Okumele Ukulindele Ngaphambi Kokuqala, Ngesikhathi, nangemva Kokuhlinzwa
Isikhathi sokubheka isikhathi sokusetshenziswa yisikhathi esisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izigaba ezintathu ezihlukene zanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinza, okufaka isigaba sokuqala, isigaba sokuqala ukusebenza, nesigaba se-postoperative.
Njalo ukuhlinzekwa kwehlelwe kulezi zigaba ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi futhi kutholakale ukuthi ubani onomthwalo wokubheka nokuhlinzekela isigaba ngasinye sokunakekelwa.
Ngokulondoloza ngokuqinile izinqubo kanye nokuhlukaniswa okucacile komyalo, amaqembu esibhedlela akwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa okuhle kusukela ngesikhathi ukuhlinzekwa kuhlelwe isikhathi lapho umuntu evuselelwa ngokugcwele.
I-Preoperative Phase
Isigaba sokuqala, esibizwa ngokuthi isigaba sokuqala , siqala ngesinqumo sokuhlinzwa futhi siphela lapho isiguli siphethwe ukuhlinzwa. Lesi sigaba singaba mfushane kakhulu, njengamacala okuhlukunyezwa okujulile, noma sidinga isikhathi eside sokulungiselela isikhathi lapho umuntu angadingeka ukuba azilawule, alahlekelwe isisindo, ahlolwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, noma alindele ukuthola isitho sokufakelwa .
Enye yemigomo yesigaba sokuqala ukuphatha ukukhathazeka okungase kuphakame, kungaba ngenxa yesimo esiphuthumayo noma ukulinda isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ukukhathazeka kwangaphambi kokuqala kungumphumela ovamile otholakala iziguli futhi ongakwazi ukukhululwa ngokuqhubekayo nomuntu oyedwa noma ngaphezulu wethimba lezokwelapha.
Ngaphambi kokudla, lowo muntu ngokuvamile uyodokotela nodokotela ohlinzayo. Lapho umuntu engeniswa esibhedlela, ukunakekelwa kwesiguli kanye nokwengamela kuzovame ukuhlanganiswa nabahlengikazi oyedwa noma abaningana.
Isigaba se-Intraoperative
Isigaba sesibili, esaziwa ngokuthi isigaba sokusebenza, sihilela ukuhlinzwa ngokwayo.
Iqala lapho isiguli siphendulela ku-suite yokuhlinzeka futhi siphela lapho isiguli sisithunyelwe ku-unit-anesthesia ukunakekelwa unit (PACU).
Phakathi nalesi sigaba, isiguli sizobe sinikwe ngaphambilini futhi sinikezwe uhlobo oluthile lwe-anesthesia , noma i- anesthesia ejwayelekile ( ukungaqondi kahle okuphelele), i- anesthesia yendawo (ukuvimbela ubuhlungu ngenkathi ivukile), noma i- anesthesia yesifunda (njenge-block spinal noma epidural block).
Njengoba ukuhlinzwa kuqala, izibonakaliso ezibalulekile zesiguli (kufaka phakathi izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula, ne-oxygen oxygen) zizohlolwa ngokucophelela. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yesigqirha nodokotela we-anesthesiologist, amanye amalungu eqembu azoba nomthwalo wokusiza udokotela ohlinzayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, nokuvimbela ukutheleleka phakathi nokuhlinzwa.
Isigaba se-Postoperative
Isigaba sokugcina, esibizwa ngokuthi isigaba sokulandela, yisikhathi esilandelayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Njengengxenye yesandulela-phambili, isikhathi singase sifushane, sihlale amahora ambalwa, noma sidinga izinyanga zokuvuselelwa nokuvuselelwa.
Lapho isiguli siphapheme futhi sikulungele ukushiya i-PACU, umhlengikazi we-post-anesthesia uzodlulisela umthwalo wokunakekelwa emuva kumhlengikazi we-perioperative. (Kwizibhedlela ezincane, umuntu ofanayo angase abe nomsebenzi womabili womthwalo wemfanelo.)
Ukunakekelwa kwe-postoperative kugxile ekuqapheleni nasekulawuleni impilo yesiguli sezempilo kanye nokusiza ekutheni kutholakale ukuphumula ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuqinisekiswa kwe-hydration, ukuqapha ukucubungula noma ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ukusiza ngokuhamba, ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okunempilo, ukuphatha ubuhlungu nokuvimbela ukutheleleka.