Izizathu Eziyisikhombisa Udinga Umbono Owesibili Ngomdlavuza Wegciwane
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, noma uma usuphindaphindiwe, mhlawumbe akubanga isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba umngane onenjongo noma ilungu lomndeni uphakamise ukuthi uthole umbono wesibili. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi wanikeza lesi seluleko esikhathini esedlule emndenini noma kubangane abaye bathola ukuthi banesifo. Kodwa ukunikeza iseluleko kulula kunokuyilalela, futhi abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi akulula uma beyelulekwa.
Kungani?
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa abantu abangase babe besaba ukucela umbono wesibili. Enye ukuthi abantu abafuni ukucasula odokotela babo. Bakhathazekile ngokuthi ukucela umbono wesinye udokotela kuzofaka ingozi ebuhlotsheni abanabo nodokotela wabo. Enye ukuthi abantu abafuni ukuthatha isikhathi. Emva kwakho konke, uma isisu sikhula emzimbeni wabo, bafuna ukukulungisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngokuzithandela ukuthatha isikhathi ukuthola umbono wesibili ngokungavamile ukuphazamisa ukwelashwa okwesikhashana ngesikhathi somdlavuza.
Iyini umbono wesibili?
Umbono wesibili umbono ohlukile ovela kwenye udokotela mayelana nokunakekelwa nokuphathwa komdlavuza wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ngomuntu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi omunye udokotela ucelwa ukuba abukeze amarekhodi akho. Ngokuvamile, umbono wesibili ubhekisela ekubonaneni nodokotela ovela emtholampilo ohlukile noma isikhungo somdlavuza kunokuba omunye udokotela ngaphakathi komkhuba weqembu.
Uzizwa kanjani ngodokotela wegciwane lesifo somdlavuza mayelana nemibono yesibili?
Odokotela abanomdlavuza abagcini nje bacasulwa lapho iziguli zabo zicela umbono wesibili, ngokuvamile zikulindele .
Futhi lapho bebhekene nomdlavuza ngokwabo, amaphesenti amahle odokotela afuna imibono yesibili.
Kufanele Ngifinyelelephi Umbono Wesibili?
Ayikho impendulo elula yalo mbuzo, kodwa nansi imicabango embalwa ukuze uqalise.
Buza i-oncologist yakho . Kusukela ekufundeni izincwadi nokuya emihlanganweni yezokwelapha, i-oncologist oqala ukuyibona ingase ikwazi i-oncologist kwenye indawo enekhono elithile noma inzalo kuhlobo lwakho lwesisu.
Ezinye izivivinyo zokwelashwa zitholakala kuphela kwezinye izikhungo zomdlavuza . Yiqiniso, ukufunda mayelana nokuvivinywa kokwelashwa okungase kuqondene nawe kungabonakala kuwumsebenzi odambisayo. Kodwa ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kukhona usizo olutholakala kunoma ubani ocela. Izinhlangano eziningana zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zisebenzisene ndawonye ekwenzeni isevisi yomlinganiso wokuhlola umtholampilo wamaphaphu . Ngalesi sevisi yamahhala , iziguli zihanjelwa kubahlengikazi abanesihlengikazi abangakwazi ukufanisa uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza nolwazi lomuntu siqu ngezivivinyo zemitholampilo ezitholakala e-United States nasemhlabeni jikelele.
Cabangela umbono wesibili esikhungweni esikhulu somdlavuza . Ezinye izikhungo zomdlavuza ezinkulu, isibonelo, isikhungo se-Sloan-Kettering Cancer, isikhungo se-MD Anderson Cancer, kanye neMayo Clinic phakathi kwabanye, singase sinikeze izilingo zokwelapha kuphela kodwa ukufinyelela odokotela abakhulu kakhulu. Isibonelo, esikhundleni se-oncologist yezokwelapha jikelele ongase abone abantu abanezinhlobo zomdlavuza, isikhungo esikhulu sezokwelapha singanikeza ukufinyelela odokotela abasebenza ngokukhethekile emdlavuza wamaphaphu kuphela. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-oncologists emphakathini enikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu, kodwa uma befuna umbono wesibili, isikhungo esikhulu singanikeza izinketho eziningi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu akusho ukuthi kuzodingeka uhambe ukwelashwa.
