Ikusasa lokuhlinzeka ngamathambo, nokuthuthukiswa kweziguli ezilawula imiphumela ye-arthritis, i-fractures, nezinye izimo ze-musculoskeel, kuyisifundo sokuhlala njalo. Ukusuka kumaseli okugaya ekushintsheni okuhlangene, odokotela abahlinzayo nabaguli ngokufanayo banesithakazelo kulokho okungase kube ukuthuthuka okulandelayo ekhoneni.
Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo zamuva kuye kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi kanye nezimila ezenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nesiguli.
Ithemba liwukuthi ngokuvumela ukuklanywa kwezimpande eziningi, ukulungiswa kwamathambo kuzoba ngcono kangcono futhi kungabonakali kakhulu kubantu abadinga ukuhlinzwa.
Ukukhiqiza Izimila
Imbonini yezempilo ithembe kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene esetshenziswa kulo lonke udokotela. Abahlinzayo bama-orthopedic bancika kakhulu emikhiqizweni eyenziwe, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza kuye kwaguqula ama-orthopedics ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ukusuka ekwelapheni okungenasisindo kwemiphumela yezemidlalo ephathwe nge-carbon fiber ngokwezifiso zokuvuselela ukuhlinzwa kabusha kwezitho ezikhubazekile, odokotela bama-orthopedic basebenzisa izinto eziningi nemikhiqizo ehlukene ukuze basize iziguli zabo.
Noma kunini lapho kuthuthukiswa ekukhiqizeni, odokotela bamazinyo kungenzeka ukuthi banesithakazelo ukuthi lokhu kungathinta kanjani umsebenzi abawenzayo. Enye yezinguquko zamuva ekukhiqizeni ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokunyathelisa be-3-D.
Ukunyathelisa kwe-three-dimensional kuye kwashintsha indlela izimboni eziningi ezikhiqiza ngayo imikhiqizo. Imbonini yezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ayifani, futhi izicelo eziningi zobuchwepheshe be-3-D zikhiqizwa ukubhekana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zezempilo. Ekuhlinzekeni kwamathambo, okhethekile kwezokwelapha okuthembele kakhulu kumadivaysi asetshenziswe, ubuchwepheshe bokunyathelisa obu-3-D buyindawo enentshisekelo enkulu.
Ukuphrinta kwe-3-D
Umehluko omkhulu ophawulwe ngokukhiqizwa kwe-3-dimensional ukuthi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "inqubo yokukhiqiza". lokhu kusho ukuthi izimila zidalwe ngokungeza ungqimba lwezinto ngendlala ukuze udale umkhiqizo wesi-3. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nenqubo "yokukhipha" lapho i-block of material ikhonjiswe khona ngendlela oyifunayo. Ukukhiqiza okungeziweko sekuye kwaphela iminyaka eminingana nezimboni eziningi kodwana kungcono kumkhakha wezokwelapha.
Ngokwesiko, izimila zamathambo zenzelwe ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Isibonelo, uma uthola indawo ye-hip, kufana nokuya esitolo sesicathulo bese uzama ngezicathulo ezehlukene zezicathulo ezijwayelekile, udokotela ohlinzayo wamazinyo uzoba nezinketho ezihlukahlukene zokufakelwa kwe-hip eklanyelwe ukufanelana nabantu abaningi. Nakuba lezi zimila zivame ukusebenza kahle, kunezilinganiso ezinombolweni yobukhulu, kanti abanye abantu bane-anatomy engavumelani kahle nosayizi ojwayelekile.
Ekuhlinzekeni kwamathambo, ukuphrinta kwe-3-dimension kusetshenziselwe inombolo yezicelo ezahlukene. Isibonelo, izimpande zokufakelwa ezihlangene zenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ezinye zalezi zimila zisetshenziselwa izinqubo ezivamile zokuhlinzekwa njenge-hip esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa nokuguqulwa kwamadolo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpembelelo zomgogodla nazo zenzelwe ukukhiqizwa okuhlanganisiwe oku-3-dimensional. Olunye uhlelo lokusebenza luye lwaba yiklamo yezinsimbi eziqondene nesiguli. Kulesi simo, izimpande zangempela ezisetshenzisiwe ziyizilinganiso ezijwayelekile, kodwa izinsimbi umhlinzeki wakho osebenzayo ukulungiselela ukusifakelwa kuyinkambiso eyenzelwe. Okokugcina, ukukhiqizwa okungeziwe kusetshenziselwe ukuklama kwezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukukhubazeka okunzima, ukuhlinzeka ngesisu, kanye nezimo uma kungekho izimila ezijwayelekile ezitholakalayo zokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi yokuvuselela.
