Uma uzothola i- chemotherapy isikhathi eside, noma uma ungumuntu ozobhapathizwa ngegazi noma umtshina wokufakelwa komnyo , umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angancoma umgudu ophakathi, noma i-catheter ye-venous (CVC) ephakathi. Ama-CVC angabuye abizwe ngokuthi amadivaysi okufinyelela ama-venous (VADs).
I-CVC yizinhlayiya ezifakwe emithanjeni yesandla sakho noma esifubeni futhi zinephuzu elitholakala emthanjeni omkhulu eduze kwenhliziyo yakho ebizwa ngokuthi i- vena cava ephezulu .
Lezi zinhlayiya zihlala endaweni ehlala isikhathi eside futhi zivumela abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuba banikeze imithi nemikhiqizo yegazi, futhi bathathe amasampula egazi ngaphandle kokuphoqa ngokuphindaphindiwe imivimbo yakho.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-CVC ezisetshenziselwa iziguli zesifo somdlavuza wegazi: imigqa ekhonjiwe, imigqa ye-CVC (ilayini ye-PICC) ngokufakiwe, kanye namachweba asetshenzisiwe.
I-CVC ene-tunneled
Ama-CVC ane-tunne abizwa ngamagama amaningi ahlukene. Izibonelo zama-CVC ane-tunne zihlanganisa u-Broviac, u-Hickman, u-Neostar, u-Leonard, no-Groshong.
Ngokuvamile, ama-CVC ane-tunnel afakwe ku-suite yokuhlinzeka noma ekamelweni lokusebenza eliyinyumba. Ngesikhathi uzobe uphapheme ngenkathi ufakwa, udokotela wakho uzokunika imithi ukuze uhlale ukhululekile futhi ukhululekile, kanye nokuhlinzekwa komzimba wangakini ukuze ungene endaweni lapho umcengezi angena khona emzimbeni.
Udokotela ofaka i-catheter uzokwenza izimboni ezimbili ezincane esifubeni sakho. Omunye uzoba ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezu kwe-ingono yakho (ebizwa ngokuthi indawo yokuphuma), kanti enye izoba phezulu, ngaphansi kwe-collarbone yakho (ebizwa ngokuthi indawo yokungena noma yokufaka indawo).
Khona-ke, bayokwenza umhubhe ngaphansi kwesikhumba phakathi kwezingxoxo ezimbili. I-CVC isuke isuka kusayithi eliphumayo liya kwesayithi lokungena bese lifika emthanjeni ngaphansi kwe-collarbone yakho.
Umhubhe uzophulukisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ufeze izinhloso ezimbili. Okokuqala, kwenza kube nzima ukuba amabhaktheriya akhuphuke ithubhu bese egazini lakho, futhi okwesibili, kusiza ukubamba i-catheter endaweni.
Kuzoba khona ukugqoka okusetshenziselwa isayithi, kanti i-catheter izodinga ukuhlanza okhethekile ukuze igcine isebenza kahle. Ithimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokunikeza imfundo ukuthi ungayilondoloza kanjani i-CVC yakho ene-tunnel uma uya ekhaya.
Ngokungeniswa Kufakwe i-CVC (I-PICC Line)
Ama-CVC, noma imigqa ye-PICC , ijwayele ukucatshangwa ukuthi amasayithi amakhulu kakhulu angenawo engalo. Kodwa-ke, nakuba zifakwe engalweni yakho, ziyizintambo eziphakathi kwe-venous catheters, okuwukuthi, ukuphela komcathisi kuphezu komvuthwandaba omkhulu eduze kwenhliziyo yakho.
Ama-PICC avame ukufakwa ngenqubo eyinyumba noma ngumhlengikazi okhethekile noma udokotela. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, uzobe uphapheme futhi uqaphele. Umhlinzeki wezempilo ofaka umcengezi uyovame ukufaka umgogodla endaweni yangaphakathi kwendonga yakho, noma ngenhla nje, nge-anesthetic yendawo. Ngezinye izikhathi, bazosebenzisa i-ultrasound ukuthola umbono we-vein. Bese bangena emgodini ngesidakamizwa esikhulu, esingenalutho futhi badonsa umcengezi ngokusebenzisa inaliti nasendlini.