Isazi esikhungweni esikhulu somdlavuza singenza nje izincomo zokwelapha ongayithola emtholampilo wasekhaya.
Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuqokwa kwakho, hlola le mibono ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani isikhungo sokunakekela umdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Izizathu Eziyisikhombisa Zokuthola Umbono Wesibili Ngomdlavuza Wegciwane
Ngisho nalapho ezwa ukuthi odokotela abaningi bemithi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu (oncologists, odokotela bama-thoracic, odokotela be-oncologists emisebe yilezi njll) abagxeki iziguli zabo ngemiqondo yesibili, abantu abaningi besaba ukwesaba ukuthi ukwenza kanjalo kuzoshintsha ubuhlobo babo nodokotela babo. Ingabe odokotela bazobaphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngoba bafuna umbono wesibili?
Odokotela bangabantu, uqinisekile ukuthi ngeke bazizwe besongelwa? Uma ngabe enye yalezi zizathu ikuvimbele, qiniseka ukucabanga ngamaphuzu alandelayo.
1. Akekho udokotela ongakwazi konke . Ayikho udokotela ongase abe ngaphezu kokufundwa kwansuku zonke yocwaningo olulodwa kanye nesilingo somtholampilo kuwo wonke amanyuvesi emhlabeni jikelele ebheke umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Odokotela bangabantu.
2. Ukuphila kwakho kuncike kulo . Ngisho nezinkombandlela "zobufakazi" eziba yinto evamile ku-oncology, kusekhona abantu abawela emaphandleni. Isibonelo sokufanekisa lokhu yisiqondiso esisha esihle sokwenza imifanekiso yamangqamuzana (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) emathunjini omuntu onomdlavuza omncane ongasemncane wesifo samaphaphu, ikakhulukazi i- lung adenocarcinoma . Kubantu abahlolwayo abahle ngenxa yalezi zinguquko ezincane nezifo ezingavamile (imithi ye- EGFR ne- ALK ne- ROS1 ) iyatholakala ukuthi ingathuthukisa ukusinda. Naphezu kwalokhu, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kusetshenziswa eMelika.
Imiphumela yokuhlinzwa evela ekuhlinzeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu ihlukahluka . Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abanokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu emitholampilo yomdlavuza okwenza ivolumu ephezulu yalezi zindlela zenza imiphumela engcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinqubo zokuhlinza, ezifana nokuhlinzeka nge-thoracoscopic (video-assisted) ye-video engasetshenzisiwe encane (izinqubo ze-VATS,) angeke zitholakale kuzo zonke izikhungo zomdlavuza.
4. Intuthuko yenziwa ekwelapheni komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngemva kweminyaka yokushintsha kancane ekuthuthukiseni ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwenziwa ukuphumelela. Manje sisazi ukuthi yonke imdlavuza yemaphaphu ihlukile futhi inezokwelapha ezibhekiswe kwezinye zalezi zingxabano.
5. Induduzo nokuzethemba . Ngisho noma umbono wesibili udokotela unikeza izincomo zokwelapha ezifanayo, ungase uzizwe ukhululekile futhi uqiniseka ngemithi oyitholayo. Ungase ube ncane amathuba okuba uqagele ngokwakho phansi komugqa uma izinto zingahambi ngendlela ongathanda ngayo.
6. Ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa ukuxilongwa kwakho . Ukunciphisa ingozi yokungazi kahle. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi isiguli esisodwa esikhwameni sesishiyagalombili asikwaziswa kahle. Akuyona nje izinketho zokwelashwa ofuna ukuxoxa ngazo nodokotela wesibili odokotela, kodwa ukuzihlola kwakho uqobo.
7. Ekugcineni, izinto zobuntu . Akuzona zonke izilinganiso zodokotela nazo zonke iziguli. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ezinye odokotela zihle futhi zimbi, noma ukuthi ezinye iziguli zilula ukuhambisana nabanye, hhayi ukuthi abanye abantu baxhuma nabantu abathile kangcono kunabanye.
Imibuzo Yokubuza Umbono Wakho Wesibili Udokotela
1. Yimuphi ukwelashwa okutusa ngakho nokuthi kungani? Ziyini imiphumela engenzeka ye-sie yokwelapha?
2. Ngisiphi isizathu usincoma noma ukwelashwa udokotela wami wokuqala watusa, noma ukwelashwa okuhlukile?
3. Yiziphi izilingo zomtholampilo ozitholayo ngesimo sami? Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa komtholampilo okutholakala kwenye indawo ocabanga ukuthi kuyoba kuhle kimi?
