Izifo Nezimo Zengane
Yize kungenjalo njengokuvamile njengoba kwakunjalo, ngenxa yokutholakala kokudla okunezinsimbi ema-1980s naku-1990, ukungabi nensimbi kuyisisusa esijwayelekile se-anemia ezinganeni ezincane.
Imizimba yethu idinga inani elithile lensimbi ukusiza i-hemoglobin emaqenjini ethu egazi ithwale i-oxygen. I-iron iyingxenye ye-enzyme eminingi futhi iyadingeka ukuba isebenze kahle, isibonelo, ukusiza ukugaya ukudla nokulawula ukukhula kwamaseli, njll, futhi kusiza imisipha yethu isebenzise i-oxygen.
Izingane zingahlakulela ukungena kwensimbi ngenxa yokuthi ayitholi ukudla okwanele nge-iron ekudleni kwazo, okuyindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke, noma ngenxa yokuthi ilahlekelwe igazi negazi ngesizathu esithile.
Sibutsetelo
Ukusiza ukubona zonke izingane ezine-anemia ye-iron, i-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi zonke izingane zihlolwe noma zihlolwe ukutholakala kwe-anemia yensimbi lapho zinezinyanga ezingaba ngu-12 ubudala (ukuhlolwa kwendawo yonke).
Izinsana, izinsana, kanye nezingane ezindala zingabuye zihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile uma kucatshangwa ukuthi zisengozini yokuntula i-anemia yensimbi, okufaka:
- izingane zakudala
- abantwana abancanyana kuphela abangaqala ukudla ukudla okusanhlamvu okunezinsimbi, noma ukuthola omunye umthombo noma insimbi, cishe izinyanga ezine
- izinsana ezinikezwa ubisi lwezinkabi noma ubisi lwezimbuzi ezingavunyelwe, esikhundleni sokuba ubisi lwebele noma ifomula lomntwana, ngaphambi kokuba zibe nezinyanga ezingu-12 ubudala
- ukuphuza ama-ounces angama-24 obisi nsuku zonke, imbangela evamile yokuntuleka kwensimbi ezincane
- abantwana besimo esiphansi sezomnotho
- izingane ezinokulahleka kwegazi okungapheli, njengezihudo ezingapheli, isilonda noma isifo sofuba, njll.
- izingane ezinezinkinga ezingelapheki zezokwelapha noma izidingo ezikhethekile zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye / noma lezo ezidliwayo ezivinjelwe, ezifana nokudla okungenalutho kwe-gluten noma ukudla okuqeda ukudla
- izitshalo nezitshalo ezingenayo ukudla okwanele nge-iron noma ukwesekwa kwensimbi
- amantombazane asencane abadlali bezokuncintisana kanye / noma abe nezinkathi ezinzima
Ukuhlola
Uma ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuhlolwa kwe-iron okuntuleka kwe-anemia, okuvame ukuhlolwa kwegazi elula ye- hemoglobin , kuphansi, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokwehla kwensimbi kungenziwa. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwe:
- i-serum ferritin (i-SF) ne- C-esebenzayo amaprotheni ama-protein (CRP), noma
- ama-reticulocyte hemoglobin (CHr) amazinga
Ngokuvamile, izingane ezine-anemia ezingenalo iron ziyoba ne-hemoglobin ephansi, i-serum ferritin ephansi, i- CRP evamile , nezinga eliphansi le-reticulocyte hemoglobin, okuyisilinganiso sensimbi etholakalayo yamaseli okuwasebenzisa.
Kubantwana abane-anemia emnene, ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo akudingeki njalo, futhi bayokwelashwa kuphela nge-iron eyengeziwe (ukuhlolwa kwezinto zokwelashwa kwe-iron) futhi bavuselele i-hemoglobin ngenyanga. Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kungenziwa uma kungathuthuki.
Izimpawu
Izingane eziningi azikho izimpawu noma izimpawu zezinkinga ze-anemia ezingenalutho futhi kunalokho zitholwa kuhlolo lokuhlola lokujwayelekile.
Abanye banesifo se-anemia noma izibonakaliso ze-anemia , ezingabandakanya:
- i-paleness ejwayelekile, kufaka phakathi isikhumba esikhwamayo, izindebe, kanye nokwabelana kwamehlo (pallor)
- ukucasuka
- ukuphoqa noma ukugijima kwenhliziyo (amaphupho)
- ikhanda
- uzizwe buthakathaka
- isiyezi
- ukhathele kalula
- ukusebenza kahle esikolweni
- inkathazo yokugcina ukushisa komzimba okujwayelekile
- kokuba nolimi oluvuthayo (glossitis)
- ukuphazamisa noma ukuhlukanisa emaceleni ezindebe (stomatitis angenayo, cheilitis, noma cheilosis)
- ukuhlafuna ngezinto ezingekho ukudla, njengobumba, iphepha, ukungcola, njll, okuthiwa i-pica, noma ukuhlafuna eqhweni (pagophagia)
- unomunwe omncane futhi obomvu, oba yi-spoon-form (koilonychia)
- ukuthuthukisa i-tinge ye-bluish kuya esikhaleni noma ingxenye emhlophe yeso (i-sclera eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka)
- ingozi eyengeziwe yokwelashwa
Ukuqaphela nokwelapha i-iron anemia yindlala kubalulekile, ngoba kungathinta nokuthuthukiswa kwentuthuko yengane nokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo.
