Xhumana ne-Dermatitis Kusuka Ezihlukahlukene Zezingqimba Zelanga
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-sunscreens kuye kwaba yingxenye yezinto zokuphila kwethu njengoba abantu baye baqaphela izixwayiso mayelana nesikhumba esonakele ilanga nomdlavuza wesikhumba. I-Sunscreen manje ifakwe ezithombeni eziningi nasezintweni eziningi ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo ezinikezele. Ngeshwa, lokhu kuye kwaholela ekusebenzeni okuhlukahlukene kwe-allergyic kumakhemikhali atholakala kuma-sunscreen. Iningi lalezi zinkinga zemizimba zimelela u-dermatitis wokuxhumana.
Kuyini Ukushisa Kwemisipha Yelanga?
I-dermatitis yokuxhumana iyingozi, isikhukhula sesikhumba esikhanyayo ngokuvamile esibangelwa ukuthintana okuqondile kwento esikhumbeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuxhumana zedermatitis, i-irritant ne-allergenic. Lo mkhuba ngokuvamile kunzima ukutshela ngokuhlukile futhi ngokuvamile akuyona into ebalulekile yokwenza.
Ngenkathi uxhumano lwe-dermatitis kuma-sunscreens aluvamile njengokungavumelani nezimonyo , akusona isimo esingavamile. Ukusabela kuma-sunscreen kungenzeka noma ngabe yiyiphi into esetshenziswayo emzimbeni, nakuba ijwayele ukuba yinto evame kakhulu ezindaweni zomzimba ngokushona okukhulu kwelanga. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-photo-contact dermatitis.
I-photo-contact dermatitis ivame ukuvela iphethini elivuliwe ilanga emzimbeni. Lezi zindawo zizofaka ubuso (kodwa hhayi amajwabu amehlo), indawo "V" yesifuba esingaphezulu nesentamo esingaphansi, iminyango yezandla kanye nezibikezelo. Indawo yentanyane ngaphansi komswakama ngokuvamile ayithintekile.
Ukuxhumana ne-dermatitis kuma-sunscreens kungenziwa ngenxa yokungabi nemfutho izithako ezisebenzayo noma ama-perfume nama-preservatives akhona kulo mkhiqizo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Patch kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolwa kwe-contact dermatitis .
Ubani Ongengozini Yokuthuthukisa Ukungezwani Kwemisipha Yelanga?
Labo abasengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa ukungezwani kokushisa kwelanga kubandakanya amaqembu alandelayo:
- Amantombazane, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezimonyo eziphezulu eziqukethe ama-sunscreen
- Abantu abanezimo zesikhumba ezihlobene nelanga ezingapheli, njengesikhumba esonakele ilanga
- Abantu abane-atopic dermatitis
- Abantu abaye bafaka isikhumba esonakele esibhedlela
- Abantu abanemisebenzi yangaphandle
I-Sunscreens isebenza kanjani?
I-sunscreens isebenza ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Ama-Absorbers Amakhemikhali: Ama-sunscreen amaningi athatha imisebe ye-ultraviolet (i-UV) (amandla avela emisebeni yelanga) futhi aguqule leli gesi libe uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwemisebe engabangela ukulimala kancani esikhumbeni. Kukhona ama-sunscreen athola izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebe ye-UV, njenge-UVA ne-UVB. Amakhemikhali amakhemikhali afaka phakathi kwama-sunscreen amaningi atholakala ngokuphelele esikhumbeni.
- Ama-block Blockers: Lezi zihlahla zelanga zibonisa ukukhanya kwemisebe yelanga kude nesikhumba ukuze kungenwa. Ama-block blockers ahlanganisa i-zinc oxide, ama-sunscreen aqoshiwe ahlale esetshenziswa ekhaleni nasemlonyeni wezinkwebe ze-beachgoers.
Yimaphi Amakhemikhali Emasimini E-Sunsc Caus Cause Alergies?
Izithako eziningi ezisebenzayo zikhona emaqenjini asebusuku abangela uxhumano lwe-dermatitis. Amanye alawa makhemikhali abangela izinkinga eziningi kunezinye. Ama- sunscreen amaningi anezithako eziningi ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke kungase kunzima ukucacisa isizathu esiqondile ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-patch yamakhemikhali ngamanye.
Okulandelayo yizithako ezisebenzayo ezivame kakhulu ezitsheni zelanga ezibikiwe ezibangelwa ukuxhumana nodokotela.
