Amathiphu abalulekile Wonke umuntu kufanele azi
I-Hypothermia yisidingo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa ukushisa ngokushesha kunokuba ungayikhiqiza, okwenza ukwehla okuyingozi ekushiseni komzimba okuyisisekelo. Ngaphandle kokwelapha okusheshayo nokuphoqeleka, inhliziyo, amaphaphu nezinye izitho zingaqala ukuvala, okuholela ekuhlulekeni komzimba nokufa. Inhloso eyinhloko ukukhipha isisulu emakhazeni futhi ukuvuselela umzimba wakhe ngokuphepha kuze kufike amasevisi aphuthumayo. Ukwelapha kungase kubandakanye ukuvuselela kabusha, ukufudumala ukugulisa umzimba, ukuvuselela igazi nokuphuzisa amaphaphu nesisu ngesamanzi anosawoti afudumele.
Ukuyeka Ukulahlekelwa Kushisa
I-Hypothermia kwenzeka lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliyisisekelo-izinga lokushisa kwezitho negazi phakathi nendawo yomzimba, hhayi amaconsi esikhumba ngaphansi kwama-95 degrees.
Lokhu kungenzeka ezimweni eziningana, njengokuthi uma umuntu ephuma esibanda kakhulu isikhathi eside noma ewela emanzini abandayo. Abantu abamanzi bazolahlekelwa ukushisa komzimba ngokushesha kunabo abomile. Ngokufanayo, izimo ezinomoya zingabamba ukushisa kude nomzimba ngokushesha kunanoma kunjalo.
Kungakhathaliseki imbangela noma ukuqiniseka kwakho kwe-hypothermia, uma unomuntu ohlangabezana nezibonakaliso nezimpawu - izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphansi kanye nokuphefumula okungajulile ngokuphathelene-udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngokuyeka ukulahlekelwa komzimba.
Ukwenza lokhu:
- Hambisa umuntu emakhazeni , mhlawumbe endaweni eyomile, efudumele. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukungena endlini, khusela umuntu emakhazeni nasemphefumulweni, umgcine esimweni esingezansi ukuze igazi likwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekile.
- Susa izingubo ezimanzi. Sika izingubo uma udinga ukumboza ngokushesha umuntu onembotongweni noma izingubo ezomile. Qinisekisa ukumboza ikhanda lomuntu, ushiye ubuso buvezwe.
- Faka umuntu emhlabathini obandayo uma ungakwazi ukungena endlini. Sebenzisa izingubo zokulala, izikhwama zokulala, noma ngabe yikuphi ukugqoka okungenzeka ube khona.
- Shayela u-911. Uma ukuphefumula komuntu kuyekile noma kungavamile, noma ukushaywa komzimba kunamandla kakhulu, qala u-CPR uma uqeqeshwe ukwenza kanjalo.
Ukuvuselela
Uma unomuntu ovikelekile emakhazeni futhi ususe noma yikuphi izingubo ezimanzi, kuzodingeka uthathe isinyathelo esifanele ukuvuselela umzimba kuze kube yilapho kufika usizo.
Ukwenza kanjalo ngokuphepha:
- Yiba mnene. Gwema ukuxubha lomuntu ngobuhlungu. Umuntu oye wabhekana nokuhlushwa okunzima ngokuvamile uyoba nenhliziyo engavamile. Ukugxuma, ukuhamba, noma ukumisa umzimba umuntu ngokusemandleni kungabangela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo .
- Nika iziphuzo zokufudumala. Yenza kanjalo kuphela uma lo muntu ephapheme futhi ekwazi ukugwinya. Nikeza iziphuzo ezifudumele, ezinomsoco, ezingenayo i-caffeinated. Gwema utshwala nganoma yiluphi uhlobo njengoba lokhu kuzopholisa umzimba ngisho nangaphezulu.
