Ukwesabisa ebusuku kuyinkinga evamile yokulala phakathi kwezingane. Ngezinye izilinganiso, izingane ezincane ezifinyelela ku-15% zinezethulo zobusuku ngezikhathi ezithile. Nakuba zivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezineminyaka engama-2 no-6 ubudala, zingenzeka cishe noma yikuphi ubudala.
Ukuphazamiseka ebusuku kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile noma kuyingozi. Noma kunjalo, bavame ukwesaba futhi bakhathazeke kubazali abakhathazekayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobusuku bokuqala besengane.
Ukuqaphela Ukuphazamiseka Kwebusuku
Uma uzwa ukuthi ochwepheshe abaningi bachaza kanjani ukwethuka ebusuku, kulula ukubona ukuthi kungani abazali bezithola becindezela. Izingane ezinesabiso ebusuku zivame ukuchazwa ngokuthi 'zibophezele' amehlo abo evulekile, ngokubukeka kokwesaba nokwesaba, nokuyeka 'ukumemeza ngegazi'. Lezi zingane zizovama ukujuluka, ukuphefumula futhi zibe nesilinganiso senhliziyo esisheshayo (izimpawu zokuzimela). Futhi nakuba kubonakala sengathi bavukile, ngesikhathi besaba ebusuku, izingane zizovela zididekile, ngeke ziqinisekiswe, futhi ngeke zikwazi ukukubona.
Ukuphazamiseka okwenzeka ebusuku kusigcina imizuzu engama-5 ukuya kwangu-30 futhi kamuva, izingane zivame ukubuyela ebuthongweni obuvamile. Uma uyakwazi ukuvusa ingane yakho ngesikhathi sesabisa ubusuku, kungenzeka ukuthi uyesaba futhi ahlushwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokusabela kwakho ebusweni obuseduze nobusuku, ikakhulukazi uma uzamazama noma umemeza ukuba avuke.
Esikhundleni sokuzama ukuvusa ingane enesibindi ebusuku, kuvamise kangcono ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi uphephile, umduduza uma unamandla, futhi umsize aphinde alele lapho esephelile.
Izinkathazo zasebusuku ezibhekisana nama-Nightmares
Ukuphazamiseka kokuphazamiseka ebusuku kuqhutshwa umlando wengane 'yokuvuka' ekuqaleni kobusuku ekhala futhi ingenakunyakaziswa. Ukuphazamiseka ebusuku kuvame ukudideka ngama-nightmares, kodwa ngokungafani nokuphazamiseka ebusuku, ingane esebenziwayo ngokuvamile ivuselela futhi iduduze kalula.
Okunye okukhathazeka ngabazali abaningi ukuthi lezi ziqephu ziwuhlobo lokuthunjwa. Yize izinhlobo ezihlukene zokwehluleka okuyingxenye, okufaka i-lobe yesikhashana ne-epilepsy yangaphambili, ingafana nokuphazamiseka kokuhlwa, ngokuvamile kufushane (amasekhondi angu-30 kuya emaminithini ambalwa) futhi iyavame kakhulu kubantwana abadala nakwabantu abadala.
Ukwelapha Nokuvimbela Ukuphazamiseka Kwebusuku
Ayikho yokwelashwa okudingekayo ukuze kube nokuphazamiseka ebusuku. Njengoba zivame ukuvuthwa ezinganeni ezithweswe ngokweqile, ukunamathela esimweni esihle sokulala ngesikhathi sokulala nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho ithole ukulala ngokwanele ingasiza ekuvimbeleni.
Ingabe ingane yakho ishiya nje ukulala kwayo? Ingabe uyalala noma avuke ekuqaleni? Ingabe uhambweni futhi uphumelele ohlelweni lokulala lwezingane zakho?
Lezi yizinto zonke ezingabangela ukuphazamiseka ebusuku. Idayari yokulala ingakusiza ukuthi uqaphele lokhu noma enye i-trigger.
Kubantwana abathola ukuphazamiseka ebusuku ebusuku, kungase kusize ukuvusa ingane yakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi esivame ukuba nayo ukwesaba ebusuku (ukuvuswa okuhleliwe). Lokhu kucatshangelwa ukuphazamisa noma ukuguqula umjikelezo wokulala nokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka ebusuku okuvela (kungase kusetshenziselwe ukulala). Uma eyeka ukuthuthumela ebusuku ngesonto noma ngaphezulu, ungase uqale ukumvusa kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho wonke umuntu ekugcineni elala ebusuku.
Ngokuvamile, imithi yokulala ingahle isetshenziswe isikhathi esifushane uma ingane yakho isabisa kakhulu ebusuku.
Okudingayo Ukuze Ukwazi Ngezimbangi Zobusuku
Ezinye izinto ozozifunda ngezingane ezinokwesabisa ebusuku zihlanganisa ukuthi:
- Ukuphazamiseka ebusuku kubizwa nangokuthi izinkathazo zokulala noma i-nocturnus ye-pavour.
- Ngokufana nokulala nokulala, ukuphazamiseka ebusuku kubhekwa njengesiyaluyalu sokuvuvukala futhi kuvuke okuyingxenye yokulala okungeyona i-REM. Eqinisweni, izingane eziningi ezesabisayo ebusuku ziqhubeka zilala lapho zikhula. Ukwesabisa ebusuku nokulala kokubili kubonakala sengathi kugijima emindenini futhi, ngethuba eliphakeme lokunganeka kwesibindi lapho bobabili abazali benomlando wokulala.
- Ngokungafani ne-nightmare, izingane ngokuvamile azikhumbuli ukuba nesabeka ebusuku.
- Ngokungafani nemibono yasebusuku, ukuphazamiseka ebusuku kuvame ukuba khona ekuqaleni kobusuku, cishe amahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-4 ngemva kokulala.
- Uma ingane yakho ithola ukuphazamiseka ebusuku, qiniseka ukuthi abantwana nabanakekeli bayazi futhi bazi ukuthi kufanele benzeni uma kwenzeka.
Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, khumbula ukuthi iningi lezingane eziphuma ebusuku liyesabisa njengoba zikhula.
Imithombo:
U-Byars, uKelly. Isahluko 34 - Ukuvuswa Okuhleliwe: Iprotocol Yokuziphatha Yokuphatha Ukulala Nokulala Kwezingane. Ukwelapha Ukuziphatha Kwezinkinga zokulala, 2011, amakhasi 325-332
I-Petit, i-Dominique Ph.D. Ukubuthana Ukulala, Nokulala Kwesibindi: Ukufunda Kwengxenyana Yokwanda Kwangaphambili Nokuzihlanganisa Kwamalungu Okujwayelekile. I-JAMA Pediatr. 2015; 169 (7): 653-658.
I-Thornton BA Yabhekana Nezibhebhe Ebuntwaneni. The Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 147, Issue 3, September 2005, amakhasi 388-392