Ukushiswa kwe-oksijeni-ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi i-O sats, noma ngokumane, iziphuzo-kubhekisela ezingeni lapho i-hemoglobin igcwele umoya-mpilo. I-hemoglobin iyisici egazini elibopha umoya-mpilo ukuze lithwale egazini legazi ezingxenyeni, amathishu, namaseli omzimba. Ukushisa okwenziwe nge-oxygen ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphakama kwamaphesenti angu-96 no-98%.
Ngamanye amangqamuzana egazi abomvu aqukethe ama-molecule angu-4 we-hemoglobin.
I-iron, ekhona ku-hemoglobin, yilokho oksijeni ebophezela ngemva kokuhlukana ne-alveoli emaphashini nakuma-capillaries emaphaphu. Iningi le-hemoglobin ligcwele ngokugcwele.
Ukufakelwa kwe-oksijeni kuxhomeke ku:
- Ukutholakala kwe-oksijeni.
- Ukushintshaniswa kwegesi emaphashini: Ikhono le-oksijeni lokufinyelela i-alveoli, kanye kanye ne-alveoli, ukusabalalisa ngokusebenzisa izindonga ze-alveoli ne-capillary ukuze kufinyelele amaseli obomvu egazi.
- Ukuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin ngamaseli abomvu egazi.
- Ukubambisana kwe-hemoglobin yomoya-mpilo, ngamanye amazwi, indlela i-hemoglobin eqine ngayo idonsela umoya-mpilo.
Ukulinganisa ukugcwala kwe-oksijeni
I-saturation is saturation ivame ukulinganiswa noma:
- Igazi lokugaya liyaphela: I-value etholakala egazini legazi noma i-ABG's (i-SaO2) ichaza i-oxygen saturation yegazi elibangelwa igazi, futhi itholakala ngokudweba igazi emthonjeni onjenge-radial umcibisholo esihlakaleni noma umthambo wesifazane e-groin.
- I-oximetry ye-pulse: Inani elitholakala egazini legazi le-peripheral usebenzisa i-pulse oximetry (SpO2) livame ukubonisa amazinga atholakalayo egazini legazi. I-oximetry ye-pulse inenzuzo yokuba yisilingo esingenasidingo, esisebenzisa iphenyo elihlanganiswe nomunwe noma i-earlobe noma ezinye izifunda zomzimba ezifunda ubude obukhulu bokukhanya obuboniswa egazini. Akukhona nje ukuthi ama-pulse oximeters ajwayelekile manje ekuqapheleni abantu esibhedlela, kodwa abantu bangalandela nokugcwalisa ngokwabo ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka.
Ukwehlisa Ukwenyuka Kwama-oksijeni
Ukuwa kwezinga le-oxygen saturation kubhekiselwa ku-desaturation, noma i-hypoxemia, futhi kungabangelwa yiziphi izinguquko noma umonakalo ezinhlobonhlobo ngenhla.
- Ukushintsha kokutholakala kwe-oksijini kungabangelwa ukujula kwe-oksijeni emoyeni ophefumulelwe njengasezindaweni eziphakeme futhi lapho usindiza endizeni.
- Izinkinga nge-gas exchange exchange eyenza ukuthi ukwehla kwe-oksijini saturation kungabandakanya noma yini eyanciphisa ikhono le-oksijeni ukuhamba kusuka emoyeni wangaphandle kuze kube se-alveoli emizimbeni yethu noma ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwe-oksijeni kusuka e -alveoli kuya kuma-capillaries egazini .
- Ukwehlisa ukuphefumula kwe-oksijeni kungabangela ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-hemoglobin, njengokwenqaba kwe-anemia .
- Ukunciphisa i-hemoglobin ye-oksijeni kungase kwenzeke uma kukhona enye into ekhona ehlanganisa kakhulu i-hemoglobin kunokwenza i-oksijeni, njenge-carbon monoxide ubuthi lapho kuhlanganiswa khona i-carboxyhemoglobin.
I-Hypoxemia ne-Hypoxia
Imigomo i-hypoxemia ne-hypoxia ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngokungafani kodwa kodwa isho izinto ezihluke kakhulu. I-hypoxemia yili gama elichaza ukuhlushwa kwe-oxygen egazini. I-Hypoxia nayo ichaza imiphumela eyenzeka ngenxa ye-hypoxemia.
Lapho amangqamuzana engatholi oksijini okwanele, angase avumelanise uma ukuntuleka kuncane. Kodwa-ke, lapho kunesiphakamiso esikhulu, umphumela umonakalo wamangqamuzana olandelwa ukufa kweseli.
I-hypoxia ivame ukubangelwa yi-hypoxemia, kodwa kungenzeka futhi lapho:
- Kukhona i-anemia ngoba kukhona ambalwa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ngakho ngisho negazi eligcwele okwenziwe okwenziwe ngokugcwele alilethe oksijini okwanele kwezicubu.
- Kukhona ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele ngakho-ke igazi eligcwele okwenziwe nge-oksijeni alifinyeleli izicubu.
- Izishukela azikwazi ukusebenzisa igazi elisebenzayo elithuthukisiwe.
- Izicubu zidinga igazi elingaphezulu kune-oksijeni elingakhululwa, njengezifo ezinzima.
Ukwelapha i-Hypoxemia ne-Hypoxia ngenxa ye-Hypoxemia
Uma ukuphefumula kwe-oksijeni kwehla ngezansi kwezinga elithile, ngokuvamile ukwelashwa okwenziwe nge-oxygen kuyadingeka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuvela ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukucacisa imbangela yokuphefumula okuphansi kwe-oxygen. Ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko ke umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa.
Umthombo
- Collins, J., Rudenski, A., Gibson, J., Howard, L., noRo O'Driscoll. Ukukhuluma ngokucindezela okwenziwe oksijini, ukugcwala, nokuqukethwe: ijika le-hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation. Phefumla . 2005. DOI: 10.1183 / 20734735.001415.