Izimpendulo Zokwezifiso
Iziguli eziningi zinesithakazelo ekufakeni izifiso.
Bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande ezisetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi sokubambisana kwazo zilinganiselwe kahle umzimba wazo. Njengamanje, akuvamile kakhulu ukuba udokotela ohlinzayo abe nomthelela ohlangene owenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ngokuvamisekile, lapho abantu bekhuluma ngezimpande zendabuko, empeleni bafaka ukufakelwa okujwayelekile, futhi ukusika ngokwezifiso kuklanyelwe isisu sabo esithile. Ukushintshwa okuhlangene ngokwezifiso, lapho izimpande zenzelwe ngqo isiguli ngasinye, akuyona inqubo ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa ngalesi sikhathi.
Inzuzo engaba khona yokufakelwa kwenkambiso yangempela, lapho ukufakelwa komzimba okwakhiwe khona kuhloswe ngokuqondile nesiguli ngasinye, ikhono lokuphindaphinda umshini ojwayelekile wokujoyina. Kunezimo lapho ukufakelwa usayizi ojwayelekile kungase kube khona isikhathi eside kakhulu, okuncane kakhulu, okuncane kakhulu, noma okuncane kakhulu. Kubantu abaningi, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakwazi ukukhokhela ukuhlukahluka okucashile, kodwa kunezinye izimo lapho abantu benomzimba ongavamile okungaba nzima ukuzivumelanisa nezimpande ezijwayelekile. Ukuklanywa kwemvelo ngokwezifiso kungavumela udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ikhono elingcono lokulawula lezi ziguquko.
Ukunamathela kuThambo
Esinye isici sokukhiqiza okufakwayo okuthakazelisa udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngukukwazi ukuklama izimpande ezizohambelana kahle namathambo azungezile. Kunezindlela ezehlukene zokuvikela ukufakelwa ethangeni . Ukusetshenziswa kwezikrini kanye nezintambo ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-fracture, lapho ukufakelwa kudinga kuphela ukugcina kuze kuphulukiswe ukuphuka. Ukusetshenziswa kwamasenti amathambo kuvamile, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuyeke. Ngenkathi lena kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvikela ukufakelwa, kunokukhathazeka ngezimplantshi ezivulekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Enye yezindlela ezingcono zokuvikela ukufakelwa esitokisini, ukusebenzisa izimplantshi ngezingubo ezivuthayo ithambo lingakhula libe yisikhathi esiphezulu.
Izimplantshi ezivuthayo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okuhlanganyelwe, kodwa akuzona zonke izimila ezingakhiwa kalula ngokugqoka okuvuthayo. Ukunyatheliswa kwe-3-dimensional kwenzé inqubo yokusebenzisa ukugqoka okuvuthayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezindawo ze-geometric okungenzeka kakhulu.
Izwi elivela
Ikusasa lama-orthopedics ngeke libukeke lihluke kakhulu endleleni izinto ezenziwa ngayo namuhla. Enye yezindawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha ukukhiqiza izimila zamathambo. Ukunyatheliswa kwe-3-dimensional ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ukuklama izimplantshi zemizimba ezisetshenziswayo okwamanje ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi yokuvuselela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kokunyatheliswa kwe-3-dimensional kungase kube yinto evamile futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi ngokubanzi kwezinqubo zokuhlinza ngamathambo.
> Imithombo:
> Golish SR, Kurtz SM, Boyan BD. "Ingabe Ukushicilelwa Kwe-3D Kungayishintsha Amadivaysi E-Orthopedic?" AAOSNow. NgoJanuwari 2018, Page 1.
> Haglin JM, Eltorai AE, Gil JA, Marcaccio SE, Botero-Hincapie J, Daniels AH. "Izimpembelelo Ze-Orthopedic Ezibekezelayo-Ezikhethekile" I-Orthop Surg. 2016 Nov; 8 (4): 417-424.