Amathiphu okunciphisa ukuthembela emanzini wezokwelapha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwenjabulo yokuzijabulisa nokujwayelekile, njengoba kuchazwe abezindaba, kuhluke kakhulu nokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha .
Emazweni afana neCanada, lapho odokotela bekwazi ukunquma imbuni njengoba kunikwe umthetho womthetho, ukuxhomeka kwezidakamizwa kuhlale kukukhathazayo.
Odokotela bafuna ukunikeza ibhodlela ukuze kunciphise izimpawu ezihambisana nokugula okujulile njenge- multiple sclerosis ngaphandle kokwandisa ukuthembela emthini.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukuthembela nokulawula kabi, abanye odokotela baseCanada baye baphakamisa imihlahlandlela yokuthi bangayidla kanjani ngokucophelela imbiza yezokwelapha.
I-Marijuana Dependence Nokubekezela
Izinganekwane ezizungeze inambuzane ukuthi umuthi "awuyena umlutha." Sicela ukhumbule ukuthi inambuzane, njenganoma imuphi isidakamizwa, inokuhlukunyezwa, ukubekezelelana, nokuthembela okungenzeka. Eqinisweni, phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-9 no-12 kubo bonke abasebenzisi kukhona inkinga yabasebenzisi abaxhomeke kulo muthi kubangela kokubili imiphumela yomzimba kanye nomphakathi. Izimpikiswano ezinjalo zibandakanya ukusebenza komhlaba wonke okwenziwe ngokweqile, izinsiza ezihlukumezekile ekutholeni izidakamizwa, ukukhubazeka ukusebenza emsebenzini kanye nesikole, ubudlelwane bomphakathi obuqhekekile, kanye nobungozi bezingozi zemoto.
Ukuxhomeka kwe-Marijuana kukhula kancane kancane kulabo abayithunga njalo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abazithokozisa izidakamizwa baqala ukusebenzisa ibhodlela nsuku zonke nangokwenyuka kwama-dosage. Abasebenzisi baseMariju abancike kulowo muthi bangase babheke nezinye izinkinga namalungiselelo amakhulu.
Njengoba kunjalo nanoma imuphi umuthi, ukwethembela emanzini kunciphisa imiphumela ejabulisayo noma ephusheni yomuthi. Lokhu kunciphisa injabulo kubasebenzisi abaxhomekile kubonisa ukubekezela ekuthandeni kokuziphatha komjoju kanye nempilo. Ezinye izibonakaliso zokubekezelelana kwezidakamizwa nemiphumela yayo zibuye zenzeke nokubandakanya ukubekezelela ukunyuka kwe-marijuana ekwenzeni intliziyo (tachycardia) nokunciphisa ekugcineni kwegciwane elihlangene (i-shot-blood eyes).
Ngemuva kokuphela kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, abasebenzisi abasebenzisa inambuzane bathola izimpawu zokuhoxiswa. Lezi zimpawu ziqhamuka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka futhi zihlanganisa ukucasuka, ukufisa, i-anorexia, nokuphazamiseka kokulala. Ngenhlanhla, izimpawu ezinjalo zidlula phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ekusetshenzisweni kokuyeka, futhi abasebenzisi bokuqala abalahlekelwa ukubekezelela imiphumela ye-physiologic kanye nengqondo yomuthi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhoxiswa kwezinye izidakamizwa ezifana ne-heroin nokuphuza utshwala, ukuhoxiswa ngosangu kunomusa futhi akudingi ukuhlala esibhedlela. Noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa ngabanye kanye neqembu kuyasiza kulabo abahlela ukuyeka lesi sidakamizwa.
Eminyakeni yamuva, abalimi bezimbiza nabasasazi baye bahlakulela izinambuzane ze-marijuana njenge-sinsemilla namalungiselelo e-hash-mafutha agcoke kakhulu emthonjeni we-THC, isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo samantombazane.
Ngomnyaka we-1970, umthamo we-THC wesilinganiso ebhodweni lokubhema bekuyi-1 amaphesenti kodwana manje kungama-13 amaphesenti. Kuye ngokuthi ilungiselelwe kanjani, inambuzane ingaba nomthelela ophakeme kakhulu we-THC. Lokhu kukhula okwandayo kuqinisa ukuxhomekeka futhi kuhoxisa ukuhoxiswa.
