Ukuxilongwa, Ukwelapha, Nokusinda Amanani
Kuvamile ukuthi abantu bathole ukuthi banesifo somdlavuza wesibeletho sesiteji. Nakuba kungesabisa ukuzwa ukuthi unesigaba sesi-2 (esikhundleni sesigaba 1 noma i-DCIS), isigaba sesi-2 sisabhekwa njengesifo somdlavuza webele webele futhi abantu abaningi benza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni, baqhubeke nokuphila okujwayelekile. Ngisho noma lesi sigaba ngezinye izikhathi kuhilela umdlavuza ezithombeni eziseduzane, azibhekwa njenge-metastatic.
Ake sibheke amaqiniso mayelana nokuhlukanisa, ukuphatha, nokuhlala esiteji sesibili somdlavuza webele.
Sibutsetelo
Umdlavuza wesibeletho uhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine (noma ezinhlanu) eziyisisekelo. Umdlavuza webele we-Stage 0 noma i- ductal carcinoma in situ (i-DCIS) ayithathwa njengomdlavuza webele we-invasive njengoba ungakafiki kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-membrane yesisekelo.
Izigaba 1 ukuya ku-4 zamanqamu webele zibhekwa njengomdlavuza "wokuhlasela". Lokhu akusho ukuthi baye bahlasela ezinye izicubu noma ukuthi basakazekile. Kusho nje ukuthi badlulile egumbini elingaphansi futhi babe "namandla" ekusakazeni. Isigaba 1 yisigaba sokuqala somdlavuza webele we-invasive nesigaba 4 yisona esiphezulu kunazo zonke futhi sibhekwa njengomdlavuza webele we-metastatic.
Umdlavuza wesifuba we-Stage 2 uhlanganisa izicubu okungenani okungu-2 cm no-5 cm ububanzi futhi kungenzeka zisakaze kuma-lymph nodes eduze kwe-tumor.
Isiteji
Amanqamu aphethwe futhi ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ngento ebizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-TNM .
Kulesi simiso:
- T imelela usayizi we-tumor. T0 kusho ukuthi isisu asikwazi ukutholakala esifubeni. I-T1 ihlanganisa izicubu ezinama-2 cm noma ngaphansi (inch noma ngaphansi). I-T2 ihlanganisa izicubu eziphakathi kuka-2 cm no-5 cm ngobubanzi. I-T3 ihlanganisa izicubu ezinkulu kunezingu-5 cm ububanzi.
- N imele ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node. I-N0 (i-N-zero) ingasho ukuthi umdlavuza awusakazeki kunoma iyiphi i-lymph nodes. I-N1mi ichaza amakhemikhali asakaze kuma-lymph nodes kepha ukusakazeka kungatholakala kuphela ngaphansi kwe-microscope ( micrometastases ). I-N1 isetshenziselwa ukuchaza izicubu eziye zasakazeka okungenani i-node eyodwa ye-lymph eduze ne-tumor. I-N2 ibhekisela kuma-khansela asakaze kude ne-tumor.
- M imelela imetastasis. I-M0 isho ukuthi akukho metastases ekhona. I-M1 isho ukuthi umdlavuza webele usakaze kwezinye izifunda zomzimba ezifana namathambo, ubuchopho, isibindi, noma amaphaphu.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-TNM, kunezinhlanganisela eziningana ze-T ne-N ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa umdlavuza njengesigaba 2A noma isigaba 2B. Njengoba ngesigaba sesi-2 isifo somdlavuza sebele asizange senziwe, i-M ilandelwa njalo yi-zero. Okusemandleni esigaba 2 kufaka:
- Isigaba sesi-2A: T0, N1, M0: Asikho isidumbu esitholakale esiswini lesifuba, kodwa amangqamuzana omdlavuza afakwe emagqabini omzimba oseduze nebele.
- Isigaba sesi-2A: T1, N1, M0: Une-tumor ye-2 cm noma encane esakaze okungenani i-lymph node eyodwa, OR: i-tumor yakho iye yahlasela izicubu eziseduze okungenani ngu-0.1 cm futhi isakaze okungenani i-node eyodwa node.
- Isigaba sesi-2A: T2, N0, M0: I-tumor yakho ingaphezu kwama-2 cm noma ngaphansi kuka-5 cm, kodwa ayizange ithinte noma yiziphi izinqamuzana ze-lymph.
- Isigaba 2B: T2, N1, M0: I-tumor yakho inkulu kunama-2 cm futhi ingaphansi kuka-5 cm, futhi ihileleke amakhemikhali e-lymph eseduze.
- Isigaba 2B: T3, N0, M0: I-tumor yakho ingaphezu kuka-5 cm, kodwa ayifinyelelanga udonga noma isikhumba sakho esifubeni, futhi akahambanga nanoma iyiphi i-lymph nodes.
Ukwelapha
I-oncologist yakho izoqoqa yonke imiphumela yokuhlolwa kumdlavuza wakho futhi ikunikeze ukuxilongwa okuphelele.
Izinketho zokwelashwa zizofana kakhulu nalabo abathintekayo umdlavuza webele we-1, ngokuhlukahluka kwamathenda amakhulu noma izinhlobo eziphezulu ze-cancer.
- Ukwelashwa Kwendawo: Izinketho zokukhetha zizobandakanya i- lumpectomy noma i- mastectomy , engase ilandelwe imithi yokwelashwa emdongeni webele noma esifubeni. Uma kuphakanyiswa imisebe, lokho kuzothinta isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwesinye sezinyosi ongase ube nayo.
