlinzayo ngezinye izikhathi bazosebenzisa i-ERCP, inhlanganisela ye-endoscopy ne-X-ray, ukususa amatshe kusuka kudoti oluvamile lwe-bile.
- I-cholecystostomy ye-percutaneous: Inqubo encane engavumelani nayo ihilela ukubeka umcengezi emgodleni wakho ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala, kaningi kuze kube yilapho ukwazi ukuhlinzwa noma olunye ukwelashwa. Amanye amatshe angasuswa ngisho nangaphandle kwe-catheter emva kwamasonto ambalwa ngokwenza ithrekhi enkulu ngokwanele ukuvumela ukukhipha, kepha le ndlela ayisetshenziswa njalo.
Alternative Medicine
Nakuba ucwaningo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ehlukile ekwelapheni noma ekuvimbeleni i-gallstones kulinganiselwe, izinketho ezilandelayo zemvelo zingasiza ekuvikeleni ekuthuthukiseni ama-gallstones futhi:
I-Fiber
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukulandela ukudla okucebile ku-fibre kungasiza ukugcina i-cholesterol ibe ne-bile ngendlela eluhlaza, igweme ukwakheka kwamatshe. Ngokukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho kokubili kwe-fibre e-soluble ne-insoluble, okunciphisa ukumunwa kwe-deoxycholic acid ngokukhiqiza ukushintshwa okuhle ku-triad yezici ezilawula ukuxazululwa kwe-cholesterol nge-bile, ungase unciphise ingozi yokuthuthukisa ama-gallstones.
Imfucumfucu e-soluble ephumelelayo ifaka i-gar gum ne-pectin, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-fiber, kuhlanganise ne-oat bran, i-wheat bran, ne-soy fiber. Izithelo nemifino imithombo emikhulu; inzuzo ye-fiber ibonakala ezenzakalweni ezincane zama-gallstones ezitshalweni zemifino. Ezinye izithombo ze-fiber zihlanganisa okusanhlamvu okuphelele, imbewu , izinhlamvu ze-psyllium , nama-flaxseeds.
I-Vitamin C
Ekucwaningweni kwabantu abadala abangu-2,129 abangahleliwe, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukusabalalisa okuncane kwe-gallstones kuhlotshaniswa nokuthatha ama-vitamin C avamile. Lokho kusho ukuthi umzimba jikelele wezocwaningo awuzange uveze ukuthi i-vithamini isebenza ukuvimbela ama-gallstones. I-Vitamin C, ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-cholesterol ibe yi-bile acid, itholakala eziningana zezithelo nemifino (kufaka phakathi i-citrus, amajikijolo, i-broccoli, ne-kale), kanye nefomu lokufaka isicelo .
I-Milk Thistle
I-Silibinin, isakhi esitholakala ku- milk herb thistle , sitholakale ukunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol nge-bile, okungenzeka futhi, igcine ama-gallstones angakhiwa. Kodwa-ke, idatha kulokhu ikhawulelwe futhi le mphumela ayitholakali. Futhi, qaphela ukuthi abanye abantu bayabhekana ne-milk thistle.
Xhumana nodokotela wakho
Ngenxa yokucwaninga okulinganiselwe, kusheshe kakhulu ukutusa noma yikuphi uhlobo lwemithi ehlukile yokwelapha noma ukuvimbela ama-gallstones. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuzitholela isimo futhi ukugwema noma ukubambezela ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Uma ucabanga ukusebenzisa imithi ehlukile, qiniseka ukuthi uqale uthintane nodokotela wakho kuqala, ikakhulukazi ngoba ezinye izindlela zingaphazamisa abanye. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-fibre iyisakhi esiyinhloko sokudla, futhi inani elengeziwe livame ukulungile kubantu abaningi.
> Imithombo:
> Gaby AR. Izindlela zokudla okunomsoco zokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwamaGallstones. Ukubuyekezwa Kwemithi Ehlukile . September 2009; 14 (3): 258-67.
> Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sesifo Sikashukela kanye Nezifo Zokugula Nezinso Zokugaya. Ukwelashwa kwamaGallstones. Izikhungo zezempilo zikazwelonke. UMnyango WezeMpilo waseMelika kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu. Kubuyekezwe ngoNovemba 2017.
> Walcher T, Haenle MM, uKron M, et al. I-Vitamin C Ukusetjenziswa kokuSebenza Kungatjhekela amaGallstones: IsiTatimende sokuBheka ngokuBantu abakhethiweko. BMC Gastroenterolog y. 2009; 9: 74. i-doi: 10.1186 / 1471-230X-9-74.
> Zakko SF. Ukunakekelwa Kwezingubo Zama-Gallstones. Kusesikhathini. Ibuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 15, 2018.