Ingabe Kunconywa Ukuhlola Okunconyiwe?
Ukufa okungazelelwe emncintiswaneni osemncane, kuyilapho kungavamile, kuyisenzakalo esibuhlungu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umthelela emndenini nabathandekayo uyingozi kakhulu. Ngisho nalabo abazi kuphela isisulu ngasendleleni, noma ngubani ozwa nje ngengozi ezindabeni, bavame ukuzizwa besondelene kakhulu. Ukucabanga nje komuntu osemusha osemusha kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngenxa yesizathu esicacile, usishaya sonke njengento engenabulungisa.
Akukhona yini into umuntu angayenza ukuze avimbele lokhu?
Yini Ebangelwa Ukufa Okungazelelwe Kwabancane?
Abaningi abagijimi abasha abafa ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca baqala ukuba nesifo senhliziyo sohlobo olulodwa noma olunye olungazange lubonwe ngaphambilini. Izinkinga eziningana zenhliziyo zingabonakala kubantu abasha ababonakala bephilile ngokuphelele, futhi ngeshwa, isibonakaliso sokuqala senkinga singase sibe yindlela yokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo , ngokujwayelekile, ( frying fibrillation ). Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlobene nokufa okungazelelwe kubagijimi abasha zihlanganisa i- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , i- Marfan syndrome , nokungavamile kokuzalwa komzimba emithanjeni ye-coronary- kodwa kunezinye eziningana.
Ingabe Abadlali Abasengozini Bangabonwa Ngaphambi Kesikhathi?
Izimo eziningi zenhliziyo ezibangelwa ukufa ngokuzumayo kubantu abasha zingatholakala uma ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwenziwa. I- electrocardiogram (ECG) kanye ne- echocardiogram- noma ngisho ne-ECG yedwa-ngokuvamile yayizokwenza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nokuthi iyiphi intsha esengozini ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Labo abazobe besengozini enkulu yokufa okungazelelwe bangaphathwa ngesimo sabo esibucayi, noma okungenani batshelwe ukuthi bagweme ukuzama, mhlawumbe basindise izimpilo zabo.
Ngakho-ke kunengqondo kubantu abaningi ukuthi bonke abagijimi abasha kufanele bahlolwe izinkinga zenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukuba bahlanganyele ezemidlalo.
Uma unomdlali osemusha emndenini wakho, cishe uye waphawula ukuthi akukho ukuhlolwa okunjalo okwenziwe, noma ngisho kunconywa. Ukuthi ukuhlolwa komzimba akuvamile ukwenza abadlali abasha, okungenani e-US, akuyona i-supervision-kungumphumela wokubheka ngokucophelela ochwepheshe benhliziyo.
Ukumba kancane idatha ngemuva kwesinqumo sokungahlolisisi okubanzi kungasiza ekukhanyeni lesi sinqumo.
Isizathu Semihlahlandlela Yamanje Yokuhlola
Umbuzo wokuthi ngabe bonke abagijimi abasha kufanele bahlolwe yini ngesifo senhliziyo baphumelela ukuba kungabi yilokho okulula. Izici eziningana zenza ukuhlolwa okunamandla kunzima, kuyabiza futhi mhlawumbe kuyingozi.
Okokuqala, kunezifo eziningana zenhliziyo ezingaba yingozi yokufa okungazelelwe kubantu abasha, futhi ngamunye wabo unezinqubo ezihlukene futhi afuna izinqubo ezahlukene zokuhlola zokwenza ukuxilongwa. Akuzona zonke lezi zifo zenhliziyo ezazitholwa yizivivinyo ezimbalwa ezingavamile zokuhlola.
Khona-ke kukhona iqiniso lokuthi inqwaba yabantu abasha iqhaza emidlalweni ehleliwe, ngakho-ke inamba enkulu izocatshangelwa-cishe phakathi kwabangu-4 no-5 million abantu abasha njalo ngonyaka e-United States kuphela. Kule namba enkulu, ingxenyana encane kuphela (cishe ngo-3 kuya ku-1000) inezifo ezingaphansi kwesifo senhliziyo esandisa ingozi.