- Sebenzisa ukuphefumula okufudumayo, okumile , okungcono ukushisa okusheshayo okusheshayo kokushisa okusheshayo (isikhwama seplastiki esivuthayo uma sicindezelwe), ithawula elifudumalayo elifudumele, noma ipaneji yokushisa kagesi ihlelwe phansi.
- Gwema ukushisa okukhulu kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukushisa okushisayo, ukushisa okushisa, noma ukugeza okushisayo kwamanzi. Ukweqisa isikhumba kungaholela ekulimaleni komzimba noma, nakakhulu nakakhulu, kubangele ukuhlelwa kwesifo esibi kakhulu (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile).
- Gwema ukufudumala izingalo noma imilenze ngoba lokhu kubangela ukubuyela emuva enhliziyweni, emaphashini, nasebuchosheni, nokuncipha izinga lokushisa komzimba nokwandisa ingozi yokuhluleka komzimba. Esikhundleni salokho, gxila ikakhulukazi esifubeni, ubuhlungu, nentamo lapho kutholakala khona imishanguzo emikhulu.
Ukungenelela kwezokwelapha
Uma kunakekelwa okunye okudingekayo, amasu ahlukene angase asetshenziselwe ukuvuselela umzimba ngokusekelwe kanzima kwe-hypothermia:
Ukuvuselela Okungaphandle Kwangaphandle
Ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwangaphandle (PER) kusetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-hypothermia emnene. Kufaka nje ukubeka umuntu endaweni efudumele ngokufanelekile, ehlanganiswe ekugxileni, futhi kancane kancane akhulise izinga lokushisa lomzimba okuncane ngezinga elilodwa ngehora.
Ukuvuselela okuyisisekelo okusebenzayo
I-PER ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa uma izinga lokushisa lomuntu liwela ngaphansi kwezingu-86 degrees. Kule nkathi ukuthi ukuthuthumela ngokweqile kuyomisa futhi umzimba ngeke usakwazi ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa ngokwakho. Ngalelo phuzu, inhliziyo iyohlala ingazinzile futhi ukusetshenziswa kokushisa kwangaphandle kuzothuthukisa ingozi ye-arrhythmia.
Esikhundleni se-PER, i-core activation rewarming (ACR) izosetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba oyinhloko ngendlela ephephile nangaphezulu. Kunezindlela eziningana lokhu okungenziwa:
- Ukudla umoya ofudumalayo, okhuphuka emaphashini nge-mask oksijini noma ebhukwini lokuphefumula
- Ukulawula uketshezi olufudumele ngaphakathi (ngaphakathi kwesisindo)
- Ukunisela isisu (i-peritoneal cavity) noma indawo ezungeze amaphaphu (pleura) ngamanzi anosawoti ashisayo yonke imizuzu engu-20 ukuya kwangu-30
- Ukulawula uketshezi olufudumele emgodleni nge- catheter ye-Foley
- Ukuvuselela igazi nge umshini we-hemodialysis noma umshini we-inpass machine
- Ukusebenzisa i-diathermy, inqubo lapho imisebe ye-microwave ephansi ephindaphindiwe ingaletha ukushisa emathisini ajulile
Ukulandelwa Kwokwelapha
Ngokuvamile, umuntu ophethe i-hypothermia udedelwa ekhaya ngemuva kokuba ukwelashwa kuqedile uma izinga lokushisa lomzimba lakhe lingaphezu kwama-89.9 degrees ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa .
Uma izinga lokushisa komzimba lingaphansi kwalokhu, ukugcinwa esibhedlela nokuqapha kwamahora angaphansi kwama-24, kuze kube yilapho imisebenzi ebalulekile iqiniswa, kuyadingeka.
> Umthombo:
> Jarosz, A .; I-Darocha, i-T .; Kosinsky, S. et al. I-Hypothermia Eyingozi Eyingozi: Indlela Eyisimiso Yokuqashelwa Nokuphathwa Okusebenzayo. I-ASAIO J. 2017; 63 (3): e23-e30. I-DOI: 10.1097 / MAT.0000000000000422.