I-Cystic fibrosis (CF) yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esibangelwa ukukhubazeka kofuzo okuphazamisa ikhono lomzimba lokuthwala usawoti namanzi kuya nakwamaseli. Lokhu kubangela umqubu we-mucus obukhulu ovala amaphaphu kanye nezitho zokugaya. Abantu abaningi baqaphela i-cystic fibrosis njengesifo samaphaphu kodwa abazi ukuthi i-mucus buildup ithinta nezinye izitho.
Amalungu aphethwe yi-CF afaka:
- Amapulazi
- I-Pancreas
- Isibindi
- Amathumbu
- Izono
- Izitho zokuzala
I-cystic fibrosis ingenye yezifo ezifuywayo ezijwayelekile kakhulu futhi ithinta ngo-1 kuzo zonke izingane ezingu-2500 ezelwe e-United States. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu baseCaucasus nase-Hispanics futhi abatholakali kubantu base-Afrika noma base-Asia.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-CF zingashintsha kuye ngesiteji sesifo kanye nezitho ezithintekayo.
Izimpawu zokuqala:
- Ukwandisa ukudla
- Ukukhula okubi
- Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha, ezinamandla, ezinomunyu
- Isikhumba esinomsoco
- Ukukhwehlela njalo
- Izifo eziphefumula njalo
- Ukuphefumula okunzima
Izimpawu ezithuthukile zivela ngesimo sezinkinga, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachaziwe
- Isifo sikashukela
- Pancreatitis
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukungenzi lutho
Ukuxilongwa
I-cystic fibrosis itholakala ngokuhlola igazi, ukujuluka noma amaseli e-fetal ukuba khona kwezinto noma izakhi zofuzo ezitholakala kuziguli ze-CF.
Ukukhulelwa
Uma umbhangqwana olindelekile owaziyo noma osolwa ukuthi bangaba yizinkampani ze- CF , i-amniocentesis noma i-chorionic sampling ingenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane izoba nesifo.
Usana olusanda kuzalwa
Njengamanje, amazwe angu-40 ahlanganisa i-cystic fibrosis ekuhlolweni kwezingane zabo zokuzalwa . Igazi lithathwe isithende somntwana ngaphambi kokuba abuyele ekhaya esibhedlela. Igazi lithunyelwa ebhokisithri yesifundazwe futhi uma isici sitholwa ukuthi udokotela oyinhloko kanye nodokotela basekhaya bazokwaziswa.
Infancy and Childhood
Uma kungatholakali ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, i-cystic fibrosis ivame ukutholakala ngonyaka wokuqala noma emibili yokuphila lapho ingane iqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezivamile. Ukuhlolwa kwendabuko ye-cystic fibrosis yi-sweat test. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba awukwazi ukusebenzisa wonke usawoti owenzayo, iningi labantu abane-cystic fibrosis ngokuvamile liyakwazi ukukhudlwana kunezinhlobo ezivamile zomunyu emthunzini wazo.
Esivivinyweni sokujuluka, ama-electrode afakwa esikhwameni sesiguli ukugqugquzela izigulane zomzimba. I-sweat iqoqwe futhi ithunyelwa ebhokisatri ukukala okuqukethwe kasawoti. I-sweat test ayilona ubuhlungu futhi isetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi ukuhlola i-cystic fibrosis.
Ukwelapha
Ayikho ikhambi ye-cystic fibrosis. Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukuhlanganiswa kwemithi, ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, kanye nemithi yokwelapha eyenzelwe ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga.
