Ukuhlinzwa njengendlela yokwelashwa kwe-Cancer Cancer Treatment
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungase kube ukwelapha uma kubanjwa ezinyathelweni zangaphambili. Njengoba uqonda ukuthi ukuhlinzeka kusebenza kahle kangakanani, yiziphi izinhlobo zezinqubo ezivame ukwenza, futhi lokho okubandakanya kungakusiza uxoxe ngeqembu lakho lokunakekelwa ngumdlavuza noma ngabe lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Sibutsetelo
Lapho ukhuluma ngezinketho zokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu, kuyasiza ukuthi uqale uhlukanise lezi zokwelapha ngezigaba ezimbili: ukwelashwa kwendawo kanye nokwelashwa kwesistimu.
Izindlela zokwelapha zendawo zilapha ukwelashwa kwamangqamuzana (izicubu) lapho zivela khona kodwa aziphatheli noma yiliphi amangqamuzana asakaze kude nesisu sokuqala. Kokubili ukwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe yilapha yilapha. Ngokwehlukile , ukwelapha amaseli omdlavuza noma yikuphi lapho kwenzeka khona emzimbeni hhayi nje esakhiweni lapho isisu siqalile khona. I-Chemotherapy, imithi ehlosiwe, kanye ne-immunotherapy kubhekwa njengokwelapha okuhlelekile.
Ukukhetha Uma Ukuhlinzwa Kukulungele Wena
Izinto eziningana zicatshangelwa uma kunquma ukuthi ukuhlinzeka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lokhu kufaka:
- Uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu - Ukwelashwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokwelashwa komdlavuza ongasona omncane wamaphaphu . Njengoba umdlavuza omncane we-cell wamaphaphu uvame ukusakazeka kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzeka ngokuvamile akuphumelelanga ngaphandle kwezicubu ezincane kakhulu futhi kuvame ukuphathwa kangcono nge-chemotherapy kanye / noma imisebe. (Isihloko esilandelayo sixoxa ngezinhlahlandlela kanye nokuchazwa kokuhlinzekwa komdlavuza omncane we-cell lung .)
- Isigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu - Isigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu ungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzicabange lapho ucabanga ngokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu kulabo abanesigaba 1 , isigaba sesi-2 , nesigaba se-3A somdlavuza wesifo samangqamuzana esincane. Isigaba 3B nesigaba 4 somdlavuza ngokuvamile ziphathwa nge-combination of radiation and chemotherapy . Ngezigaba 1B kuya ku-3A kancane, ukuhlinza kuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-chemotherapy kanye / noma imisebe (i-adjuvant chemotherapy.)
- Indawo yomdlavuza - Uma isisu sisondelene nesitho esibalulekile, njengenhliziyo, ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa kungabhekwa njengokuphephile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiteji sini. Ngezinye izikhathi i-chemotherapy kanye / noma imisebe yenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kunciphise ubukhulu besisu futhi kwenze kube ngaphezulu ukusebenza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-neoadjuvant therapy.
- Umsebenzi jikelele wezempilo / amaphaphu - Isimo sakho sempilo jikelele, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, kanye nemisebenzi yamaphaphu kunganquma ukuthi inqubo yokuhlinzeka iphephile kangakanani kuwe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uhlobo lwe-radiation therapy (i-radiotherapy yomzimba ebizwa ngokuthi i-stereotactic body, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cyber ummese) litholakale isebenza ngokuphumelelayo ekwelapheni ezinye izicubu ezincane okungenzima ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yendawo yazo.
Kwenzekani Ngaphambi Kokuhlinzwa
Ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlinzekwa kubhekwe ukuthi i- oncologist yakho izodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukuhlolwa kwe-oda ukucacisa isigaba somdlavuza wakho, futhi uhlole ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzwa kuncike endaweni yesikhumba. Uzonikezwa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuhlola impilo yakho jikelele, nokuhlolwa kwephunga kuzokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unempilo ngokwanele ukuba uhambe ngokuhlinzwa futhi uphefumule kahle emva kwalokho.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zokuhlinzwa
Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezintathu zokuhlinzwa zenziwa ukukhipha umdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Lezi zihluka ngokususa izicubu zomdlavuza kanye nezicubu eziseduze, ukuqeda ukususwa kwamaphaphu, kuye ngokuthi usayizi nendawo yesikhumba. Lezi izi:
- Ukwandisa umthengisi (ukuthengiswa kwesigaba) - Ukuvuselelwa komgqa womdlavuza wamaphaphu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye yamaphaphu ehlanganisa isisu kanye nezinye izicubu ezizungezile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusetshenziselwa lapho isikhumba sibanjwa ekuqaleni kakhulu.