- I-Systemic Treatments (I-Adjuvant Treatments): Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa ziyophazamisa amangqamuzana wonke umzimba wakho futhi izosiza ukuvimbela ukuphindaphindiwe. Ngokuya ngobudala bakho, impilo ejwayelekile, isimo se-receptor ye-hormone , ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node nemiphumela ye-HER2 / neu , unganikwa i-chemotherapy , ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal , i- Herceptin , noma ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlosiwe.
- I-Neoadjuvant Treatment: Ungase ukhethe ukuhlinzwa kokubeletha kwebele, kodwa ube nesisu esinzima kakhulu ukuze sibe nomphumela omuhle ngemva kwe-lumpectomy. Kulokhu, i-oncologist yakho ingasikisela ukuba ube nokwelashwa okuhlelekile ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngethemba lokuthi uzokwehlisa isisu. Uma le ndlela iphumelela, i-tumor encane ingasuswa futhi ukwelashwa kwendawo kunganikezwa uma kunesidingo. Ezinye izicubu aziphenduli kahle ngaphambi kokwelashwa futhi uma kwenzeka, i-mastectomy iyodingeka. Ungase ucabange kabusha ukuvuselelwa kwebele .
Amanani Okusinda
I-National Cancer Data Base ithola ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda emdlalweni wesibeletho se-2A samaphesenti angu-93 ezigulini eziqediwe ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kuye kwathuthuka kakhulu ngaleyo nkathi, ngakho-ke ungathemba ukuthi uzohlala isikhathi eside uma usanda kutholakala. Uzobona i-oncologist yakho iminyaka emihlanu yokunakekelwa okulandelwayo njalo emva kwezinyanga ezintathu njalo emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu ungadinga kuphela ukubona i-oncologist yakho kanye ngonyaka, kodwa lokhu kuvakashelwa kuvame ukuqhubeka kuyo yonke impilo yakho. Lokhu kuhambela kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvuselela kuyahamba kahle futhi ukuthi ukwelashwa kokuphindaphinda ngeke kudingeke.
Ukunakekelwa Okulandelwayo
Ungase uchithe izinyanga eziphakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu ukuya kweziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye noma isikhathi eside ekwelapheni okusebenzayo emdlalweni wesibeletho sakho sebele 2. Kungaba lula njengokuhlinzwa futhi amasonto ayisithupha emisebeni, noma njengokubandakanyeka njenge-chemo ephelele, imisebe, kanye nemithi yokwelapha eyengeziwe. Noma ngabe yikuphi, uzoba neminyaka emihlanu yokulandela ukulandelela kokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa nge-oncologist yakho, lapho kungase kudingeke ukuthi uthathe ukwelashwa kwe-hormone uma isisu sakho sibhekene ne-hormone sensitive. Abanye oncologist s manje batusa ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal okungaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu kulabo abanesisu se-estrogen-receptor-positive. Uma une-tumor e-estrogen-receptor enhle, i-oncologist yakho ingasikhuthaza ukuthi usebenzise i- bisphosphonate therapy uma unguma-postmenopousal. Ama-bisphosphonates yimithi esetshenziselwa i-osteoporosis kodwa konke kubonakala kungasiza ukunciphisa ithuba lokuthi umdlavuza webele uzosakazeka emathanjeni (indawo evamile kakhulu ye-metastase).
Ukubhekana
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza webele wesigaba 2 ungase uzizwe ukhululekile yizo zonke okufanele uzifunde. Hlola lezi zeluleko lapho ungaqala khona nge- cancer entsha yesifo sebele .
Ngokujabulisayo, kukhona manje izinqwaba zemithombo ongathola ngayo ukusekelwa, futhi ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho. Cela usizo futhi ufinyelele kubathandekayo bakho. Ngisho noma ujwayele ukuba "onamandla" uncike kwabanye ukusekela. Yibandakanyeke kwenye yamaqembu asekela umdlavuza webele webele noma imiphakathi yokusekela iyatholakala.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, funda indlela yokuba ngummeli wakho ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wakho . Ukwelashwa kwe-Cancer kuguquka ngokushesha, futhi kubalulekile ukuqonda okukhethwa kukho ukuze ube yilungu elisebenzayo lethimba lakho lokwelapha umdlavuza.
Izwi Elivela Esigabeni 2 I-Cancer Breast
Uma uthola ukuthi unesifo somdlavuza wesifuba sesi-2, ubukeka buhle kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi ube ne-chemotherapy kanye / noma imishanguzo ye-radiation kunokuba ngabe isisu sakho sisesiteji soku-1, kodwa lezi zicubu zisaphathwa kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi ukusekela kubalulekile. Finyelela kubangani. Funda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngomdlavuza wakho. Cabanga ukuthi uhileleke eqenjini lenkxaso yendawo noma umphakathi wesifo somdlavuza emphakathini. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wesifu kuthuthukisa, futhi ngaphezu kokusekela, le miphakathi yindawo enhle yokuhlala ingalingani nocwaningo lwamuva ngomdlavuza webele. Okubaluleke kakhulu, yiba ngummeli wakho ekunakekeleni kwakho. Qinisekisa ukuthi uqonda uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha futhi ukhumbule ukuthi ungumuntu obaluleke kunazo zonke eqenjini lakho lokunakekela umdlavuza.
> Imithombo:
> National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa Kwemdlavuza Webele (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-treatment-pdq.