Noma yisiphi isikhathi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwenziwa nge-disorder enesisindo esiphansi kakhulu, kuyoba nemiphumela eminingi yokuhlola yamanga (lapho ukuhlolwa kusikisela ukuthi lesi sifo singase sibe khona uma kungenjalo) kunemiphumela emihle yeqiniso. Zonke lezi zivivinyo eziqondile zamanga zizodinga ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okungaphezulu ukuze kufinyelele ekugcineni kwenkinga okusola (nakuba, ezimweni eziningi, akekho). Lezi zivivinyo zokulandelela ngezinye izikhathi zibandakanya ukuhlolwa okungahambi kahle, njengokwakheka kwenhliziyo , okungeyona nje eyandisa ingozi kumuntu odlala emncintiswaneni osemusha kodwa futhi yandisa izindleko zezokwelapha jikelele emphakathini.
Ngenxa yalezi zinkinga, izinhlangano zomsebenzi ziye zazama ukusungula iziqondiso zokuhlola abagijimi abasha abazosebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekutholeni eziningi zezimo zenhliziyo ezivame ukwandisa ingozi, ngaphandle kokudala inombolo enkulu yokuhlolwa okungadingekile kokulandela. Ingabe lezi zivivinyo zokuhlola eziphakanyisiwe ziphuthelwa ngabathile abadlali abasha abanezinkinga ezibangelwa ukulimala inhliziyo? Ngeshwa, yebo, futhi laba yibadlali abasha esizizwayo ezindabeni ngezikhathi ezithile.
Yiziphi Izincomo Zamanje?
I-American Heart Association (AHA) incoma ukuthi bonke abagijimi esikoleni esiphakeme nabakolishi babe nomlando wezokwelapha wokuhlola kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Umlando wezokwelapha kufanele uveza ngokuqondile noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca
- iziqephu ze- syncope (ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo)
- i-dyspnea (ukuphefumula ukuphefumula) ngokuzikhandla
- umlando wenhliziyo ukububula noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme
Udokotela kufanele acele ngokucophelela ngomlando womndeni (ngoba izimo eziningana ezibangelwa ukufa ngokuzumayo ziyizo zofuzo), futhi kufanele zigxile ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-50) ukufa noma ukukhubazeka kwesifo senhliziyo kumalungu omndeni oseduze, nokuthi ngabe kukhona umndeni umlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo ezithinta izakhi zofuzo ezifana ne-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, i- long-QT syndrome , ama-arrhythmias enhliziyo ejulile, noma i-Marfan syndrome.
Ukuhlolwa kwangokwenyama kufanele kugxile ekuhloleni kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwepulmoni, ukuhlolwa kwezimpumputhe, nokufuna izimpawu zikaMarfan syndrome.
I-AHA ayincomo i-ECG, i-echocardiography, noma ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka . Lezi zivivinyo zigcinwa kubantu abasha okusolakala ukuthi kukhona insola yenkinga yenhliziyo ngemuva kokwenza umlando wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba.
Ingabe Lokhu Kwanele?
Nakuba ochwepheshe be-AHA bakholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlola oluchaziwe lwanele, ochwepheshe baseYurophu bayavumelani. EYurophu, i-ECG nayo iphonywa njengesivivinywa sokuhlola okuvamile kuwo wonke amageyimu abasha.
Kukhona ubufakazi obuncane bokuthi ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kwe-ECG kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olubheka umthelela wokuhlola lwaluqhutshwa e-Italy, lapho ukuhlolwa kwesigameko sabagijimi abane-ECG kwaqala ngo-1984. Phakathi neminyaka ka-1979 no-2004, umphumela wonyaka wokufa ngokuzumayo kwabagijimi wehla kusuka ku-3.6 kumuntu oneminyaka engu-100 000 0.4 ngeminyaka engu-100,000 yomuntu. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG kuphumelela, kodwa ukuthi umthelela jikelele we-ECG ukuhlolwa kwabantu bonke kuncane.