- I- lobectomy - I- lobectomy yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yokuhlinzwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi ihilela ukususa i-lobe yamaphaphu. (Iphaphu elungile linama-lobes amathathu futhi iphaphu lesokunxele linama-lobes amabili.)
- I- pneumonectomy - I- pneumonectomy ihilela ukukhipha yonke iphaphu.
Lezi zindlela zokuhlinza zingenziwa nge-incision enkulu edongeni lwesifuba (i-thoracotomy) noma nge-thoracoscopy eyasiza ngevidiyo (i-VATS), inqubo lapho kufakwa khona ukufaka izinto eziningana ezimbalwa emgqeni wesifuba nokuthi isisu sisusiwe . Ngenkathi abantu abakwazi ukuthola izinqubo ze-VATS balulame ngokushesha, le nqubo ayisebenzi kuwo wonke ama-tumor amaphaphu futhi ayikwenziwa kuzo zonke izikhungo zomdlavuza.
Izingozi
Izingozi ezivela ekuhlinzekeni komdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlanganisa ukulimala kwezakhiwo ngaphakathi noma eduze nemaphaphu, izingozi ezijwayelekile ezihlobene nokuhlinzwa, kanye nezingozi ezivela ku-anesthesia jikelele. Udokotela ohlinzayo nodokotela we-anesthesiologist bazoxoxa ngalezi zingozi nawe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphuza
- Ukutheleleka
- Ukubola kwephaphu ( pneumothorax )
- Ukulimala ezakhiweni eziseduze ezifana nenhliziyo
- Izingozi ezivela ku-anesthesia jikelele
- Amaqabunga egazi (i-Blood clots - i-thrombosis ejulile ye-vein kanye ne-embolism elandelwayo yomswakama iyabonakala ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi ingozi ikwanda ngokuqhubekayo ngezokwelapha ezifana nokuhlinzwa kanye ne-chemotherapy.)
Ukubuyisela
- Ubuhlungu obulandela ukuhlinzwa buvame futhi buqhubeke emasontweni amaningana. Ithimba lakho lokuhlinzeka lizoqinisekisa ukuthi unemithi yokulawula lokhu kokubili esibhedlela nasemuva kokubuyela kwakho ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu bubonakala ngemva kwezinyanga emva kokuhlinzwa njengoba izinzwa ziqala ukukhula. Kubalulekile ukuvumela ithimba lakho lokunakekela impilo ukuthi likwazi uma uzwa lokhu ukuze bakwazi ukukunikeza izindlela zokulawula lokhu.
- I-tube chest . Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ithubhu yesifuba izoshiywa endaweni, ngokuphela komunye ngaphakathi kwesifuba sakho lapho ukuhlinzeka kwenziwa futhi enye ifakwe ebhodleleni ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukusiza amaphaphu akho avuselele emoyeni, futhi asuse noma yiliphi igazi noma uketshezi olwakhiwa emaphashini akho. Lokhu kungase kushiywe endaweni ngezinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba. Emva kokuhlinzwa, uzocelwa ukuba wenze umzimba wokuphefumula ukuze usize ukwandisa amaphaphu akho futhi uvimbele i-pneumonia.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Ezinye izinkinga eziningi zokuhlinza umdlavuza wamaphaphu zifaka ubunzima ekususeni ithubhu lokuphuza umoya kanye nethubhu yesifuba ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, okungathatha isikhashana. Abanye abantu bakhathazekile ngenxa yobuhlungu obuhlala njalo ngemva kokuhlinzwa - into ebizwa ngokuthi i- postpneumonectomy syndrome noma i-post-thoracic syndrome. Kube nokucwaninga okuningi okubhekisisa kule syndrome yobuhlungu eminyakeni yamuva, ukuhlola izindlela kokubili ukusiza abantu ukuba babhekane nokungahambi kahle ngemva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, nezindlela zokuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke endaweni yokuqala.
Imibuzo Yokubuza Udokotela Wakho
- Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza wami?
- Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo ezingase zibe yimpumelelo njengendlela yokuhlinzwa?
- Ngabe uluphi uhlobo lohlinzekwa oyincomayo?
- Ingabe ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezifana nemisebe noma i-chemotherapy zizohlanganiswa nokuhlinzwa?
- Ngizohlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela?
- Kungakapheli isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlinzwa ngingabuyela emisebenzini yami evamile?
- Ngingalindela ubuhlungu obungakanani, isikhathi esingakanani, futhi yini eyokwenziwa ukulawula ubuhlungu bami?
- Iziphi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke?
- Ukuphefumula kwami kuyoba njani emva kokuhlinzwa?
- Kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuzokwelapha umdlavuza wami?
Imithombo:
I-National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa Kwemdlavuza Yengculaza Engenayo Amancane. I-Health Professional Version. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq#section/all.