- I-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid (PABA). I-PABA ingenye yezithako zokuqala ezisetshenziselwa ama-sunscreens kodwa manje ayivame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yalesi samakhemikhali, kubandakanya ukuxhumana nodokotela kanye nokuthambekela kwayo kwezembatho. Amakhemikhali amaningana ahlobene ne-PABA asetshenzisiwe namuhla, kuhlanganise nokuhlukunyezwa A no-O. Ama-sunscreen amaningi aqoshwa ngamanga ngokuthi "hypo-allergenic" ngoba angenawo i-PABA, kodwa angabangela uxhumano lwe-dermatitis kwezinye izithako ezisebenzayo. Abantu abaphikisana ne-PABA bangaba neminye imakhemikhali efana nayo, kuhlanganise ne-para-phenylenediamine (etholakala ngombala wezinwele ) nemithi ye-sulfonamide (sulfa) .
- Benzophenones. I-Benzophenones isetshenziselwe ama-sunscreens amashumi eminyaka, futhi ingenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokubambisana kwe-sun dermatitis e-United States. Amanye amagama benzophenones afaka i-oxybenzone, i- Eusolex 4360, i-methanone, i-Uvinal M40, i-diphenylketone kanye nanoma yiliphi elinye igama lamakhemikhali eliphela "-benzophenone".
- Amakhomishi. Ama-cinnamates ayitholakali kakhulu emasimini e-sunscreens kodwa ayisithako esivamile esetshenziswa njengama-flavourings nama-perfume kukho konke kusuka kumuthi wokugcoba kuya kumakha. Lezi zimakhemikhali zihlobene noBhalsamu wasePeru, amafutha e-sinamoni ne-cinnamic acid kanye ne-aldéhyde, ngakho-ke abantu abanamathele kuma-cinnamate bangase babe nokugula kwamanye amakhemikhali. Amanye amagama amakhemikhali ane-cinnamate afaka i-Parsol MCX nanoma yimaphi amakhemikhali aqeda "-cinnamate."
- Ama-salicylates. I-salicylate ye-benzyl yayiyi-sunscreen yokuqala esetshenziswa e-United States. Amakhemikhali avamile kuleli qembu asetshenzisiwe namuhla ahlanganisa i-octyl salicylate, i-homosalate nanoma yimaphi amakhemikhali aphela "-salicylate." Ama-salicylates ayizimbangela ezingavamile zokuxhumana ne-dermatitis.
- I-Dibenzoylmethanes. Lezi zihlahla zelanga ziye zasetshenziselwa e-United States kusukela ngo-1997, futhi zifaka amakhemikhali avobenzone ne-Eusolex 8020. Zivame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izimboni zamakhemikhali emasimini.
- I-octocrylene. I-octocrylene yikhemikhali elisha elisebenzisa ama-sunscreens kodwa libikwe ukuthi libangelwa ukuxhumana nodokotela. Kufana namasinamoni futhi angasetshenziswa kanye namakhemikhali e-cinnamate kuma-sunscreens.
Iziphi Izihlahla Zelanga Zingasetshenziswa Ngabantu Abanobuchopho Bokukhanya Kwangqamuzana?
Ama-agent wokuvimbela ngokomzimba awazange abikwe ukuthi abangele ukuxhumana nodokotela. Lawa ma-agent ahlanganisa i-zinc oxide ne-titanium dioxide futhi avame ukufika emithonjeni enzima kakhulu engangeni emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abanye abantu abathandi ukuwasebenzisa lezi zithunywa, njengoba zijabulisa kakhulu ngokwemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ama-sunscreen aqukethe la amakhemikhali ayisinqumo esihle kubantu abanesifo sengqondo sokushisa ama-sunscreens, noma labo abanenkinga yokuthuthukisa ukungezwani komzimba emasimini.
> Imithombo:
- > Groot ACD, uRoberts DW. Othintana naye nesithombe uthintana nokungezwani komzimba ku-octocrylene: ukubuyekezwa. Xhumana noDermatitis . 2014; 70 (4): 193-204. i-doi: 10.1111 / i-cod.12205.
- > I-Wong T, i-Orton D. I-Sunscreen yokungezwani komzimba, nophenyo lwayo. Imitholampilo eDermatology . 2011; 29 (3): 306-310. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.clindermatol.2010.11.002.