Ukuhlinzwa ngamathambo okungavamile okungahleliwe
Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okungabonakali, kungukuhlinzwa okungase kubhekwe njengokwelashwa kwesifo samathambo esibi kakhulu emadolweni . Ngokwesiko, iziguli ezine-arthritis ezithuthukisiwe ze-joint zizofakwa esikhundleni sokuguqa ngokuphelele . Ngokufaka esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo, wonke ama-cartilage asuswa emadolweni, futhi kufakwe ukufakelwa kwensimbi nesiplastiki .
Inqubo yokuhlinzekela ngamadolo eyingxenye yezintambo yenzelwe ukwenza isithakazelo esibalulekile ngoba isebenzisa ukungena okuncane futhi ilulame ngokushesha kunokuhlinzwa okuguqulwa kwamadolo. Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile kuyindlela yokuhlinzekwa okungajwayelekile futhi engavamile. Umqondo ukukhipha kuphela izindawo ezimele kakhulu ze-cartilage kusukela ekuhlanganyeleni, futhi ushiye noma yiziphi izingxenye ezinempilo zokujoyina ukuze uqhubeke usebenzise.
Ngokuvamile, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile kusetshenziswa izimplantshi ezibekwe phakathi kokuphela kwethambo lesenzeni kanye nesiphithiphithi se-shin. Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile kungaphinde kufake ingxenye yengxenye ehlangene ngaphansi kwe-kneecap, esikhundleni sendawo ye- patellofemoral .
Ingabe Kukhethile Okufanele Kuwe?
Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okunciphisa okuncane okuyingxenye encane yenzelwe iziguli ezine- arthritis ezinzima zamadolo ezingatholanga usizo ngemithi ejwayelekile engeyona yokuhlinzwa. Izindlela zokwelashwa zingase zibandakanye imithi yomlomo , umjovo we-cortisone , ukuvivinya umzimba okuqinisayo nokulahlekelwa isisindo .
Uma lezi zokwelapha zinganele, futhi unelisekile, khona-ke ukuhlinzwa kungacatshangwa.
Ukuhlinzeka ngamathambo okuyingxenye kungase kwenzeke uma i-arthritis emadolweni ivaliwe endaweni elinganiselwe. Uma i-arthritis isakazeke kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile akufanelekile , futhi akufanele kucatshangelwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlinzeka ngamadolo okuyingxenye kunconywa kuziguli ezi:
- Kudala kuneminyaka engama-55
- Akukona okweqile
- Akuzona izisebenzi ezinzima noma abagijimi
- Yiba nemigqa emisiwe (ikakhulukazi i-ACL)
Uma lezi zingqinamba zingakutholakali, ukuhlinzeka ngamadolo okungavumelani okuncane okungavamile kungase kungabi yimpumelelo. Ngeshwa, iziguli eziningi azivumelekile kule nqubo.
I-Downside of Replacement Placements
Iziguli eziningi ezinesithakazelo sokushintshwa kwamadolo athile zine-arthritis ezithuthukisiwe kakhulu kule nqubo. Ngenxa yokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwa kubhekwa njengendlela yokugcina yokuhlolwa kweziguli eziningi, ngokuhlinzwa okudingekayo, isidumbu sabo singase sithuthuke kakhulu ukuze sicabange ngokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngamadolo. Uma ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile kwenziwa egulini ongumuntu ompofu, amazinga okuhluleka angaba phezulu, futhi ukuguqulwa esikhundleni sokuguqula amadolo kungadingeka.
