Ukuthuthuka koPhando lwe-Biogenetic kwandisa amathuba okuphila
I-Cystic fibrosis (CF) yinkinga eqhubekayo ethinta kokubili ikhwalithi yokuphila kanye nobude bokuphila kulabo abaphila nesifo. Ngenkathi isayensi isifo esingavamile (sithinta abantu abangaba ngu-30 000 kuphela e-US), sisabhekwa njengenye yezinkinga zokusabalalisa ezithandwa kakhulu, zokunciphisa ukuphila.
Nakuba isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abane-CF sihlala singaphansi kwesibalo sabantu abaningi, ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngesifo, kanye nokwelapha okuphumelelayo , sekuqale ukushintsha izinto.
Ukulindela Ukuphila Kuzuza Kubantu Abano-Cystic Fibrosis
Ngo-1938, lapho i-CF isaziwa kuqala njengesifo, iningi lalabo abatholwe benesifo bafa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabo kokuqala. Ngama-1950, abantu abane-CF bahlala isikhathi eside kodwa kwakungavamile ukuba benze esikhathini esincane. Ngenkathi izinto zaqala ukuthuthuka ngawo-1980, lapho abantu manje behlala phakathi kwawo-ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabili, kwakungakaze kutholakale i-CFTR gene ngo-1989 ukuthi saqala ukubona ukuphenduka.
Namuhla, ehlomile ekuqondeni kangcono izindlela zezofuzo ze-CF, sinendlela yokuphatha kangcono lesi sifo, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wamaphaphu kulabo abaphila nale nkinga.
Ngenxa yalokho, isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abahlala neCF namuhla singama-37.5. Ngaphakathi kwezwe elithuthukile, leso sibalo siphezulu nakakhulu ngokulinganisa kusuka kuphi eminyakeni engu-42 kuya kweyengu-50.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokwelashwa kanye ne-biotechnologies, abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi abantwana abazalwa namhlanje bangahle baphile kahle ngaphezu kokuzalwa kwabo kwama-50.
Ukwandisa ama-Life Spans okuxhunyiwe ku-Antibiotic Use
Cishe amaphesenti angu-80 abantu abane-cystic fibrosis bayothola ukutheleleka nge- Pseudomonas aeruginosa , amabhaktheriya ajwayelekile abhekana nokusabalalisa okubanzi kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Abantu abane-CF basengozini enkulu kakhulu yeP. aeruginosa , ukutheleleka okungabangela ukuhluleka ukuphefumula ngisho nokufa.
Eqinisweni, abantu abangamaphesenti angu-50 abano-CF abanjwe esibhedlela eP. aeruginosa bazofa ngenxa yokutheleleka.
Ngenhlanhla, kunezidakamizwa eziningi namuhla ezingaphatha futhi zivimbele ukutheleleka kwe- P. aeruginosa . Lezi zihlanganisa i-tobramycin, i-levofloxacin, i-ciprofloxacin, i-azithromycin, ne-spectrum cephalosporins. Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa kuvame ukususelwa ekuvivinyweni ukucacisa ukutholakala kobunzima be-Pseudomonas ezikhethweni ezihlukahlukene zokulwa namagciwane.
Ukuphatha kuhluka ngohlobo kanye nesigaba sokutheleleka. I-tobramycin noma i-levofloxacin engenayo ifakwe ngokuvamile izinyanga ngesikhathi ukuvimbela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya. I-ciprofloxacin yomlomo kanye ne-azithromycin ingasetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka noma ukuphatha ukutheleleka okukhona.
I-P. aeruginosa nayo ingaphathwa ngendlela ye-penicillin okuthiwa i-ureidopenicillin.
Okunye Okuthuthukisiwe Ukwelashwa Kwe-Cystic Fibrosis
Ngaphezu kwemithi yokwelapha ephumelelayo, ezinye izinyathelo zenzeke ekwelapheni kokubili izifo ezihlobene ne-lung ne-CF. Zihlanganisa:
- i-enzyme supplementation ye-pancreatic yokunqoba izinkinga zokugaya ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwe-mucus endleleni yokugaya
- I-Pulmozyme (i-dornase alfa) ephula i-mucus evimbela ukuhamba kwendiza
- ama-bronchodilators (ama-inhalants agcina imigwaqo evulekile)
- imithi ephikisayo yokulwa nokuvuvukala
- i-hypertonic saline engenele ukuze ikhulise inani le-sodium elahlekile emoyeni
Zonke lezi zinto zenza kube nokwanda kwamazinga okusinda kubantu abane-CF.
Izwi elivela
I-cystic fibrosis iyisifo esihluke kakhulu kuneminyaka engu-20 noma engu-30 edlule. Namuhla, abantu abane-CF bangaphila izimpilo eziqinile futhi ezigcwalisayo, baya ekolishi, bathole imisebenzi, futhi bahlele umndeni. Konke okuthatha ngempela kuthatha izinyathelo eziyisithupha ukuqinisekisa impilo ehlala isikhathi eside futhi enempilo:
- ukuqonda izindlela zakho zokwelapha nokuzithatha njengokuqondiswa
- ukuqinisekisa ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco ngamaphesenti angu-50 abantu abaningi
- ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ukuze uhlale kahle
- ukudala uhlelo lokufaneleka oluqukethe kokubili ukumelana nokuqeqeshwa kwe-cardio
- ukugwema ukutheleleka ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo, ukuthola imishanguzo yakho, nokugwema abanye abagulayo
- ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokunakekelwa kokunakekelwa
Ekugcineni, i-cystic fibrosis akuyona isigwebo sokufa esasikhona, futhi, ngokunakekelwa kahle nokwelapha, asikho isizathu sokuthi ungakwazi ukudlula ukulindela kokubili izinga nobuningi bokuphila.
> Umthombo:
> U-O'Sullivan, uB. and Freedman, S. "I-Cystic fibrosis." I-Lancet . 2009; 373 (9678): 1891-1904.