Uyazi ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kubalulekile empilweni nasekuziphatheni kahle, futhi ukusebenza komzimba kuyasiza ngisho nasekuvimbeleni izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Kuze kube yamuva, i-leukemia ne-myeloma ayengekho ohlwini phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ongazinciphisa ingozi ngokuzivocavoca.
Ucwaningo luhlolisise umbuzo wokuzivocavoca kanye nokunciphisa ingozi ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza.
Abalobi baphawula ukuthi amandla amakhulu okutadisha kwabo ukuthi, ngolwazi lwabo, yisifundo esikhulu kunazo zonke esake senziwa emisebenzini yomzimba kanye nengozi yomdlavuza.
Abacwaningi bashicilela ukutholakala kwabo emagazini ka-May 2016 weJAMA Internal Medicine . Baqaphela isimo samanje kanye nesidingo salolu cwaningo-umsebenzi womzimba unciphisa izingozi zesifo senhliziyo, umdlavuza we-colon, umdlavuza webele, kanye ne-cancer ye-endometrial-kodwa kancane uyaziwa ngokuthi umsebenzi womzimba unciphisa ingozi yamanye amagciwane, okuyinto emele ngempela cishe amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 wamacala omdlavuza omusha e-United States.
Ukuzivocavoca Nokufundwa Kwemdlavuza - Imibuzo
Yeka Indlela Engajwayelekile Yokungasebenzi?
Amaphesenti angaba ngu-51 ase-United States nabantu abangamaphesenti angu-31 emhlabeni jikelele abatholi amazinga wokuncintisana okwenziwe ngokomzimba. Noma yimuphi ukwehla engozini yomdlavuza ohlobene nokusebenza ngokomzimba kungase kuhambisane nemizamo yempilo yomphakathi kanye nokuvimbela umdlavuza .
Iyini Umsebenzi Wokuzijabulisa Ngesikhathi Sokuzilibazisa?
Imisebenzi yokuzilibazisa yesikhathi sokungcebeleka ichazwe kulolu cwaningo njengemisebenzi eyenziwa ngokuqonda komuntu ukuthi kuthuthukiswe noma kugcine impilo noma impilo.
Iqembu lokucwaninga lahlanganisa imikhakha emibili yemisebenzi yesikhathi sokuzilibazisa: imisebenzi emincane yokulinganisela kanye neminye imisebenzi enamazinga amakhulu okuqina okuphakanyiswa yimikhombandlela yokusebenza ngokomzimba.
Abacwaningi Bakufunde Kanjani Abantu Abahlakulela I-Cancer?
Kulesi sifundo basebenzisa imibuzo, kodwa babuyekeze amarekhodi wezokwelapha kanye nolwazi lomdlavuza we-cancer. Konke, amaphesenti angu-99 amacala omdlavuza aboniswe kulolu cwaningo aqinisekiswe ngamarekhodi wezokwelapha noma imibiko yezilwane-izibalo ezenziwa abahlengikazi lapho behlaziya isampula noma i-biopsy specimen ephenduka umdlavuza.
Bangaki Abantu Ababe Kulesi Sifundo?
Lolu cwaningo luvela ku-1.44 million abahlanganyeli ababenesidingo sokugcina isikhathi sokuzilibazisa kanye nomlando womdlavuza esisezingeni eliyisisekelo.
Abahlanganyeli abaningi, amaphesenti angu-57, babengamakhosikazi, iminyaka yobudala emkhakheni wokuqala waba ngu-59, nesikhombiso somzimba womphakathi, noma i-BMI yayingama-26. Amazinga omsebenzi ophakeme ahlotshaniswa nobudala obuncane, imfundo ephakeme, i-BMI ephansi, nokunciphisa amathuba okuba ukubhema okwamanje.
Zingaki Izifo Zomdlavuza Zazifundiswa?
Abacwaningi babheka izinhlobo ezingafani ezingama-26 zomdlavuza. Ngesikhathi seminyaka engama-11 yokulandela, uphenyo lwe-186,932 lwaziwa.
Yini Okutholakele?
Ukuphakama okuphezulu nakwezinga elingaphansi lomsebenzi wokuzilibazisa ngesikhathi sokuzilibazisa kwakuhlotshaniswa nezingozi ezingezansi kuma-khansa angu-13 angama-26 afundelwa.
Umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa ngesikhathi sokuzilibazisa wawuhlanganiswe nengozi ephezulu ye-melanoma ebulalayo, futhi ingozi enkulu kakhulu yomdlavuza ongaphambilini we-prostate.
Izinga eliphakeme lokuzilibazisa lesikhathi sokuzilibazisa lihlotshaniswa nengozi ephansi engamaphesenti angu 7 yomdlavuza.
Ngokwe-myeloid leukemia ne-myeloma, lolu cwaningo luthole inhlangano eqinile-okuwukuthi, imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba yayihlotshaniswa kakhulu nomdlavuza omncane-noma kunjalo, lezi zithole zahluke ekufundeni kuka-2015 ezingazange zithole umphumela.