4. Uma ukwelashwa kuhlukile, ungathola yini "ukwelashwa kombono wesibili" eduze kwekhaya? Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka uhambe kangaki ukuhamba?
5. Kuyini Plan B? Isibonelo, uma ukwelashwa udokotela akuncoma akusebenzi, ngabe kungaba yiphi indlela elandelayo?
6. Uma ngithola ukunakekelwa kule ndawo, ubani ozophatha ithimba lami lokunakekelwa? Ngimemeza bani uma ngibhekana nezinkinga? Ngiziphi ezinye odokotela kanye nabahlengikazi abazohileleka ekunakekeleni kwami?
7. Yikuphi "ukwelashwa okuhlangene" okutholakala ukusiza ngezimpawu zokwelashwa?
8. Okokugcina, uyavumelana yini nokuxilongwa engikunikeziwe?
Amanye amathiphu lapho uthole umbono wesibili
1. Ukuthola umbono wesibili akusho ukuthi kudingeka "uqale" noma uphinde uhlole izivivinyo ezingapheli. Lokho kusho ukuthi odokotela abaningi bazofuna abachwepheshe babo ukuba babuyekeze ama-radiology scans owaye waba nawo kwenye indawo noma imiphumela yokukhubazeka eyenziwe kwenye indawo. Kukhona izindleko kulokhu, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kungaphansi kokuphinda ukuhlolwa. Ungacabanga ukuthi unemibono emibili yesibili - imibono yesibili ekuhloleni kwakho kanye nemiphumela yakho yokugula kanye nokuxilongwa kwakho kanye nokwelashwa okuphakanyisiwe.
2. Zama ukuqoqa amakhophi wento yonke - okungukuthi, amanothi emtholampilo, ukuhlolwa kwe-radiology, imiphumela yebhu, imiphumela yokugula, nokuletha ekuqeshweni kwakho. Kwezinye izimo, izivivinyo ezifana ne-radiology scans zingadluliselwa nge-elekthronikhi, kodwa kaningi uzodinga ukuletha i-CD yokuskena nawe. Iningi lesibili odokotela odokotela bazofuna ukubona izilinganiso oqobo ozenzile futhi hhayi nje umbiko obhalwe ngu-radiologist. Hlola lezi zeluleko zokuthola imiphumela yakho yokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha .
3. Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi baphenduliwe. Kungaba usizo kakhulu ukuletha ilunga lomndeni noma umngane nawe ukuthatha amanothi bese ubuza imibuzo okungenzeka ukhohliwe.
4. Uma ukhetha ukudlulisela ukunakekelwa kwakho kudokotela wakho wesibili, hlola la macebiso wokuthi ungenza kanjani ushintsho olubucayi lapho ushintsha odokotela .
Ukukhokhwa Kwomshuwalense Wezimvo Zesibili
Abathwali bomshwalense abaningi babheka imibono yesibili, nakuba udinga ukuhlola inkampani yakho yomshuwalense. Abanye abathwali ngisho bafuna umbono wesibili ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukuhlala nodokotela wakho wangempela noma ukudlulisela ukunakekelwa kwakho kumbono wesibili udokotela, ukuba yingxenye esebenzayo yethimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngumgomo wakho womshuwalense omkhulu kakhulu. Hlola lawa macebiso mayelana nokuthi ungaba kanjani ummeli wakho ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wakho . Futhi uma usanda kuthiwa unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo zokuqala ozithathe uma usanda kutholakala nomdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Imithombo:
I-Adamson, i-R. Biomarkers kanye nokuprofetha kwamangqamuzana emdlashini wamangqamuzana omncane ongasona omncane: indima ekhulayo kanye nemiphumela yayo yokunakekelwa ephethwe. Umagazini waseMelika Wokunakekelwa Okuphethwe . 2013. 19 (Suppl): s398-404.
I-National Cancer Institute. Indlela Yokuthola Udokotela Noma Isikhungo Sokwelapha Uma Unayo I-Cancer. Kubuyekezwe 06/05/13. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/managing-care/services/doctor-facility-fact-sheet