Iseluleko Sokusetshenziswa Kwemithi Yezokwelapha
Ayikho isiqondiso esihle esisekelwe ebufakazini esiphezulu sokuthi ingcono kanjani ukubhema inambuzane ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Isiqondiso esinjalo sincike ekucwaningeni okuhle, futhi kukhona ukucwaninga okuncane ngale ndaba.
Noma kunjalo, ngokusekelwe kulokho esikwaziyo mayelana nokhula, odokotela abashicilela eCanada Medical Association Journal ngo-2014 baye bakhipha iseluleko sokuthi bangcono kanjani ukudla inambuzane yezokwelapha. Nazi ezinye zezeluleko zabo:
- Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale insangu yezokwelapha, iziguli kufanele ziqale ukulungiselela amalungiselelo omlomo njenge-nabilone.
- Inambuzane yezokwelapha akufanele ixutshwe ne-nicotine noma utshwala.
- Abasebenzisi bezinyosi zezokwelapha kumele bangabhemi nsuku zonke.
- Iziguli ezibhema inambuzane kufanele zisebenzise i-vaporizer ukunciphisa ukungena kwe-carbon monoxide nemikhiqizo engabangela ukushisa.
- Abantu abanezinkinga zemizwa, ukukhathazeka kokukhathazeka kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokugula ngengqondo kufanele bahlolwe ngokucophelela futhi beqaphele ngaphambi kokuthola imithi yezokwelapha. Ukwengeza, abasebenzisi abanjalo kufanele baphuze inambuzane yezokwelapha kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile.
- I-cannabis eyomile kufanele ikhawulelwe kumaphesenti angu-9 we-THC.
- Abasebenzisi bomuthi wezokwelapha kufanele bavimbele inani elibhemayo ku-400 mg ngosuku noma noma yikuphi phakathi kwamakhophi angu-4 no-8 ngezinsuku abazisebenzisayo.
- Abantu ababhema inambuzane yezokwelapha akufanele babambe umoya lapho bebhema. Yize kunzima kakhulu ukulinganisa inani le-THC namagaynabinoid enza indlela yokujikeleza ngamapayipi, bakholelwa ukuthi ukubamba umoya wakho kwandisa lokho kutholakala.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu yezokwelapha kufanele kube kuphela kulabo abaneminyaka engu-25 nangaphezulu. (Abacwaningi basho ubufakazi bokuthi inambuzane ingathinta ubuchopho obukhulayo.)
- Inambuzane yezokwelapha akufanele ibekwe kubantu abanezinkinga zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa.
- Abantu akufanele baqhube noma basebenzise imishini esindayo amahora ayisithupha ngemuva kokubhema inambuzane yezokwelapha.
- Inambuzane yezokwelapha kufanele isetshenziselwe kuphela ukunciphisa izimpawu zezifo futhi hhayi ukudukisa ukudakwa nokukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ngamanye amazwi, abantu ababhema inambuzane yezokwelapha akufanele bathole ngokweqile ukungasebenzi.
Ekugcineni, inambuzane yezokwelapha kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ukuphatha izimpawu ezihambisana nokugula okujulile. Abantu abanezinyosi zezokwelapha akufanele basebenzise imiyalelo yabo yokuhlukumeza lesi sidakamizwa futhi bahlale bephezulu njalo.
E-United States, iziphathimandla zikahulumeni nezombuso zithinteka kakhulu ngokusemthethweni kokugubha inambuzane ukuthi baye bachitha isikhathi esincane bebhekene nezindaba ezibaluleke kakhulu eziseduze: Kwezinye izifundazwe, abantu banikezwa inambuzane ngendlela elawulwa ngokungahambisani nemfashini ukwandisa ukuthembela, ukubekezelelana nokuhoxiswa.
Imithombo:
> Kahan M no-Srivastava A, "Imithetho entsha yezokwelapha: isiphepho esizayo" iCanada Medical Association Journal, 2014.
UMartin PR. Isahluko 15. Izinkinga ezihlobene nezimo. Ku: Ebert MH, Loosen PT, Nurcombe B, Leckman JF. ama-eds. UKUHLOLA OKUPHAKATHI Nokwelashwa: Ukuzizwa kwengqondo, 2e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2008.
UMello NK, uMendelson JH. Isahluko 394. I-Cocaine Nezinye Izidakamizwa Ezixhashazwa Ngokuvamile. Ku: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. I-Harrison's Principals of Internal Medicine, 18e . ENew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.