Imithi inqunyelwe ukuthi:
- Vimbela futhi ulawule izifo zokuphefumula
- Gcina umoya ovulekile uvule futhi usize ngokuphefumula
- Khulula bese ususa ama-mucous anamathele
- Siza umzimba ukuthi uthathe izakhi
Izinhlelo zokudla nokudla okunomsoco zibekiwe:
- Shintsha amavithamini angeke agcinwe
- Qinisekisa ukutholakala kwekhalori kuhlangabezana nezidingo zamandla aphezulu
- Qinisekisa ukudla okunamandla okwanele ekukhuleni kanye nentuthuko efanele
- Buyisela usawoti olahlekile ngokuthuthumela
Ukuzivocavoca nezindlela zokwelashwa kunqunyelwe ukuthi:
- Qinisekisa inhliziyo namaphaphu
- Khipha umcibisholo ocacile
- Thuthukisa isimo sokukhuthazela nesimo somzimba jikelele
- Ukwandisa inani le-oxygen elinikezwe izicubu
Izimbangela
I-CF ibangelwa isici kumjoqo we-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conducance regulator ( CFTR ). Umsebenzi wegciwane le-CFTR ukwenza iphrotheni elawula ukuhamba kasawoti namanzi ngaphakathi naphuma kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wethu.
Ngamunye wethu unamakhophi amabili wegesi le-CFTR ngoba sithole eyodwa kubazali bethu ngamunye. Ngezinye izikhathi isakhi se-CFTR esiyithola kubazali bethu asivamile, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi siyoba neCF.
Uma umuntu ezuza njengefa:
- 2 izakhi zofuzo ezijwayelekile ze-CFTR: Ngeke abe ne-CF futhi ngeke abe yithwala.
- 1 ejwayelekile ye-CFTR gene kanye ne-1 ejwayelekile ye-CFTR geni: Ngeke abe ne-CF kodwa uzophatha isakhi esingenaphutha futhi angayidlulisela kubantwabakhe.
- 2 Izakhi zofuzo ezingavamile ze-CFTR: Uyoba nesifo se-CF.
Ukuvimbela
Ngenxa yokuthi i-cystic fibrosis yisifo esizuzwe njengefa, asikwazi ukuvinjelwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwegciwane le-CFTR elingalungile kungatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwengane , imibhangqwana eyazi noma esolwa ukuthi oyedwa noma bobabili abalingani bangase baphathe i-CF defect kufanele bafune ukwelulekwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze banqume amathuba abo okudlula izifo ze-CF.
Ukuphila Nge-Cystic Fibrosis
Kwakungakaze kudlule ukuthi abantwana abane-cystic fibrosis babevame ukuhlala ngaphesheya kwentsha. Manje, kwaziwa okuningi ngesifo esingaziwa esikhathini esidlule. Lolu lwazi luye lwaholela emiphakathini yokwelapha evumela abantu abane-cystic fibrosis ukuba baphile ukuphila okusebenzayo futhi okukhiqizayo baze babe ngabantu abadala. Abantu abahlala ne-cystic fibrosis kudingeka bathathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuqapha izifo. Bazodinga futhi ukuthatha ama- enzyme okugaya, ama- antibiotic akhiphekile, neminye imithi yabo bonke ukuphila kwabo. Amadoda avame ukungabi nabantwana, abesifazane bangase bavuthwe kodwa basakwazi ukukhulelwa.
Uma Ingane Yakho Ixilongwa
Udokotela wakho womndeni noma udokotela wezingane uzoqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngonakekelo ngosizo lweqembu labachwepheshe. Kungenzeka ukuthi uzokutshela esikhungweni sakho se-cystic fibrosis. Uma kungenjalo, cela ukuhanjiswa. Izikhungo ze- Cystic fibrosis zisebenza ngabahlengikazi kanye nabachwepheshe bezokwelapha ezisebenza ngokukhethekile kule sifo futhi bahlomele kakhulu ukuqapha ingane yakho futhi banikeze ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni oluthile kakhulu. Ephakathi, ingane yakho izobona ithimba labahlinzeki kubandakanya i-pulmonologist (isazi se-lung) nesondlo. I-cystic fibrosis isikhungo siyindawo enhle yokuthola ulwazi mayelana nemithombo yomphakathi nemithombo kazwelonke etholakalayo kuwe.
Umthombo:
I-Cystic Fibrosis. I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute: Izifo Nezimo Index. Agasti 2007.