Noma kunjalo, uma ngisho nokuphila komfana osemncane kungasindiswa, ngabe ukuhlola kungakufaneleki?
Kulungile, kuncike ukuthi ngubani okhokhela ukuhlolwa. Uma silindele ukuthi "umphakathi" uthathe izindleko (noma kunjalo, izinkokhelo zemali yomshuwalense wezempilo noma intela), izindleko zokuhlola (kanye nokuhlolwa okulandelwayo okuzokhiqiza) kubonakala kungavumelekile. Okungenani, kuyenzeka kubantu abhala iziqondiso ze-AHA, abanamakhomishwarense kanye nezikhulu zikahulumeni ngokucophelela ukuhlola umsebenzi wabo.
Cabanga ngalokhu: Akekho ophikisanayo ukuthi ngabe izitshalo zokubhema zithumela yini ukuphila. Benza. Kodwa uma iqembu lezazi zikahulumeni lifanele lithathe isinqumo sokuthi ngabe ama-dollar yentela kufanele asetshenziswe ukuthenga wonke umuntu abhema izinambuzane, bebengaphetha ngokushesha ukuthi, ekukhokhelweni komphakathi wezigidi eziyishumi zamaRandi ngempilo ngayinye igcinwa, ukubhema izitshalo akuvumelekile. Ngenhlanhla, asihlanganisi ukuthengwa kwezintuthu zokubhema. Kithina, izimpilo ezingasindiswa zingezethu nabathandekayo bethu, futhi izindleko zalabo abaphila abangasindiswa ngu-$ 19.95 kuphela. Kubonakala sengathi kuyinzuzo.
Uma abantu bakhokhelwa ngokwabo ama-ECG wokuhlola kunokuba bathembele emphakathini ukwenza kanjalo, izincomo zokuhlola izigijimi ezincane zingase zihluke kakhulu.
Okubalulekile
Ukufa okungazelelwe kwabadlali abasha kunenhlanhla kakhulu, futhi ukuhlolwa okulula okuphakanyiswa yi-AHA kuzobamba abaningi-kodwa hhayi bonke abantu abasha abasengozini. Ngakho-ke izincomo ze-AHA, ezithatha isenzakalo esingavamile futhi zenze kube lula, zenze kahle.
Noma kunjalo, njengomzali, ngeke ujabule ukweqa izinqubo zokuhlola ezicacile. Uma ukhathazeke ngokukhethekile ngengane yakho, xoxani ngokukhathazeka kwakho nodokotela wengane yakho. Ukuhlolwa okuningi, uma ufuna, kuyilungelo lakho njengesiguli. Noma kunjalo, kungase kube umthwalo wakho wezezimali.
Futhi khumbula: Nakuba kungase kuvezwe izinkinga eziphakamisa ukuhlolwa akusikho, kungase kuveze ingane yakho izingozi ezingeziwe. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wengane yakho ukuze uthole ulwazi oludingayo ukuze ulinganise izingozi nezinzuzo zokuhlola okungeziwe.
> Imithombo:
> Corrado D, Basso C, Pavei A, et al. Amathrendi Ekufeni Kwezifo Eziphuthumayo Ezinganeni Ezincane Eziphumelelayo Ngemva kokusetjenziswa koHlelo Lokuhlola Ukulungiselela. I-JAMA 2006; 296: 1593.
> Maron, BJ, Thompson, PD, Ackerman, MJ, et al. Izincomo Nokucabangela Okuhlobene Nokulungiselela Ukuhlolwa Kwezinkinga Ze-Cardiovascular in Athletic Athletes: 2007 Ukuvuselela: Isitatimende Sosayensi esivela ku-American Heart Association Council on Ukudla, Physical Activity, ne-Metabolism: Ivumela i-American College of Cardiology Foundation. Ukujikeleza kuka-2007; 115: 1643.