Izinzuzo Zokushintshwa Kwezigaba Ezihlukile
- Ukunciphisa Okuncinci: Ukuhlinzwa okujwayelekile okuguqula amadolo kuhilela ukuchotshozwa ngamasentimitha angu-8 ngaphesheya kwamadolo. Kukhona ukuchithwa okuphawulekayo okudingekayo ukuqedela inqubo uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngamadolo . Esikhundleni sokungena esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo okungenasidingo, inhlawulo ingamasentimitha angu-4, kanti inani le-dissection kanye nokususwa kwethambo lincane kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa Kwegazi Okuncane: Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokuxoshwa kwegazi nokudonswa kwamathambo kunesidingo sokuguqulwa kwamadolo, isidingo sokumpompela igazi asivamile. Ngendlela yokuguqa ngamadolo , ukudluliselwa kwegazi kuyadingeka njalo, futhi iziguli akudingeki ucabange ukunikeza igazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukubuyiselwa Okuncishisiwe: Kokubili isikhathi esesibhedlela futhi isikhathi sokuvuselela ukusebenza sincane ngokushintshwa kwamadolo. Iziguli zaziwa ukuthi zikhishwe ngosuku lwenqubo, nakuba ngokuvamile iziguli zikhishwa ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili emva kokusebenza. Ngokushintshwa kwamadolo wendabuko, iziguli zivame ukuhamba ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezintathu esibhedlela, futhi zingadinga ukuba uhlale esilungwini sokuvuselela isiguli.
- I-Normal Knee Kinematics: Ukuhamba kwehlangothini lamadolo kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuxhomeke ekusebenzisaneni kwezinto zakho ezihlangene, imigamu, imisipha kanye namathononi azungeze ukujoyina. Uma kugcwaliswa idolo eligcwele, eziningi zalezi zakhiwo zisuswe ukuze zivumele ukufakwa komzimba wamadolo. Ekushintsheni kwamadolo ayingxenye, ezinye zalezi zakhiwo zihlala njalo, ngakho-ke imishini nokuhamba kombuthano kuhlale kuvamile. Eqinisweni, izifundo zibonise ngokucacile kubantu abaye bagcwaliswa ngamadolo ngokugcwele ngakolunye uhlangothi nangokwengxenye ngakolunye uhlangothi, esikhundleni sabo sokuguqa ngamathambo sasizwa ngaphezulu "evamile."
Imiphumela yesikhathi eside yinto enhle kakhulu lapho ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okhethekile kwenziwa kwabaguli abafanele. Ucwaningo oludala lwabonisa imiphumela engaphumelelanga kakhulu, kodwa lemiphumela kucatshangwa ukuthi ingenxa yokukhethwa kweziguli ezimbi. Uma inqubo isenziwa esigulini esine-arthritis esasakazeke kakhulu, imiphumela kungenzeka ukuthi ingaphansi kokugculisayo. Uma udokotela wakho engasincoma ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ayingxenye, kungenzeka ube kulesi simo. Uma kunjalo, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo (isib. Amagciwane , ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, imithi, njll), noma ukuhlinzwa okuphelele kwamadolo kungcono kakhulu.
Ukuguqulwa ku-Total Knee Replacement
Uma iziguli ezinokuguqulwa kwamadolo ayingxenye zikhethiwe ngokufanele, inqubo encane yokuhlasela ingaphumelela kakhulu. Lokho kusho ukuthi ezinye iziguli ziqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i-arthritis kwezinye izingxenye zamadolo. Kanti futhi, ezinye iziguli zifaka umjoqo we-unicompartmental knee, noma zingangena emadolweni. Zonke lezi zimo zizodinga ukuhlinzekwa okungeziwe, futhi mhlawumbe ukuguqulwa ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwamadolo . Ukuguqulwa kusuka esikhundleni sokuguqa ngamadolo esikhundleni sokuguqa kwedolo ngokugcwele kungaba nzima nakakhulu ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa kwangaphambili, kodwa akuyona into engavamile futhi imiphumela yokuguqulwa inhle.
Ezinye izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo okuhlukile zifana nezingozi zazo zonke izakhi zokujoyina ezibandakanya ukutheleleka, izindwangu zegazi kanye nezinkinga nge-anesthesia. Kubalulekile ukuba nengxoxo nodokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi zale nqubo yokuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> Borus T, Thornhill T. "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2008 Jan; 16 (1): 9-18.