Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokunakekelwa kwe-SVC Syndrome
I-superior vena cava syndrome (i-SVC syndrome) isethi yezimpawu eziphumela lapho igazi ligeleza nge-vena cava eliphakeme (isitsha esikhulu segazi esibuyisela igazi emzimbeni ophezulu emuva enhliziyweni) sivinjelwe. Le syndrome yinkinga eyenzeka ngamaphesenti amabili kuya kwangu-4 abantu abaphila nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi kwezinye izimo yilona uphawu lokuqala oluholela ekuxilongweni.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ze-SVC syndrome zibangelwa ukucindezelwa kwe-vena cava ngaphezulu kwe-blockage futhi kungafaka:
- Ukuvuvukala kobuso, izingalo noma udonga lwesifuba
- Ukuphefumula okunzima (i- dyspnea )
- Ukwandisa emithanjeni entanyeni nasesifuba
- Isikhukhula kanye / noma ukukhwehlela igazi (i-hemoptysis)
- Izinwele
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukuthuthumela
- Kunzima ukugwinya (i-dysphasia)
- Bhalisa ngesikhumba sobuso noma emzimbeni (i-cyanosis)
Uma Kuyisimo Esiphuthumayo
I-vena cava syndrome ephakeme kakhulu ingase ivele kancane kancane ezigulini eziningi, kodwa ingaba usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha kwezinye izimo. Uma ukuvinjelwa kwe-vena cava ephakeme kwenzeka ngokushesha, kungase kungabi nesikhathi seminye imithwalo yegazi (ebizwa ngokuthi imithwalo yegazi yegazi noma ukujikelezwa kwegazi) ukubhekana nokwanda kwegazi okwenzekayo. Okukhathazeka kakhulu yi-SVC syndrome eyenziwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu-okubangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwe-trachea - umoya ohamba usuka emakhaleni ukuya ku-bronchi enkulu engena emaphashini.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu kubalulekile ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti ukuze ubone udokotela wakho ngaso leso sikhathi. Izifundo zisitshela ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-SVC syndrome balinde isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Futhi noma ngabe uzizwa uhlobene nomdlavuza wakho, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Iningi labantu abafa ne-SVC bafa ngomdlavuza wabo-NOT SVC syndrome. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube khona izimo zezokwelapha ngaphandle komdlavuza obangela le nkinga.
Izimbangela
Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-SVC syndrome namuhla ukucindezelwa kwe-vena cava ephakeme (i-SVC) ngesifo somdlavuza. I-vena cava ephakeme i-vein ene-soft-curved vein futhi ingacindezelwa kalula yizicubu ezikhula eduze. Amagciwane okugaya, ikakhulukazi lawo akhula emaphashini aphakeme aphezulu, yizona ezibangela kakhulu, ezilandelwa yi-lymphomas. Isisindo sezinye izicubu, ezifana nomdlavuza webele kuya kuma-lymph nodes ku- mediastinum (indawo yesifuba emkhatsini wamaphaphu) nawo angaba nomthwalo wemfanelo. Izimbangela ezingavamile ezibandakanya ama-clots egazi ngaphakathi kwe-SVC (ngokuvamile ephakathi kuya emigqeni engaphakathi noma emiphakathini ye-pacemaker) noma izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba.
Ukuxilongwa
I-SVC syndrome ivame ukusola ngezibonakaliso nezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla. Izifundo zemvelo ezifana ne-x-ray noma i-CT scan zingabonisa isifo noma izibonakaliso ezibonisa ukuthi i-SVC syndrome. Okunye ukuhlolwa, okufana ne-MRI, i-ultrasound, noma i-venography (ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngokusebenzisa idayi emithanjeni ye-ray ray) kungase kuphakanyiswe futhi. Uma udokotela wakho esolwa ngomdlavuza obangela izimpawu zakho (futhi unomzimba oqinile), kudingeke ukuba uvivinywe okuqhubekayo ukuze uhlolwe umdlavuza ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukwelashwa.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu utholakala kanjani .
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kwe-SVC syndrome kuncike enkulu ekubambeni. Uma izimpawu zibangelwa isisu esixosha i-vena cava ephakeme, izindlela zokwelapha isisu ezifana ne- chemotherapy kanye ne- radiation therapy zivame ukusetshenziswa. Ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho, kungafakwa i-stent ukubamba i-vena cava ephakeme. I-Blood thinners ingasetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuvala. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlinzeka ngokuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kungadingeka.
Isibikezelo
Ukuchazwa kwesifo se-SVC syndrome kuyahluka futhi kuxhomeke ekubangela imbangela.
Imithombo:
I-Cheng, S. Superior vena cava syndrome: ukubuyekezwa kwesikhashana kwesifo esingokomlando. I-Cardiology ekubuyekezweni . 2009. 17 (1): 16-23.
I-National Cancer Institute. I-PDQ ye-Cancer Summaries Information. I-Cardiopulmonary Syndromes. I-Health Professional Version ibuyekeziwe ngo-08/31/15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65834/#CDR0000352186__97
I-National Cancer Institute. I-Cardiopulmonary Syndromes (PDQ). I-Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Inguqulo yesineke. Kubuyekezwe 09/02/15. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/cardiopulmonary-pdq#section/all.
UNunnelee, J. Superior vena cava syndrome. I-Journal of Nursing Nursing . 2007. 25 (1): 2-5, imibuzo 6.
I-Walji, N. Okuvamile okusheshayo okuphathelene nezimo eziphuthumayo: ukuxilongwa, uphenyo nokuphathwa. I-Postgraduate Medicine Journal . 2008. 84 (994): 418-27.