Uma i-catheter isendaweni, ingahle iqhutshwe noma ivikeleke ngakho ingakhululwa ngengozi. Kuzoba khona ukugqoka okusetshenziselwa isayithi. Uma uzoya ekhaya nge-PICC yakho, ilungu lomndeni noma umnakekeli uzothola imfundo ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-catheter.
Amaports asetshenzisiwe
Amachweba asetshenzisiwe, ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi i-port-a-caths, amadivayisi amancane ane-catheter enamathiselwe. Le divayisi ihlinzekwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ngokuvamile ekhanda elingenhla, futhi i-catheter ifakwe ohlelweni lwezinyosi. Uma idivayisi isendaweni, ayikho ingxenye ye-CVC engaphandle komzimba; konke kutholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
Uma sekuyisikhathi sokuba wenze umsebenzi wegazi noma imithi inikezwe, umhlengikazi wakho uzothola i-CVC ngenaliti ekhethekile ehamba esikhunjeni sakho nasesangweni. Ezinye iziguli zikhononda ngenzwa yokucabangela lapho inaliti ifakiwe.
Lapho ichweba elifakiwe lingasebenzi, akukho ukugqoka okudingekayo.
Uma uhamba ekhaya ngechweba, kungase kudingeke ubuyele esibhedlela noma esikhungweni somdlavuza njalo ukuze i-CVC igwedwe futhi igcinwe.
Izinzuzo
- Inaliti encane ifaka phakathi kokwelashwa kwakho
- Imiqulu emikhulu yetshezi inganikwa ngokushesha masinyane
- Eminye imithi iyacasula kakhulu emithanjeni emincane yomzimba wakho ukuthi inganikwa kuphela nge-CVC
Ukungalungi
- I-CVC kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nezinkinga
- Izinguquko kumfanekiso wakho womzimba
- Ukufakwa kufaka izingozi ezithile zezokwelapha, njengazo zonke izinqubo zokuhlinzwa
- Ngokuvamile idinga ukugcinwa nokunikezwa ekhaya
Imibuzo Yokubuza Umhlinzeki Wezempilo
- Kungani ngidinga i-CVC?
- Ngilindele isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ngizodinga ukuba nalo?
- Luhlobo luni lwesondlo oludinga?
- Ngiyitholaphi khona izinto zayo?
- Iyini izindleko zokufaka nokugcina le divayisi?
- Imiphi imiphumela emibi kulindeleke? Yiziphi okufanele ngizikhathazeke ngazo?
- Ngithintana nobani uma nginemibuzo noma okukhathazayo?
Kufanele Ube Nini Ukukhathazeka Nge-CVC Yakho?
Uma unesinye sezibonakaliso noma izimo ezilandelayo, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha:
- Ukuphefumula okungazelelwe
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- I-CVC ephukile noma eyonakele, noma i-CVC evuzayo
- I-CVC ehlukanisiwe noma encane
- Fever
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala noma ukukhishwa endaweni yokufaka indawo
- Ukuvuvukala kwentamo, ingalo noma ubuso
Okubalulekile
Ama-CVC angenza izici eziningi zokwelapha umdlavuza wakho wegazi kalula. Zenzelwe ukusetshenziselwa isikhathi eside futhi zinikeze abahlinzeki bezempilo ukuthi bafinyelele emithanjeni emikhulu yegazi emzimbeni wakho. Eqinisweni, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma zokwelapha zidinga ukusebenzisa i-CVC.
Ngenkathi ngezindlela eziningi ukuba ne-CVC ingaba lula, nazo ziyi-portal evela ezweni langaphandle liye egazini lakho futhi zinezingozi ezithile ezihlobene nazo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-catheter yakho iyatholakala futhi iphephile ukuyisebenzisa uma kudingeka, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nokukwazi ukugcina i-CVD yakho.
Imithombo:
Goodman, M. Chemotherapy: Izimiso Zokuphatha. E-Yarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M., Groenwald, S. eds (2000) Ukunakekela Kansa : Izimiso Nezenzo 5th American Cancer Society, Jones noBartlett: Sudbury, MA.
I-Central Venous Catheters, i-American Cancer Society, 02/11/2016.