Kulesi sifundo, "i-myeloid" ichazwe ngamakhodi akhethekile, noma izinhlobo ze-histology ze-ICD-0-3, nama-leukemia angama-myeloid afaka: i-acute myeloid leukemia, i-chronic myeloid leukemia, nezinye ze-myeloid / monocytic leukemia.
Abanye ososayensi baye bathi izinzuzo ezivela ekuzivocavoca komdlavuza ekunciphiseni ingozi zivela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo-ezilahlekelwa amafutha, futhi uzosika ingozi yakho.
Yize kunjalo lokhu kuyizifo eziningi, ukufundwa kwalolu cwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi imisebenzi yomzimba kanye nemikhakha yomdlavuza ngokuvamile yayingaboniswa yinkomba yomzimba womzimba, noma i-BMI, engaphikisana nale nhlobo ye-fat for most cancer.
Ukuzivocavoca, isifo sikashukela, kanye neHIV
Kulabo abanenkinga yokukhuluphala ngokweqile nokukhuluphala, enye yamagugu angasiza ukukwazi ukuthi ngisho nokuncipha kwesisindo kungenza umehluko ngokwephrofayli yakho engozini, futhi bheka sikhuluma ngengozi yakho yengqondo, futhi hhayi ngempela ingozi yomdlavuza wakho.
Ucwaningo lwesifundo sikashukela, noma ukutadisha kwe-DPP, kubonise ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo samaphesenti angu-7 kanye nokungenelela okujulile kokuziphatha kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesi-2 ngamaphesenti angu-58. Ucwaningo lwe-DPP luyisifundo esibucayi lapho babonisa ukuthi indlela yokuphila ingashintsha ngempela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.
Uma isifo sikashukela se-type 2 sifundwe njengento engaba yingozi ekuthuthukiseni i- hematologic malignancies, noma i-blood cancers , imiphumela ayizange ibe yinto ejwayelekile.
Ezinye izifundo zithole ubudlelwane phakathi kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili kanye nobungozi bokuthuthukisa i-lymphoma, i-leukemia, ne-myeloma. Nokho, izifundo ezinjalo azichazi ukuthi isifo sikashukela singakhuphula kanjani ingozi yomuntu.
Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhuluphala, ukudla, amazinga okusebenza ngokomzimba kanye ne-glucose-ukwehlisa imithi efana ne-metformin nezinye izidakamizwa yizinto zonke ezivame ukuhamba nesifo sikashukela. Ngakho uma isixhumanisi sitholakale sinesifo sikashukela, kuzodingeka futhi uhlole izici abantu abanesifo sikashukela ababelana ngakho ukuze babone ukuthi yini engase ibe nomthwalo wengozi eyanda.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olwakhulunywa ngo-May 2012, "Igazi," uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lwaluhlotshaniswa nobungozi obunomqondo okhuphuka obunomthelela we- non-Hodgkin lymphoma, kodwa hhayi i-Hodgkin lymphoma . Futhi, lapho i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes iwahlolwa, ingozi ekhulayo nge-type 2 yesifo sikashukela yayikhona yechungechunge le-T-cell lymphoma, kodwa hhayi ngezinye izingxenye ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma .
Ezimweni eziningi, abacwaningi abakwazi ukuthi yini ebangelwa ukulimaza i-hematologic malignancies. Izifo ezithile ezifana ne-Epstein-Barr virus, izifo ezizimele njenge-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, i-Sjögren's syndrome, ne-systemic lupus erythematosus , noma umlando womndeni omuhle ungabaluleka ekuthuthukiseni ezinye zalezi zomshukela.
Ayikho ubufakazi obucacile obonisa ukuthi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili luyisisindo esinamandla sokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hematologic, noma kunjalo.
Ngaphansi
Ngisho noma lesi sifundo sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo kanye nomdlavuza kungasese-base, futhi konke okutholayo okuphambene nokuzivocavoca, ukuvivinya umzimba okulinganiselayo kuzobe kunconywa kakhulu ngokusekelwe kuzo zonke ezinye izinzuzo zezempilo eziyaziwayo, kuhlanganise nokuqina komzimba jikelele impilo nempilo.
Qaphela ukuthi lesi sihloko samanje sikhuluma ngendima yokuzivocavoca ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza. Isihloko sokuzivocavoca ngesikhathi ukwelashwa komdlavuza yisihloko esihluke ngokuphelele .
Imithombo:
Moore SC, Lee IM, Weiderpass E, et al. Umhlangano Wokuzilibazisa-Isikhathi Umsebenzi Wokwenyama Ngengozi Yama-26 Izinhlobo Ze-Cancer ku-1.44 Million Adult. I-AMA Intern Med. 2016.
I-Hallal PC, Andersen LB, uBull FC, et al. I-Lancet Yomsebenzi Womsebenzi Wesiqhema Sokusebenza Iqembu. Amazinga womsebenzi womhlaba wonke: inqubekela phambili yokubhekwa, imfucuza, namathemba. I-Lancet . 2012; 380 (9838): 247-257.