Ngisho nangaphandle kokubangela i-anemia, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukungena kwensimbi kungathinta inkumbulo yengane nemisebenzi yengqondo. Kubantu abadala, kungabangela ukukhathala futhi kuphazamise ikhono labo lokusebenza ngokomzimba.
I-AAP ithi ngisho 'nokuntuleka kwensimbi ngaphandle kwe - anemia kungase kuthinte kakhudlwana ukuthuthukiswa kwe-neurovelopmentment kanye nokuziphatha kwesikhathi eside futhi ukuthi enye yale miphumela ingenakwenzeka.'
Ukwengezwa
Ukunakekelwa kokuntuleka kwe-iron ukulahlekelwa yi-anemia kuhilela ukunikeza umntwana noma ingane insizwa yokwengeza yensimbi nokuguqula imbangela yokuntuleka kwensimbi, njengokuthi izingane ezincane ziphuze ngaphansi kwama-ounces angama-24 obisi futhi zithole izingane ukuba zidle ukudla okuningi nge-iron.
Izithako ezidumile zensimbi zezingane zifaka:
- I-Fer-in-Sol Iron Supplement Drops (i-ferrous sulfate)
- I-Feosol Tablets (i-ferrous sulfate)
- Ukumiswa kwezingane ze-ICAR kanye nezinhlanzi (i-carbonyl iron)
Abanye abantu bacatshangwa ukuthi ifomu le-sulphate lensimbi linamathele kangcono kune-carbonyl iron, kodwa abanye bacabanga ukuthi i-carbonyl iron ivikelekile futhi inemiphumela emibi yechungechunge yomzimba.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho wezingane mayelana ne-supplement ye-iron engcono kunazo zonke, umthamo, nokuthi ingane yakho izodinga isikhathi esingakanani ukufaka usizo lwe-iron. Khumbula ukuthi nakuba ama-multivitamine amaningi ezinganeni angase abe nezinsimbi, ngokuvamile akwanele ukwelapha ingane enesisindo sensimbi.
Imiphumela emibi ye-supplements ye-iron ngezinye izikhathi ingafaka ukudonsa okwesikhashana kwamazinyo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuqothulwa, isifo sohudo, izitofu ezimnyama, kanye / noma izitho zomzimba.
Imithombo Yokudla
Ukwengeza ukuthatha ukwesekwa kwe-iron, ukusiza ukuvimbela ingane yakho ukuba iphinde iphinde isetshenziswe ukungena kwensimbi, kubalulekile ukuthi adle ukudla okunengi ngensimbi. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulahlekelwa kwe-anemia yensimbi ekuqaleni.
Ukudla ngensimbi kubandakanya labo abane- heme iron , njengezinyama ezibomvu ezimbi (inyama yenkomo, ingulube, iwundlu), izinkukhu, kanye nezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Leli fomu lensimbi lithatha kangcono izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu kunensimbi esesitshalweni nokudla okuqinile, okungeyona i-heme iron . Amaprotheni enyama kanye ne-vitamin C angasiza imizimba yethu ithole insimbi engeyona i-heme nakuba.
Ezinye iziphuzo ziqiniswa ngensimbi (okungewona i-iron iron), kufaka phakathi i-Carnation Instant Breakfast Mix, i-Ovaltine, nezingane ezincane noma izinyathelo ezilandelayo.
Okudingeka Ukwazi
- Ukwengezwa kwe-iron yefomula akucatshangelwa ukuthi kubangele i-colic noma izimpawu zamathumbu.
- Ukudla okunamavithamini C, kufaka phakathi imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nama-juice wezithelo ezingu-100, kungasiza insimbi ukuthi ifakwe kahle, ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukubheja ukudla okungenayo i-iron ne-supplements kanye nokudla okunamavithamini amaningi.
- Izithako ze-Iron ngokuvamile kufanele zinikezwe phakathi kokudla ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi eningi ngangokunokwenzeka itholakala ekuxhaseni kwensimbi.
- Ama-Tannins atheyi, i-calcium, nama-phytates ezinhlakalweni kanti okusanhlamvu konke kunganciphisa ukungena kwe-non-heme iron.
Imithombo:
Umbiko wezokwelapha we-American Academy of Pediatrics. Ukuxilongwa Nokuvimbela Ukwehla Kwe-Iron kanye Nokuntula Kwe-Iron Anemia Ezinsaneni Nezingane Ezincane (iminyaka engu-0-3 yobudala). Izingane zokwelapha 2010; 126: 1040-1050.
I-Hoffman: i-Hematology: Izimiso eziyisisekelo nokuzijwayeza, 5th ed.
I-Kliegman: UNelson Bookbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed.
I-NIH. Ihhovisi Lezithako Zokudla. I-Supplement Supplement Sheet Factory: Iron. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 2007.