Ukwelashwa okusha okubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kuyatholakala kumdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngokungafani namakhemikhali ajwayelekile, lezi zelashwa zihlose amaprotheni kumangqamuzana omdlavuza noma amangqamuzana ajwayelekile avunyelwe yi-tumor emizamweni yakhe yokukhula. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, bathambekele ekubeni nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emithini yemithi esetshenziselwa umdlavuza.
Njengamanje, lezi zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi esigabeni sesithathu nesine umdlavuza wamaphaphu ongazange uphendule kwezinye izifo . Imithi emibili ejwayele ukujwayela ihlanganisa:
I-Tarceva (erlotinib)
Ubuso bamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu bumbozwe ngeprotheyini okuthiwa i- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) , okusiza amangqamuzana ahlukane. I-Tarceva isebenza ngokungavumeli i-EGFR ukuthi ikhulume ngomdlavuza wamaseli ukukhula. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi iphumelele ezinhlotsheni eziningi zeziguli, kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi isebenze kulabo abangakaze baphuze noma besifazane abasebasha. Njengoba inikezwa njengephilisi yansuku zonke, imiphumela emibi kakhulu yilezi zikhukhula njengesikhumba, nesifo sohudo. Nakuba ukuqhuma isikhumba kungaba yisisindo sokuziqhenya, labo abahlakulela i-erlotinib banamathuba amaningi okuphendula ukwelashwa.
Xylori (crizotinib)
Phakathi kuka-3 no-5% wabantu abanomdlavuza we-cell wamaphaphu okungewona omncane kunomumo owaziwa ngokuthi i-ALK-EML4 ye-gene rearrangement.
Kubantu abanalolu shintsho, i-crizotinib yemithi itholakale ukwandisa ukusinda okungahambisani nokuqhubeka. Njenga-erlotinib, i-crizotinib ivame ukuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu kune-traditional chemotherapy futhi ingathathwa njengemithi yomlomo. Ngokufanayo, lokhu kunguquko uma kungenzeka ukuthi itholakale kubantu abangakaze babheme.
Ngenkathi i-crizotinib ikhulisa ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo, ukuphikiswa kuyaqhubeka njalo. Ngokuthakazelisayo imithi emisha itholakale ekuvivinyweni komtholampilo okungase kusebenze uma ukuphikisana ne-crizotinib kukhula, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umdlavuza we-ALK-positive ungaphathwa njengesifo esingapheli, njengesifo sikashukela.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nomdlavuza wamaphaphu we-ALK kulesi sihloko
Kusukela ngo-2014, i- crizotinib nayo ivunyiwe kubantu abanokushintshashintsha kwe-ROS1 . Njengalabo abane-mutations alk, i-crizotinib yandisa ukusinda okungahambisani nokuqhubeka.
Eminye imishanguzo iyahlolwa manje emilenzweni yezokwelapha kubantu abaye bavinjelwa ngemithi yezinguquko ze-EGFR kanye nezinguquko ze-ALK, nezinye "ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezithintekayo" ezifundiswayo.
Ukuhlolwa Kwemvelo (I-Molecular Profiling) I-Cancer Cancer
Manje sezizwa sengathi wonke umuntu onomphuza wamaphaphu aphezulu (nabanye abantu abanomdlavuza we-squamous cell wamaphaphu , ikakhulukazi labo abangakaze baphuze) kufanele bahlolwe ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi izidumbu zabo zizobhekana nemithi ehlosiwe. Naphezu kwalokhu, abantu abaningi abangase bahle ngenxa yalezi zinguquko futhi ngenxa yalokho abazokhethwa kule mithi, abazuzi inzuzo yokuhlolwa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuprofetha kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza wamaphaphu kulesi sihloko
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. Imithi ehlosiwe. 08/13/15.
> National Cancer Institute. I-Can-Small Cell Lung Cancer (PDQ). Ukubheka Okukhethwa kukho Ukwelashwa. Kubuyekezwe 05/12/15.