Ukushaywa yisisu kubangelwa imbangela yesithathu yokufa e-United States ngemuva kwesifo senhliziyo nomdlavuza. Unyaka ngamunye, abantu abangaba ngu-800 000 balimala ngesifo sohlangothi futhi abangu-140,000 bafa ngabo.
Ngenxa yokuthi isifo siyabulala, kufanele ulungele ngolwazi mayelana nezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezinhliziyo endaweni yakho kumngane noma ilungu lomndeni obhekene nalolu daba olubi kakhulu lwezokwelapha.
Izinhlobo zesifo sofuzo nesiphuthumayo
I-Ischemic stroke iyenzeka uma kunesidingo noma ukuvinjelwa komkhumbi ebuchosheni obangelwa ukuhlushwa noma ukugubha. I -thrombosis ye-cerebral yakha ukwakheka kwegazi ngaphakathi kwengqondo evimbela ukugeleza kwegazi. Ukumbumbana kwe-cerebral kwenzeka lapho i-clot eyakhelwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni ihamba eya ebuchosheni futhi ivimba ukugeleza kwegazi .
Iziguli zesifo se-Ischemic ezisinda ekuhlaselweni okunamandla zinganikwa imishanguzo ye-clot-buster, njenge- tPA; igazi elincane, njenge-heparin; noma ama-anti-clotting agent, afana ne-aspirin.
I- stroke enesifo esiyingozi iyenzeka lapho umkhumbi uqhuma futhi uphuma ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Lokhu kulimala kuvame ukubangelwa yi- aneurysm , okuyinto eyanciphisa futhi ikhukhumeza indawo yomkhumbi. Ukuhlukunyezwa nokucindezela okwandayo ebuchosheni kungabangela nokushaya kabuhlungu futhi.
Ukwelapha okulimazayo okuhlosiwe kuhloswe ekulawuleni ukucindezela okungahambi kahle , noma ukucindezelwa ngaphakathi kwekhanda.
Awekho ama-blood thinners noma ama-anti-clotting asetshenziswa kusukela ukushaywa kwegazi kubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi. Umgomo wokwelapha ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi nokunciphisa ukucindezela okungahambi kahle ukuze kuncishiswe umonakalo ebuchosheni. Ukungenelela kufaka phakathi imithi yokwelashwa ukunciphisa ukucindezela okungahambi kahle futhi ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ebuchosheni, ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa izitsha eziphukile, noma izindlela zokwelapha ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwegazi emkhunjini ophukile.
Ukushaywa isisu nokunakekelwa kokuphawula
Naphezu kwezokwelapha eziphuthumayo, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlukunyezwa abathathu ufe ngenxa yalokho. Ukufa kungalandela ukushaywa masinya ngokushesha noma kufika esikhathini esithile kamuva. Izisulu zokuhlukunyezwa ezisinda ekuhlaselweni kokuqala zingase zibe nezinkinga ezinkulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ukukhubazeka, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukungabikho komzimba kanye nokuphuza umoya okukhulisa umoya kwandisa ingozi yokufa. Ukushaya isifo kungabashiya abantu e-coma noma esimweni sezitshalo eziphikelela, ukuvula umnyango ezinqumweni ezinzima nezibalulekile mayelana nenhlalakahle yabo.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative nezinhlelo zokubeletha kungasiza labo abalimazwe ngukushaya kanzima nabathandekayo babo ukwenza izinqumo ezinzima ngenkathi bebhekene nezidingo zomzimba, ngokomzwelo nangokomoya. Ukugxila ekunakekelweni okuhambisana nokubhebhetheka kwezifo kuhlukile kubantu ababenesifo sokushaya. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kuvame ukwenza esikhungweni sesibhedlela ngaphandle kokulinganiselwa esikhathini sokuphila. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kungaqaliswa ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ukuxilongwa kokugcina .
Ukunakekelwa kwezibhedlela, noma kunjalo, kufanelekile kuphela kubantu abanezinyanga eziyisithupha noma abaphansi ukuba baphile futhi abakhetha ukufa endaweni yabo. I-hospice iyisinqumo esifanele kumuntu oye wanquma ngokumelene nokwelapha okuqhubekayo kokuphila, okufana ne-tube feedings kanye ne- air conditioning ventilation .
Izisulu zokuhlukunyezwa iziguli ezithintekayo zivamise ekhaya noma zivunyelwe esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwezingane zokwelapha izinsuku ezisele.
Imithombo:
> I-Internet Stroke Center. Izibalo zesisindo. http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/stroke-statistics/
Holloway RG, Benesch CG, Burgin S, Zentner JB. Isibikezelo kanye nokwenza izinqumo ngesifo esibucayi. I-JAMA. 2005; 294: 725-733.